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- Alcacer, Cristina, et al.
(författare)
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Chemogenetic stimulation of striatal projection neurons modulates responses to Parkinson's disease therapy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 127:2, s. 720-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson's disease (PD) patients experience loss of normal motor function (hypokinesia), but can develop uncontrollable movements known as dyskinesia upon treatment with L-DOPA. Poverty or excess of movement in PD has been attributed to overactivity of striatal projection neurons forming either the indirect (iSPNs) or the direct (dSPNs) pathway, respectively. Here, we investigated the two pathways' contribution to different motor features using SPN type-specific chemogenetic stimulation in rodent models of PD (PD mice) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID mice). Using the activatory Gq-coupled human M3 muscarinic receptor (hM3Dq), we found that chemogenetic stimulation of dSPNs mimicked, while stimulation of iSPNs abolished the therapeutic action of L-DOPA in PD mice. In LID mice, hM3Dq stimulation of dSPNs exacerbated dyskinetic responses to L-DOPA, while stimulation of iSPNs inhibited these responses. In the absence of L-DOPA, only chemogenetic stimulation of dSPNs mediated through the Gs-coupled modified rat muscarinic M3 receptor (rM3Ds) induced appreciable dyskinesia in PD mice. Combining D2 receptor agonist treatment with rM3Ds-dSPN stimulation reproduced all symptoms of LID. These results demonstrate that dSPNs and iSPNs oppositely modulate both therapeutic and dyskinetic responses to dopamine replacement therapy in PD. We also show that chemogenetic stimulation of different signaling pathways in dSPNs leads to markedly different motor outcomes. Our findings have important implications for the design of effective antiparkinsonian and antidyskinetic drug therapies.
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- Brattwall, Metha, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Safe Perioperative Practice, How Can We Further Improve Clinical Every Day Work?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Perioperative & Critical Intensive Care Nursing. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2471-9870. ; 1:2, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anaesthesia has become reassuringly safe. All modern anaesthetic agents are effective and associated to only minor side effects, anaesthetic machines and monitors helps delivery and closely in real time observation of vital signs. Anaesthesia practice has expanded and includes today perioperative care, preoperative assessment and optimisation, anaesthesia and postoperative care. Following the postoperative course up to day 30 after surgery is today of increasing interest and importance to document value based perioperative. Interprofessional care where the perioperative nurse has a major commitment will help to further improve the perioperative process.
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- Brattwall, Metha, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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What can a mobile App add to improve quality of care, with focus on ambulatory surgery?
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. - : University of Buckingham Press. - 2052-5656 .- 2052-5648. ; 6:1, s. 20-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale, aims and objectives: Many surgical procedures are nowadays performed as ambulatory or short stay procedures, reducing hospital length of stay. Patient safety and quality of care remain imperative especially when adopting enhanced recovery pathways. Patients should be adequately informed and prepared prior to admission. Recovery is to a major extent dependent after discharge on self-care and thus techniques to follow the post-operative course after leaving hospital are warranted. Telemedicine has grown tremendously over recent years and the incorporation of mobile telephone app technology for the pre- and post-operative coaching of the ambulatory surgical patient may represent an effective means of assisting patients. The present paper presents a feasibility study of a mobile telephone app providing pre-operative information and following the post-operative recovery following day surgery. Method: Patients scheduled for elective day surgery were asked to participate, testing the app and to assess its usefulness on visual analogue scales. Results: Sixty-nine patients aged 18 to 73 years tested the app. Patients aged 30 to 50 where the most frequent users and patients < 30 less frequent. The app was in general assessed as useful and most users expressed an interest in the option of having an app as a source of information before undergoing a scheduled procedure. General pre-operative information was assessed as the most important. A willingness to submit follow-up information decreased rapidly, only 26 and 16 responded at day 10 and 30, respectively. Conclusion: A mobile telephone app is a feasible and appreciated tool for pre-operative information and coaching as part of person-centered healthcare, but its use for follow-up after discharge is challenging and requires further investigation.
