| 1. |
- Isaksson, Ola, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Trends, observations and drivers for change in systems engineering design
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED. - : The Design Society. ; 3, s. 201-210
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufactures, developing products, need to adapt and improve their practices taking advantage of technology advancements and simultaneously develop products and solutions to fit a new world. This paper discusses how societal and technological trends drive the need for change and evolution in what is called Systems Engineering Design (SED), indicating a systems view on engineering design. Through an analysis and selected examples it is argued that SED capabilities need to better address the width and complexity of design problem, takes advantages of increased computational power and sensing technologies to master future challenges. An important factor for successful deployment and change in industrial context, is the need for interactive and visual AIDS and easily accessible support methods. This can pave the way also for advanced SED support.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Corin Stig, Daniel, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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TERA - An Assessment of Technology Reuse Feasibility
- 2015
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Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0509. ; 44:C, s. 507-516
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Instead of developing each new product from scratch, firms strive to reuse prior components and technologies in new applications in order to improve robustness, reduce cost and shorten time-to-market. Technologies come in the forms of methods, designs and processes, and are suitable for reuse since they are concepts for solving certain problems that multiple products have use for. However, reuse of technology where the application context is different requires adaptation of both the technology and the product system into which it is introduced. In practice, the magnitude and sources for this effect are often underestimated, which leads to unanticipated uncertainty in product development projects with consequences for robustness and efficiency in development. Based on available literature and needs identified within a case company, this paper proposes a method for identifying potential challenges of technology reuse that may otherwise be overlooked or only implicitly acknowledged. The method features a scorecard that guides a workshop to be attended by technology experts and managers where the prospect for successful technology reuse is assessed.
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| 4. |
- Galan, D., et al.
(författare)
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A remote laboratory for optical levitation of charged droplets
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0143-0807 .- 1361-6404. ; 39:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a remotely controlled experiment in which liquid droplets are levitated by a vertically aligned focused laser beam. The droplets levitate at the point where the photon pressure of the focused laser beam balances the gravitational force. The size of a trapped droplet can be measured by detecting the diffraction pattern created by the trapping laser light. The charge on the trapped droplet can thereafter be determined by observing its motion when a vertically directed electrical field is applied. This experiment allows a student to study many fundamental physics processes, such as photon pressure, diffraction of light, or the motion of charged particles in electrical fields. The complexity of the experiments and the concept studied make this suitable for advanced studies in physics. The laser power required in the experiment is about 1 W, which is a thousand times greater than the value of 1 mW at which lasers begin to be capable of causing harm to eyes; high voltages are also used. Further, the cost of the equipment is relatively high, which limits its availability to most undergraduate teaching laboratories. It thus constitutes an ideal experiment for remote control.
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| 5. |
- Galinskiy, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of particle motion in optical tweezers embedded in a Sagnac interferometer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 23, s. 27071-27084
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have constructed a counterpropagating optical tweezers setup embedded in a Sagnac interferometer in order to increase the sensitivity of position tracking for particles in the geometrical optics regime. Enhanced position determination using a Sagnac interferometer has previously been described theoretically by Taylor et al. [Journal of Optics 13, 044014 (2011)] for Rayleigh-regime particles trapped in an antinode of a standing wave. We have extended their theory to a case of arbitrarily-sized particles trapped with orthogonally-polarized counter-propagating beams. The working distance of the setup was sufficiently long to optically induce particle oscillations orthogonally to the axis of the tweezers with an auxiliary laser beam. Using these oscillations as a reference, we have experimentally shown that Sagnac-enhanced back focal plane interferometry is capable of providing an improvement of more than 5 times in the signal-to-background ratio, corresponding to a more than 30-fold improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. The experimental results obtained are consistent with our theoretical predictions. In the experimental setup, we used a method of optical levitator-assisted liquid droplet delivery in air based on commercial inkjet technology, with a novel method to precisely control the size of droplets.
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| 6. |
- Hanstorp, Dag, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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A versatile system for optical manipulation experiments
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. SPIE Nanoscience + Engineering, 2017, San Diego, California, United States. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 9781510611528
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. In this paper a versatile experimental system for optical levitation is presented. Microscopic liquid droplets are produced on demand from piezo-electrically driven dispensers. The charge of the droplets is controlled by applying an electric field on the piezo-dispenser head. The dispenser releases droplets into a vertically focused laser beam. The size and position in 3 dimensions of trapped droplets are measured using two orthogonally placed high speed cameras. Alternatively, the vertical position is determined by imaging scattered light onto a position sensitive detector. The charge of a trapped droplets is determined by recording its motion when an electric field is applied, and the charge can be altered by exposing the droplet to a radioactive source or UV light. Further, spectroscopic information of the trapped droplet is obtained by imaging the droplet on the entrance slit of a spectrometer. Finally, the trapping cell can be evacuated, allowing investigations of droplet dynamics in vacuum. The system is utilized to study a variety of physical phenomena, and three pilot experiments are given in this paper. First, a system used to control and measure the charge of the droplet is presented. Second, it is demonstrated how particles can be made to rotate and spin by trapping them using optical vortices. Finally, the Raman spectra of trapped glycerol droplets are obtained and analyzed. The long term goal of this work is to create a system where interactions of droplets with the surrounding medium or with other droplets can be studied with full control of all physical variables.
