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- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 8 : Integrated Water and Sanitation Management in Urban Areas
- 2007
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Ingår i: Baltic University Urban Forum Urban Management Guidebook. - : Baltic University Press. ; , s. 42-46
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A relationship exists between total pollution emission and resources depletion, population, produced goods per capita, and pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods. As population and products per capita grow pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods must decrease significantly each year to comply with sustainability. Integration of water, wastewater, and solid waste handling and its relation to energy is discussed as a way to improve the direction towards sustainability and to use ecology concepts on water and sanitation in municipalities or river basins. Possible benefits of integration of water and sanitation are discussed and the need to consider natural, technical, social and economical sciences.
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- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of water and sanitation – a challenge to reach sustainability goals
- 2007
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Ingår i: Integration and optimisation of urban sanitation systems. - 9789171788269 ; , s. 13-19
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Possible benefits of integration of water and sanitation are discussed based on results from a Polish-Swedish research co-operation project supported by the Swedish Institute (SI). A relationship exists between total pollution emission and resources depletion, population, produced goods per capita, and pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods. As population and products per capita grow pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods must decrease significantly each year to comply with sustainability. Integration of water, wastewater, and solid waste handling and its relation to energy is discussed as a way to improve the direction towards sustainability and to use ecology concepts on water and sanitation in municipalities or river basins.
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- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Wastewater treatment : new challenges
- 2010
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Ingår i: Research and application of new technologies in wastewater treatment and municipal solid waste disposal in Ukraine, Sweden and Poland. - 9789174155235 ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Levlin, Erik, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge : Ideas for further studies to improve leaching
- 2007
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Ingår i: Integration and optimisation of urban sanitation systems. - 9789171788252 ; , s. 61-70
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Development of methods to recover phosphorus will make handling of sewage sludge moresustainable. In earlier studies sludge incineration ash and SCWO-residues have been leached withacid and base. Acid leaching gives a high degree of recovery but releases besides phosphate alsothe main part of other metals (including heavy metals). This gives a large separation problem andgives a complicated process technology. Leaching with base (NaOH) gives a lower degree ofrecovery (up to about 50 %) however with less dissolution of metals. When leaching with base, thecalcium content in the sludge probably binds phosphorus as calcium phosphate.To improve leaching different possibilities can be studied such as use of a two-step leachingprocess. In a first step acid leaching dissolves calcium and magnesium. Treating the leachate withsulphuric acid, calcium sulphate (gypsum) is precipitated and phosphoric acid is obtained.Remaining ash or SCWO-residual product can afterwards be treated by alkaline leaching. Anotheralternative is to study leaching at anaerobic conditions. Since ferrous iron(II) phosphate is moresoluble than ferric iron(III) phosphate the phosphate is more easily dissolved and the heavy metalcontamination will be lower.
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