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- Hollander, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Röster i rätten
- 2000
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Ingår i: Kulturella perspektiv - Svensk etnologisk tidskrift. - Umeå : Föreningen Kulturella perspektiv. - 1102-7908. ; :2, s. 35-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Voices in CourtIn the ongoing project: Therapist and adverse party- cour! hearings about coercive intervention, weanalyze the communication process in court hearingsconcerning cases where citizens are subjectedto coercive measures (compulsory care for psychiatricpatients and drug abusers, social authorities'interventions to separate children from theirparents). The primary purpose is to analyze thedilemma ofbalancing two seemingly incompatibleroles for chief psychiatrists and social workers: tobe "on the client's side" in clinical and social worksettings, while acting as a formal adverse party tothe client in the courtroom.
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| 2. |
- Härgestam, Maria, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Communication in interdisciplinary teams : Exploring closed-loop communication during in situ trauma team training
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 3:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Investigate the use of call-out (CO) and closed-loop communication (CLC) during a simulated emergency situation, and its relation to profession, age, gender, ethnicity, years in profession, educational experience, work experience and leadership style.Design: Exploratory study.Setting: In situ simulator-based interdisciplinary team training using trauma cases at an emergency department.Participants: The result was based on 16 trauma teams with a total of 96 participants. Each team consisted of two physicians, two registered nurses and two enrolled nurses, identical to a standard trauma team.Results: The results in this study showed that the use of CO and CLC in trauma teams was limited, with an average of 20 CO and 2.8 CLC/team. Previous participation in trauma team training did not increase the frequency of use of CLC while ≥2 structured trauma courses correlated with increased use of CLC (risk ratio (RR) 3.17, CI 1.22 to 8.24). All professions in the trauma team were observed to initiate and terminate CLC (except for the enrolled nurse from the operation theatre). The frequency of team members’ use of CLC increased significantly with an egalitarian leadership style (RR 1.14, CI 1.04 to 1.26).Conclusions: This study showed that despite focus on the importance of communication in terms of CO and CLC, the difficulty in achieving safe and reliable verbal communication within the interdisciplinary team remained. This finding indicates the need for validated training models combined with further implementation studies.
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| 3. |
- Härgestam, Maria, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Trauma team leaders' non-verbal communication : video registration during trauma team training
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1757-7241. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is widespread consensus on the importance of safe and secure communication in healthcare, especially in trauma care where time is a limiting factor. Although non-verbal communication has an impact on communication between individuals, there is only limited knowledge of how trauma team leaders communicate. The purpose of this study was to investigate how trauma team members are positioned in the emergency room, and how leaders communicate in terms of gaze direction, vocal nuances, and gestures during trauma team training.METHODS: Eighteen trauma teams were audio and video recorded during trauma team training in the emergency department of a hospital in northern Sweden. Quantitative content analysis was used to categorize the team members' positions and the leaders' non-verbal communication: gaze direction, vocal nuances, and gestures. The quantitative data were interpreted in relation to the specific context. Time sequences of the leaders' gaze direction, speech time, and gestures were identified separately and registered as time (seconds) and proportions (%) of the total training time.RESULTS: The team leaders who gained control over the most important area in the emergency room, the "inner circle", positioned themselves as heads over the team, using gaze direction, gestures, vocal nuances, and verbal commands that solidified their verbal message. Changes in position required both attention and collaboration. Leaders who spoke in a hesitant voice, or were silent, expressed ambiguity in their non-verbal communication: and other team members took over the leader's tasks.DISCUSSION:In teams where the leader had control over the inner circle, the members seemed to have an awareness of each other's roles and tasks, knowing when in time and where in space these tasks needed to be executed. Deviations in the leaders' communication increased the ambiguity in the communication, which had consequences for the teamwork. Communication cannot be taken for granted; it needs to be practiced regularly just as technical skills need to be trained. Simulation training provides healthcare professionals the opportunity to put both verbal and non-verbal communication in focus, in order to improve patient safety.CONCLUSIONS: Non-verbal communication plays a decisive role in the interaction between the trauma team members, and so both verbal and non-verbal communication should be in focus in trauma team training. This is even more important for inexperienced leaders, since vague non-verbal communication reinforces ambiguity and can lead to errors.
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| 4. |
- Jacobsson, Maritha, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Barnrätten som kunskapsregim och social praktik
- 2012
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Ingår i: Rätt, social utsatthet och samhälleligt ansvar. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139016649 ; , s. 53-71
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Jacobsson, Maritha, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible knowledge repertoires : Communication by leaders in trauma teams
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1757-7241. ; 20:1, s. 44-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In emergency situations, it is important for the trauma team to efficiently communicate their observations and assessments. One common communication strategy is “closed-loop communication”, which can be described as a transmission model in which feedback is of great importance. The role of the leader is to create a shared goal in order to achieve consensus in the work for the safety of the patient. The purpose of this study was to analyze how formal leaders communicate knowledge, create consensus, and position themselves in relation to others in the team.Methods: Sixteen trauma teams were audio- and video-recorded during high fidelity training in an emergency department. Each team consisted of six members: one surgeon or emergency physician (the designated team leader), one anaesthesiologist, one nurse anaesthetist, one enrolled nurse from the theatre ward, one registered nurse and one enrolled nurse from the emergency department (ED). The communication was transcribed and analyzed, inspired by discourse psychology and Strauss’ concept of “negotiated order”. The data were organized and coded in NVivo 9.Results: The findings suggest that leaders use coercive, educational, discussing and negotiating strategies to work things through. The leaders in this study used different repertoires to convey their knowledge to the team, in order to create a common goal of the priorities of the work. Changes in repertoires were dependent on the urgency of the situation and the interaction between team members. When using these repertoires, the leaders positioned themselves in different ways, either on an authoritarian or a more egalitarian level.Conclusion: This study indicates that communication in trauma teams is complex and consists of more than just transferring messages quickly. It also concerns what the leaders express, and even more importantly, how they speak to and involve other team members.
