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- Aaltonen, H. Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Airspace dimension assessment with nanoparticles as a proposed biomarker for emphysema
- 2021
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 76:10, s. 1040-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Airspace dimension assessment with nanoparticles (AiDA) is a novel method to measure distal airspace radius non-invasively. In this study, AiDA radii were measured in 618 individuals from the population-based Swedish CArdiopulmonary BioImaging Study, SCAPIS. Subjects with emphysema detected by computed tomography were compared to non-emphysematous subjects. The 47 individuals with mainly mild-to-moderate visually detected emphysema had significantly larger AiDA radii, compared with non-emphysematous subjects (326±48 μm vs 291±36 μm); OR for emphysema per 10 μm: 1.22 (1.13-1.30, p<0.0001). Emphysema according to CT densitometry was similarly associated with larger radii compared with non-emphysematous CT examinations (316±41 μm vs 291 μm±26 μm); OR per 10 μm: 1.16 (1.08-1.24, p<0.0001). The results are in line with comparable studies. The results show that AiDA is a potential biomarker for emphysema in individuals in the general population.
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| 6. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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| 7. |
- Bond-Taylor, M., et al.
(författare)
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Posterior vitreous detachment - prevalence of and risk factors for retinal tears
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Ophthalmology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1177-5483. ; 11, s. 1689-1695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The present study aimed to describe clinical characteristics of patients with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), to determine the prevalence of retinal tears in PVD patients, and to find predictors for retinal tears in this patient group. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records on patients diagnosed with PVD, retinal tears, or vitreous hemorrhage at the Department of Ophthalmology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, a tertiary eye center. Results: Between February and July 2009, 365 patients consulted the Department of Ophthalmology for PVD-related symptoms. The incidence of retinal tears was 14.5% (n = 53) and that of vitreous and/or retinal hemorrhage was 22.7% (n= 83). For analysis of possible predictors for complications to PVD, patients diagnosed with retinal tears or vitreous hemorrhage between May and July 2009 were also included in the study, resulting in a total of 426 patients. Predictors of a retinal tear were symptoms of visual impairment (P = 0.024), the presence of vitreous or retinal hemorrhage at examination (P = 0.001), and a duration of symptoms for <24 hours (P = 0.004). Symptoms of flashes did not constitute an extra risk of retinal tears (P = 0.135). Subsequent retinal pathology (follow-up time 4.5 years), including vitreous detachment/hemorrhage or retinal tears/detachment, occurred more often in patients presenting with a retinal tear. For patients with a retinal tear, the relative risk of having a retinal detachment in the same eye during the follow-up time was 17.7 when compared to patients without a retinal tear (risk ratio 17.7, 95% confidence interval 2.2-145). Conclusion: Patients seeking care on the first day have a higher risk of retinal tears. Also, symptoms of visual loss or a history of previous PVD-related pathology and vitreous/retinal hemorrhage at examination indicate a substantially higher risk of retinal complications. These findings may lead to better management and order of priority among these patients.
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| 8. |
- Brinkmalm-Westman, Ann, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting synaptic pathology with a novel affinity mass spectrometry approach.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP. - 1535-9484. ; 13:10, s. 2584-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a novel strategy for studying synaptic pathology by concurrently measuring levels of four SNARE complex proteins from individual brain tissue samples. This method combines affinity purification and mass spectrometry and can be applied directly for studies of SNARE complex proteins in multiple species or modified to target other key elements in neuronal function. We use the technique to demonstrate altered levels of presynaptic proteins in Alzheimer disease patients and prion-infected mice.
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| 9. |
- Dalene, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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MDA in plasma as a biomarker of exposure to pyrolysed MDI-based polyurethane: correlations with estimated cumulated dose and genotype for N-acetylation
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - 1432-1246. ; 68:3, s. 9-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The object of this study was to investigate whether exposure of pipe-layers to thermal degradation products of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) could be assessed by analysing 4,4-methylenedianiline (MDA) in hydrolysed plasma and urine, and whether the genotype for N-acetylation affected these biomarker levels. Blood and urine samples were drawn from 30-pipe-layers who had been welding polyurethane (PUR) insulated pipes during the preceding 3 months. MDA in hydrolysed plasma and urine was determined with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique, and genotype for N-acetylation was analysed with a polymerase chain reaction technique. MDA in plasma was detected in 18 of the 30 pipe-layers. Their plasma concentrations of MDA varied from 0.05 to 8.48 micrograms/l. There was a significant negative correlation between time since last welding of PUR-insulated pipes and P-MDA (rs = 0.50, P = 0.005). There was also a significant positive correlation between the estimated number of welded PUR-insulated pipes during the preceding 3 months and P-MDA (rs = 0.68, P = < 0.001). No significant association between genotype of N-acetylation and P-MDA was observed in a multiple regression analysis when adjustment was made for the estimated cumulative exposure to thermal degradation products of MDI. MDA in urine was detected in only four of the 30 pipe-layers. These four subjects had been welding PUR pipes on the same day as the sampling, or on the day before. The present results indicate the spot plasma samples analysed for MDA may give a rather good estimate of exposure to MDI during the preceding months. P-MDA, but not U-MDA, therefore seems to be a useful biomarker of long-term exposure to MDI. The individual N-acetylation capacity did not affect the plasma levels of MDA.
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| 10. |
- Ek, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived workplace safety culture among Swedish electricians
- 2015
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accidents and injuries caused by electricity are work environment risks for electricians. About a 100 cases are reported annually to the Swedish Work Environment Authority. The safety culture at the electricians’ workplaces can affect the successfulness of safety management and the prevention of injuries. This paper presents preliminary questionnaire and interview findings on the perceived workplace safety culture of 523 male electricians who have experienced an electrical injury or accident. The results show a general need for increased safety awareness and motivation for safe work performance on different organisational levels. They also show a need for increased visibility of the management at the workplaces, increased commitment to safety, improved communication with the staff, and the need for increased reporting of incidents and experience feedback in order to achieve well-functioning learning for safety. The preliminary findings offer us a better understanding of the driving forces and barriers to efficient safety management and to safety culture improvements in this industry sector.
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