| 1. |
- Dahlbom, L, et al.
(författare)
-
Gender and Overconfidence : Are Girls really overconfident?
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 18:4, s. 325-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research finds that people are overconfident and that men are more overconfident than women. Using a very precise confidence measure, this article shows, however, that whereas boys are overconfident, girls are actually underconfident regarding their mathematics performance. We conducted a survey where 14-year-old high school students were asked what grade they thought they would get in a mathematics test a week later. These results were then compared with their actual grade. Boys were overconfident about their grades, whereas girls were underconfident.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Jakobsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-Term Functional Outcome and Quality of Life After Surgical Evacuation of Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Results from a Swedish Nationwide Cohort
- 2022
-
Ingår i: World Neurosurgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-8750 .- 1878-8769. ; 70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate long-term survival, neurologic outcome, and quality of life in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) treated with craniotomy and hematoma evacuation. Methods: A nationwide multicenter retrospective analysis of 341 patients who underwent craniotomy and evacuation of supratentorial ICH between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015, was performed. Baseline characteristics associated with 6-month mortality and long-term mortality were investigated. Survivors received a questionnaire about their state of health from which EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) were obtained. Predictors of mortality, unfavorable outcome, and life quality were analyzed. Results: The mean follow-up time was 55.2 months. Predictors of 6-month mortality in multiple regression analysis were age ≥75 years, previous myocardial infarction, lower level of consciousness, and mechanical ventilation. Predictors of long-term mortality were higher age and mechanical ventilation. At follow-up, 49.5% of survivors had a favorable neurologic outcome (mRS ≤3). Predictors of an unfavorable functional outcome were higher age and ICH volume ≥50 mL. The mean EQ-5D health index was 0.719, and the mean EQ-5D visual analog scale score was 53.9. In multiple regression, only a higher mRS score was significantly associated with worse life quality. Conclusions: Knowledge about survival, functional outcome, and life quality as well as their predictors in this specific patient group is previously primarily described in short-term follow-up. This multicenter study provides novel information in the long-term perspective, which is important for improved surgical decision-making and prognostication.
|
|
| 4. |
- Jakobsson, Niklas, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Marriage: The Case of Scandinavia
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Homosexuality. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0091-8369 .- 1540-3602. ; 60:9, s. 1349-1360
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that explain attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Using recently collected Scandinavian data (from Norway and Sweden) with a high response rate, this study shows that gender, regular participation in religious activities, political ideology, education, whether the respondent lived in the capital city, and attitudes toward gender equality were important for attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Age and income were not important for attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Although both Norwegians and Swedes clearly favor same-sex marriage, Swedes are significantly more positive than Norwegians.
|
|
| 5. |
- Jansson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Range-based radar model structure selection
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 28th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2020 - Proceedings. - 2219-5491. - 9789082797053 ; 2021-January, s. 2269-2273
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we study under which circumstances it is appropriate to use simplified models for range determination using radar. Typically, pulsed radar systems result in the backscattered, demodulated, and matched signal having a chirp signal structure, with the frequency rate being related to the range to the reflecting target and the relative velocity of the transmitter and reflector. Far from the target, and at low relative velocities, one may achieve preferable location estimates by neglecting the frequency rate, treating the received signal as being purely sinusoidal, whereas at close range, neglecting the frequency rate notably reduces the achievable performance. Using misspecified estimation theory, we derive a lower bound of the achievable performance when neglecting the true signal structure, and show at which ranges one model is preferable to the other. Numerical results from a mm-wave radar system illustrate the results.
|
|
| 6. |
- Jansson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust Localization of Close-Range Radar Reflections
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Conference Record of the 57th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, ACSSC 2023. - 9798350325744 ; , s. 549-553
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to allow for a computationally efficient estimation of radar reflections, one commonly assumes the reflecting target to be in the far-field of the sensing array, such that the impinging wavefront is modeled as a linear phase-shift along the array. This works well in most radar scenarios, but causes significant performance degradation for close-range radar systems, wherein the curvature of the impinging wavefront may not be neglected. In this work, we examine how the used far-field assumption limits the resulting performance, illustrating how the (misspecified) Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB), taking the model mismatch into account, significantly devi-ates from the true CRLB for close-range targets. We further introduce a robust estimator that allows for the waveform cur-vature, showing that this computationally efficient estimator allows for superior performance for close-range reflectors.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ragnarsson, Oskar, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Illness perspectives in patients with primary aldosteronism.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The burden of symptoms and treatment in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), as well as the patients' experience of the health care is sparsely studied. The objectives of this study were to describe symptoms considered to be the most troublesome by patients with PA, and to explore health related worries and expectations following treatment.This was an explorative qualitative study where 25 patients with PA, diagnosed between 2017 and 2019, were included; 13 patients who had undergone adrenalectomy and 12 who were receiving medical treatment. Data was collected during six group interviews and analyzed using a thematic approach.Three main themes were identified: 1) Distress of the past, where the most important issues were struggle to receive a correct diagnosis, impaired well-being and the consumption of a large number of tablets, 2) Satisfaction after receiving a correct diagnosis, both in patients with unilateral and bilateral disease, but also dissatisfaction with lack of information about the disease, and 3) Future concerns, where worries about the long-term effects of PA on health in general dominated.Our findings illustrate several important issues related to PA where improvements in patient care are needed, including actions aiming at shortening the long diagnostic delay, a thorough information to the patients about the disease is of great importance, and that all patients with PA, regardless of treatment, would benefit from a structured long-term follow-up.
|
|
| 8. |
- Steg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
A Research Agenda to Better Understand the Human Dimensions of Energy Transitions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) have a key role to play in understanding which factors and policies would motivate, encourage and enable different actors to adopt a wide range of sustainable energy behaviours and support the required system changes and policies. The SSH can provide critical insights into how consumers could be empowered to consistently engage in sustainable energy behaviour, support and adopt new technologies, and support policies and changes in energy systems. Furthermore, they can increase our understanding of how organisations such as private and public institutions, and groups and associations of people can play a key role in the sustainable energy transition. We identify key questions to be addressed that have been identified by the Platform for Energy Research in the Socio-economic Nexus (PERSON, see person.eu), including SSH scholars who have been studying energy issues for many years. We identify three main research themes. The first research theme involves understanding which factors encourage different actors to engage in sustainable energy behaviour. The second research theme focuses on understanding which interventions can be effective in encouraging sustainable energy behaviour of different actors, and which factors enhance their effects. The third research theme concerns understanding which factors affect public and policy support for energy policy and changes in energy systems, and how important public concerns can best be addressed as to reduce or prevent resistance.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Adalbjörnsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Conjugate priors for Gaussian emission plsa recommender systems
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 2016 24th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2016. - 9780992862657 ; 2016-November, s. 2096-2100
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative filtering for recommender systems seeks to learn and predict user preferences for a collection of items by identifying similarities between users on the basis of their past interest or interaction with the items in question. In this work, we present a conjugate prior regularized extension of Hofmann's Gaussian emission probabilistic latent semantic analysis model, able to overcome the over-fitting problem restricting the performance of the earlier formulation. Furthermore, in experiments using the EachMovie and MovieLens data sets, it is shown that the proposed regularized model achieves significantly improved prediction accuracy of user preferences as compared to the latent semantic analysis model without priors.
|
|
