| 1. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 2. |
- Caglar, Mine, et al.
(författare)
-
Interarrival Distribution of a Long-Range Dependent Workload Process
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences. - 1935-0090. ; 8:1L, s. 15-26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We derive the interarrival distribution of a workload input process which is a variation of the infinite source Poisson process for packet traffic. It accounts for long-range dependence and self-similarity exhibited by real traces in the Internet. The packet generation process is compound Poisson over each session which has a heavy tailed distribution. Considering the dependence induced by the workload, we derive the conditional distribution of the next interarrival time given that a packet has just arrived. This allows the use of the workload as general arrivals to a queueing system for further performance analysis
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Taheri, Javid, et al.
(författare)
-
Fuzzy Online Location Management in Mobile Computing Environments
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing. - : Academic Press. - 0743-7315 .- 1096-0848. ; 71:8, s. 1142-1153
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a new approach, namely Intelligent Fuzzy Online Location Management Strategy (IFOLMS), based on Fuzzy clustering techniques to solve the mobile location management problem. Using a Fuzzy location estimator in this technique, mobile users' past movements are used in making future paging decisions by the network. IFOLMS has the potential to lead to massive savings in the number of network signal transactions that must be made to locate users. Performance of the proposed approach has been measured by using several test networks; it shows promising results - around 50% reduction in network cost - when compared to many of the existing location management techniques (including GSM). Results also provide new insights into the mobility management problem and its associated performance issues.
|
|
