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Sökning: WFRF:(Humeau J)

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  • Wang, Y, et al. (författare)
  • Autophagy induction by thiostrepton improves the efficacy of immunogenic chemotherapy
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer. - : BMJ. - 2051-1426. ; 8:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a peculiar modality of cellular demise that elicits adaptive immune responses and triggers T cell-dependent immunity.MethodsFluorescent biosensors were employed for an unbiased drug screen approach aiming at the identification of ICD enhancers.ResultsHere, we discovered thiostrepton as an enhancer of ICD able to boost chemotherapy-induced ATP release, calreticulin exposure and high-mobility group box 1 exodus. Moreover, thiostrepton enhanced anticancer immune responses of oxaliplatin (OXA) in vivo in immunocompetent mice, yet failed to do so in immunodeficient animals. Consistently, thiostrepton combined with OXA altered the ratio of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to regulatory T cells, thus overcoming immunosuppression and reinstating anticancer immunosurveillance.ConclusionAltogether, these results indicate that thiostrepton can be advantageously combined with chemotherapy to enhance anticancer immunogenicity.
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  • Castoldi, F, et al. (författare)
  • Autophagy-mediated metabolic effects of aspirin
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cell death discovery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2058-7716. ; 6:1, s. 129-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Salicylate, the active derivative of aspirin (acetylsalicylate), recapitulates the mode of action of caloric restriction inasmuch as it stimulates autophagy through the inhibition of the acetyltransferase activity of EP300. Here, we directly compared the metabolic effects of aspirin medication with those elicited by 48 h fasting in mice, revealing convergent alterations in the plasma and the heart metabolome. Aspirin caused a transient reduction of general protein acetylation in blood leukocytes, accompanied by the induction of autophagy. However, these effects on global protein acetylation could not be attributed to the mere inhibition of EP300, as determined by epistatic experiments and exploration of the acetyl-proteome from salicylate-treated EP300-deficient cells. Aspirin reduced high-fat diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and hepatosteatosis. These aspirin effects were observed in autophagy-competent mice but not in two different models of genetic (Atg4b−/− or Bcln1+/−) autophagy-deficiency. Aspirin also improved tumor control by immunogenic chemotherapeutics, and this effect was lost in T cell-deficient mice, as well as upon knockdown of an essential autophagy gene (Atg5) in cancer cells. Hence, the health-improving effects of aspirin depend on autophagy.
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