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| 7. |
- Jacobsson, Maritha, 1960-
(författare)
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Terapeutens rätt : rättslig och terapeutisk logik i domstolsförhandlingar
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this dissertation, I explore a quite unique legal situation, namely administrative court hearings relating to coercive interventions: the Care of Young Persons Act (LVU), Care of Abusers (Special Provisions) Act (LVM), and the Compulsory Psychiatric Care Act (LPT). There are three central participatory roles in the court hearings: The official party is the authority who files the application for coercive intervention – either a chief psychiatrist or a social welfare board (typically represented by a social worker or sometimes a lawyer assisted by a social worker), whereas the citizen party is the person about whom the application is brought. The citizen party is represented by a legal representative. The professionals represent two different logics: therapeutic and judicial.The purpose of this dissertation has been to study the tension between therapeutic and judicial logic in court hearings relating to compulsory care. With theoretical concepts from Scott (1995) and Wetherell & Potter (1998), it is possible to say that the therapeutic and judicial logics are built up by institutional elements that are communicated through interpretative repertoires. Three questions are central:1. How do professional participators handle the different role expectations embedded in therapeutic and judicial logic? In this case, I am particularly interested in role conflicts faced by social workers and psychiatrists.2. How do different institutional elements (regulative, normative/cognitive) play out in the court hearings?3. To what extent can these court hearings be considered a scrutinizing order of discourse, where the arguments of official party are subjected to critical examination?In my analysis I am inspired by both critical discourse analysis and organizational theory, more precisely, new institutionalism. These two perspectives provide useful insights and make it possible to combine the micro- and macro levels in the analysis. Data for the analysis consist of 43 court hearings and 31 interviews, gathered from two different county administrative courts in Sweden. All written documents used and produced by the courts are also part of our data.The dissertation consists of five studies that indicate that the court hearings hardly can be described as a scrutinising order of discourse. In spite of this, the court constantly finds that the legal criteria for coercive intervention are satisfied. Neither the official party nor the legal representative argue according to a judicial logic. Instead, therapeutic logic dominates the order of discourse. When the arguments for compulsory care are therapeutic, they are not explicitly related to the criteria in the law. In my interpretation, the reason why the conflict between therapeutic and judicial logic is not realised can be found in the existence of a logic of normalisation. This ideological logic of normalisation can be found in most of the institutions in the Swedish society and are built on the idea of traditional welfare norms.
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| 10. |
- Jacobsson, Maritha, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Trovärdighet i våldtäktsmål : Metodproblem i jämförelser med manliga brottsoffer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nordic Police Seminar.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under senare år har rättssystemets hantering av våldtäktsmål varit föremål för kritik. Forskning har visat att få anmälda brott klaras upp och att brottsoffer ofta upplever sig ifrågasatta under polisutredning och domstolsförhandlingar. En invändning mot denna kritik är att bevisläget ofta är svårt i våldtäktsfall, särskilt om det saknas tydliga vittnesuppgifter.Vi påbörjar nu ett treårigt forskningsprojekt med det övergripande syftet att undersöka om och i så fall hur kvinnor som utsätts för våldtäkt med känd gärningsman diskrimineras i mötet med rättsapparaten. Detta syfte undersöks genom att jämföra våldtäktsmål med fall där en man utsatts för våldsbrott och frågan om offrets trovärdighet är central för bevisningen.Rättssystemets hantering av målen kommer att studeras dels i polisutredningar (förhörsprotokoll och andra utredningsdokument), dels i domstolsförhandlingar (protokoll, domar och videoupptagningar av vittnesförhör). Totalt studeras 12 våldtäktsmål och 12 med manliga brottsoffer i sin helhet, både polisutredning och domstolsförhandling och ytterligare 12 vardera av polisutredningar som inte resulterat i att åtal väckts. Därutöver genomförs intervjuer med samtliga målsäganden och ett urval av professionella.Syftet med denna presentation är att diskutera hur man bäst kan hitta mål som blir relevanta att jämföra. Det bör vara sådana där det finns en identifierad gärningsman men tydliga vittnesuppgifter och teknisk bevisning saknas – där ord står mot ord. De mål med manliga offer som vi primärt tänker oss rör sig om våldtäkt, misshandel, rån som bygger på hot, olaga hot eller övergrepp i rättssak. Problem kan finnas på flera nivåer: i validitet, dvs. om målen analytiskt är jämförbara; i frekvens, dvs. om jämförbara mål förekommer i tillräcklig utsträckning; i tillgänglighet; dvs. om det är administrativt och praktiskt möjligt att få tillgång till jämförbara mål; samt i etik, dvs. om det är etiskt försvarbart och möjligt att samla in data som är jämförbara.
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