| 1. |
- Vicedo-Cabrera, A.M., et al.
(författare)
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The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 11:6, s. 492-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change affects human health; however, there have been no large-scale, systematic efforts to quantify the heat-related human health impacts that have already occurred due to climate change. Here, we use empirical data from 732 locations in 43 countries to estimate the mortality burdens associated with the additional heat exposure that has resulted from recent human-induced warming, during the period 1991–2018. Across all study countries, we find that 37.0% (range 20.5–76.3%) of warm-season heat-related deaths can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change and that increased mortality is evident on every continent. Burdens varied geographically but were of the order of dozens to hundreds of deaths per year in many locations. Our findings support the urgent need for more ambitious mitigation and adaptation strategies to minimize the public health impacts of climate change.
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| 2. |
- Merisalu, E., et al.
(författare)
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Job specific risk factors, demographic parameters and musculoskeletal disorders among military personnel depending on type of service
- 2015
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Ingår i: Agronomy Research. - : Eesti Pollumajandusulikool. - 1406-894X. ; 13:3, s. 775-785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current study aimed to analyse the prevalence of job specific risk factors (JSRF) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among military personnel depending on demographic factors and type of service. An anonymous questionnaire study was carried out in five departments of Estonian Defence Forces (EDF) among local service personnel (LSP) and the Peace Corp personnel (PCP) arrived back from mission. The average response rate was 38.7% (LSP 31.9% and PCP 77.6%). In LSP group there were 44.7% male participants, with mean age 39.2 ± 11 years, length of service in present position 5.8 ± 4.9 years and work load of 37.9 ± 8.4 hours per week. In PCP group 97.4% were males, with mean age 27.5 ± 5.7 years, service length on present position 3.1 ± 2.6 years and work load of 84.3 ± 60.9 hours per week. The dominant JSRF in LSP was 'demand for constant concentration' (76.5%) and night work (57%) in PCP (group difference p < 0.0001). 'Fast movements' and 'lifting loads >40 kg' were the specific tasks most often reported in mission. 'Job insecurity' was more often reported by the female; 'night work' and 'work-rest disbalance' by the male military personnel (p< 0.001).The prevalence of MSDs was higher among women and LSP than in men and PCP group (p< 0.05). In LSP mild to moderate discomfort reported by 2/3 because of neck-shoulder strain and by ½ because of lower back pain. In conclusion, MSDs seems to depend more on demographic parameters and type of service than JSRFs. Further studies are needed to focus on predictive factors of MSDs among military personnel.
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