| 1. |
- Ackum, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Vi tar fram en handfast plan för en omstart av Sverige
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :27 april
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det är /.../ fullt möjligt att tänka strategiskt och systematiskt även i brinnande kris. Omstartskommissionen hoppas kunna bidra till fokus, analys och konkreta policyförslag för att stödja Sveriges långsiktiga inriktning. Vi kommer att under våren och sommaren anordna seminarier och hearings om vårt arbete, delrapporter ska läggas fram – och när budgetarbetet börjar och Riksdagen öppnar, vill vi kunna bidra med en rejäl och handfast plan för hur vi omstartar Sverige.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Economic Analysis and Investment Priorities in Sweden's Transport Sector
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis. - : Cambridge University Press. - 2194-5888 .- 2152-2812. ; 9:1, s. 120-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Beginning as a planning tool within Sweden's national road administration some 50 years ago, benefit-cost analysis (BCA) has come to be a pillar of the national transport policy because of subsequent strategic choices made by the national parliament. These choices made it necessary to widen the analysis of costs to include also externalities and a foregone conclusion was that efficient investment priorities should be made based on BCA. But no one asked whether the political decision makers or the BCA models were up to that task. This paper reviews the institutional framework and practice of BCA in Sweden for transport infrastructure investment, and considers design issues that have been and still are debated, such as whether the discount rate should include a risk term and how to account for the marginal cost of public funds. A main concern with BCA results is the underestimation of construction costs, making transport sector projects look better than they are. Several ex post analyses have established that a higher NPV ratio increases the probability of being included in the investment program proposal prepared by the agency. The requirement to let projects undergo BCA seems to make planners trim project proposals by trying to reduce investment costs without significantly reducing benefits. This relationship is weaker among profitable projects. Moreover, there is no correlation between rate of return and the probability of being included in the final program, which is established on political grounds.
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| 3. |
- Bratt Börjesson, Maria, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Jättestor nytta, men ännu större kostnad
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - : Dagens Nyhter AB. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
- Börjesson, Maria, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Stoppa Ostlänken nu!
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens Industri. - : Dagens industri AB. - 0346-640X .- 1402-4209. ; :3 augusti
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Carlén, Björn, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Landbaserade godstransporter, klimat och styrmedel : underlagsrapporter 1-10
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- VTI notat 28-2014 innehåller de tio underlagsrapporter som ligger till grund för VTI rapport 831: ”Landbaserade godstransporter, klimat och styrmedel – Sammanfattande rapport”. I VTI rapport 831 diskuterar forskarna flera dimensioner av hur växthusgaserna från godstransportsektorn ska kunna minskas, till exempel med hjälp av så kallade Gröna korridorer. Vidare diskuteras hur man ska se på de klimatpolitiska konsekvenserna av överflyttning från väg till järnväg eller elektrifierade fordon på väg.
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| 6. |
- Forsstedt, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Hur väl fungerar försäkringsbranschen?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 43:6, s. 40-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Hultkrantz, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Samhällsekonomisk analys : En introduktion till mikroekonomin
- 2008. - 2
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna bok är en introduktion till den samhällsekonomiska mikroteorin och dess normativa del, välfärdsteorin. Författarna presenterar såväl klassiska teorier som nyare inslag som beteendeekonomi, spelteori och informationsekonomi. Boken visar även hur teorin kan användas för olika praktiska syften, t.ex. vid val av styrmedel, analys av konkurrensfrågor, upphandling och samhällsekonomisk lönsamhetsbedömning.Samhällsekonomisk teori och metod kan användas för att analysera många frågor. Denna teori utvecklades ursprungligen för att förklara marknaders funktion men används idag för att studera alla slags samhällsinstitutioner – t.ex. organisationer, lagar och avtalsformer. Med hjälp av samhällsekonomisk analys kan man både förklara dessa institutioner och hur väl de fungerar, i synnerhet deras effektivitet.
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| 8. |
- Mai, Anh, 1986-
(författare)
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Organizing for efficiency : Essays on merger policies, independence of authorities, and technology diffusion
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Institutions are fundamentally sets of rules in a society that help create stability. Organizations are groups of people who may share the same goal. Changes in organizations and institutions will have large effects on the performance of economies. This thesis explores empirical aspects concerning two elements of institutional and organizational design: economic regulations and independent regulatory authorities (IRAs).Essay 1 studies the impact of the 2004 EU merger policy reform on how mergers are reviewed by the European Commission. The EU policy appears to have softened after the reform for unilateral mergers and this may suggest an improvement of merger policy efficiency.Essay 2 compares the merger enforcements in the EU and the US. Our approach is to decompose the differences into policy effects and casemix effects. The EU policy has significantly changed after its 2004 reform. Overall, the results show a convergence between the two policies for dominance mergers after the EU policy reform.Essay 3 constructs an independence index for 109 European IRAs in six different sectors: competition, energy, financial markets, pharmaceuticals, food safety, and telecom. Factor analysis suggests that the heads of the agencies are mostly constrained by four factors: collegial bodies, the judicial system, politics and scope of tasks, and resources.Essay 4 explores a correlation between independence of regulatory authorities and corruption. We find that the authorities in corrupt countries to a large extent rely on collegial bodies but are less tightly controlled by the judicial system, compared with those in “clean” countries.Essay 5 studies the impact of regulation on broadband diffusion speed. The results imply that a strict local loop unbundling policy appears to slow the diffusion speed of fixed broadband. In contrast, a procompetition policy that aims to promote entry has a significant positive impact on the diffusion speed of mobile broadband.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Jan-Eric, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Vad 1998 års trafikpolitik bör innehålla
- 1997
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - : Nationalekonomiska föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 10. |
- Odolinski, Kristofer, 1984-
(författare)
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Reforming a publicly owned monopoly : costs and incentives in railway maintenance
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The railway system is often considered to be an industry where a monopoly occurs “naturally”, which can explain the public ownership and the use of regulations. However, railways in Europe have been subject to reforms during the last three decades. The use of tendering has increased, which is a way of introducing competition for the market in absence of competition within the market. Still, contracting out services previously produced in-house places a heavy burden on the client, where contract design and its incentive structures can be decisive for the outcome of the reform.This dissertation provides empirical evidence on costs and incentives in a publicly owned monopoly that is subject to reforms, namely the provision of railway maintenance in Sweden.Essay 1 estimates the effect of exposing rail infrastructure maintenance to competitive tendering. The results show that this reform reduced maintenance costs in Sweden by around 11 per cent over the period 1999-2011, without any associated fall in the available measures of quality.Essay 2 estimates the relative cost efficiency between and within maintenance regions in Sweden. The results indicate considerable efficiency gaps together with economies of scale not being fully exploited.Essay 3 analyses the effect of incentive structures in railway maintenance contracts. An increase in the power of the incentive scheme reduces the number of infrastructure failures according to the results. In addition, the estimated effect of the performance incentive schemes suggests that more effort towards preventing train delays is made at the expense of preventing other failures.Essay 4 comprises an estimation of marginal costs of rail maintenance. The static model produces slightly lower marginal costs compared to previous estimates on Swedish data. The results from the dynamic model show that an increase in maintenance costs in year t - 1 predicts an increase in maintenance costs in year t. Indeed, there is an intertemporal effect that depends on the performed maintenance activities (governed by the contract design).
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