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| 7. |
- Isaksson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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An optical levitation system for a physics teaching laboratory
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physics. - : American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT). - 0002-9505 .- 1943-2909. ; 86:2, s. 135-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe an experimental system based on optical levitation of an oil droplet. When combined with an applied electric field and a source of ionizing radiation, the setup permits the investigation of physical phenomena such as radiation pressure, light diffraction, the motion of a charged particle in an oscillating electric field, and the interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. The trapping occurs by creating an equilibrium between a radiation pressure force and the force of gravity. We have found that an oil droplet can be trapped for at least nine hours. The system can be used to measure the size and total electric charge on the trapped droplet. The intensity of the light from the trapping laser that is scattered by the droplet is sufficient to allow the droplet to be easily seen with the naked eye, covered by laser alignment goggles. When oscillating under the influence of an ac electric field, the motion of the droplet can be described as that of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator. The magnitude and polarity of the charge can be altered by exposing the droplet to ionizing radiation from a low-activity radioactive source. Our goal was to design a hands-on setup that allows undergraduate and graduate students to observe and better understand fundamental physical processes. (C) 2018 American Association of Physics Teachers.
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| 8. |
- Isaksson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Manipulation of optically levitated particles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE, Proc. SPIE 8810, Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation X. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 9780819496607 ; 8810:article nr 88100O
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of an experimental system in which optical levitation combined with Millikans classical oil drop experiment will be presented. The focus of the apparatus is a glass cell (25x72x25 mm3) in which an oil drop is levitated using a vertically aligned laser beam. A laser power of about 0.9 W is needed to capture a drop, whereas typically 0.3 W is sufficient to maintain it in the trap. An alternating electric field is applied vertically across the cell, causing the drop to oscillate in the vertical direction. The amplitude of the oscillations depends on the strength of the electric field and the q/m ratio of the oil drop. The oscillations are observed by imaging scattered laser light onto either a screen or a position sensitive detector. The number of discrete charges on the drop can be reduced by exposing it to either UV-light or a radioactive source. The radius of the drop is measured by detecting the diffraction pattern produced when illuminated with a horizontally aligned He-Ne laser beam. The mass of the drop can then be determined since the density of the oil is known. Hence, absolute measurements of both the mass and the charge of the drop can be obtained. The goal of the experiment is to design a system which can be used to demonstrate several fundamental physical phenomena using the bare eye as the only detector. The experimental set-up will be further developed for studies of light scattering and spectroscopy of liquids and for studies of interactions between liquid drops. © 2013 SPIE.
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| 9. |
- Isaksson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs
- 2019
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Ingår i: Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments. - : MyJove Corporation. - 1940-087X. ; :143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The work presents an experiment that allows the study of many fundamental physical processes, such as photon pressure, diffraction of light or the motion of charged particles in electrical fields. In this experiment, a focused laser beam pointing upwards levitate liquid droplets. The droplets are levitated by the photon pressure of the focused laser beam which balances the gravitational force. The diffraction pattern created when illuminated with laser light can help measure the size of a trapped droplet. The charge of the trapped droplet can be determined by studying its motion when a vertically directed electrical field is applied. There are several reasons motivating this experiment to be remotely controlled. The investments required for the setup exceeds the amount normally available in undergraduate teaching laboratories. The experiment requires a laser of Class 4, which is harmful to both skin and eyes and the experiment uses voltages that are harmful.
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| 10. |
- Marti Bigorra, Anna, 1990-
(författare)
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Customer-focused data-driven target setting
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To develop products through a customer-centric strategy, early stages of product development such as target setting play an important role. In the target setting stage Customer Needs (CN) are gathered and translated into Design Requirements (DR) in order to subsequently set product targets that fit cost constraints and at the same time result in high Customer Satisfaction (CS). Continuous advances in information technology create new opportunities for companies to gather information about the customer, for example, for marketing purposes, or to assess customer reactions after the launch of new products. In addition, products are becoming complex systems that are successively equipped with more software and sensors offering opportunities for collecting data on how they are used. Knowing how customers use the product enhances a company’s ability to segment customers and customize products.Despite customer information availability from different sources (sensors, social media, etc.), surveys and focus groups are considered today as the main data source to derive the set of CN statements during target setting. Further, the team’s interpretation of CNs, which are often described in abstract language, must be translated into DRs, which are described in a more technical language. Hence, the translation process of CNs into DRs is said to be subjective. To set product targets, CS sensitivity to changes in DR levels is also considered. Surveys and benchmarking data containing customer perceptions on competitors’ performance are often the main customer data input into the process. While insightful information may be obtained, surveys are costly and time consuming and only encompass a small part of the market population.The research presented in this doctoral thesis explores how customer information obtained from sensors (e.g. product usage data) and text data (e.g. from websites, open-survey questionnaires) can be factored in the target setting process before concept generation to enhance customer focus without compromising product development time. The aim is to increase designers’ awareness of target population and in turn increase the quality of the design decisions on product targets. For this purpose, a customer-focused data-driven target setting methodology is proposed. The presented methodology changes the actual target setting methodology by means of indicators and autonomous activities on those parts of the process where marketing or design decisions are needed. The proposed methodology gives the incentive for a more integrated product development where marketing and designers need to work closely. This further allows a sustainable customer information gathering strategy that strives for missing customer information that is required for setting product targets. The indicators act as feedback channels for continuous product improvement. The use of such indicators and autonomous activities highlights the potential of a more efficient, less subjective and higher-quality target setting process.
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