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- Broberg, Thomas K, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-crash factors influencing drivers of older ages in intersection collisions
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury; Bern; Switzerland; 17 September 2008 through 19 September 2008. - 9783033015807 ; , s. 149-161
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to understand the driver needs from a preventive and protective perspective focusing on cognitive pre-crash factors influencing the older driver in intersection collisions. The study combines information from a statistical dataset and 33 in-depth cases. The statistical data confirms results from prior studies indicating that the 55+ drivers are relatively more involved in collisions occurring in intersections having an overall higher injury risk compared to the comparative group of drivers aged 25-35. The in-depth data indicates that missed observations were one major cause in the development of the collision scenarios studied. The major possible causes together with the contributing causes are analyzed and discussed.
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- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Colicky infants according to maternal reports in telephone interviews and diaries: a large Scandinavian study.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. - 1536-7312. ; 23:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this population-based study the colic incidence was 9.4%, according to telephone interviews with the parents made when the infants were 5 weeks of age (n = 1628), and parental concern about infant crying was common. However, 7-day diaries of colicky and control infants (n = 116 + 119) revealed low distress amounts in colicky infants in general. In the subgroup of Wessel-colicky infants (n = 37), distress episodes were frequent and long lasting, and there was a high proportion of colicky crying versus fussing and normal crying. Even if there may be a reduction in the infantile colic incidence and support for the hypothesis that infantile colic is at least partially "in the eye of the beholder," that is, the concerned parent, a subgroup of infants may be more "genuinely colicky." Women who had stated in late-pregnancy interviews that there is a risk of spoiling an infant with too much physical contact were more likely to have infants with colic, and their infants were more distressed, even when given the same amount of physical contact. This finding warrants further elucidation.
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- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Higher risk of colic in infants of nonmanual employee mothers with a demanding work situation in pregnancy.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 11:1, s. 37-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this population-based study, we assessed the relation between socioeconomic and psychosocial conditions in 1,094 pregnant women and subsequent infantile colic by means of self-administered questionnaires measuring exposures in the 17th pregnancy week and telephone interviews at infant age 5 weeks. There was a higher risk of colic in infants born to younger mothers, mothers with low instrumental support in pregnancy, and mothers with nonmanual occupations. Having an "active" job situation, that is, high demands and high decision latitude at work, acted synergistically with a nonmanual occupation, yielding even higher odds ratios for colic as did concomitant low instrumental support and nonmanual occupation. An expected synergy between low social participation and nonmanual occupation could not be demonstrated. Findings from gender-related research may partly explain some of these results.
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- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Infantile colic and the role of trait anxiety during pregnancy in relation to psychosocial and socioeconomic factors.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 33:1, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: A study was undertaken to assess the impact of psychological, psychosocial and socioeconomic factors on the risk of having a child with infantile colic. Methods: Psychosocial and psychological factors were assessed by self-administered questionnaires in the 17th, and by telephone interviews in the 35th—37th pregnancy weeks; infantile colic occurrence was assessed by telephone interviews at infant age 5 weeks; subjects were 1,099 mother—infant dyads. Results: High trait anxiety increased the colic risk; OR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.16, 3.59), and so did affirming a perceived risk of spoiling young infants with too much physical contact; OR 1.77 (1.07, 2.91). In the final step of a multivariate model, not cohabiting with the child's father was the factor with the strongest association with colic; OR 3.48 (1.38, 8.77). Analyses of effect modification showed that high education seemed to protect from the influence of high trait anxiety. Young women were particularly high in trait anxiety, and being exposed to both these risk factors seemed to act synergistically on the risk of having a colicky infant; OR 2.41 (1.12, 5.18). Conclusions: Psychological and psychosocial factors were found to be significantly related to an increased risk for infantile colic, and these factors interacted with age, parity, social support, and educational level in a complex manner. Even though no single most important psychosocial risk factor was identified, the findings lend support to the strategy of offering special attention in terms of information and support in the maternal healthcare system to very young women, women who do not cohabit with the father, and women with high trait anxiety.
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| 10. |
- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Infantile colic, maternal smoking and infant feeding at 5 weeks of age
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 36:3, s. 284-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many parents seek help from health professionals because of their infants' persistent crying in the early months. The aetiology of this condition, often labelled ``infantile colic'', is still unclear. Aims: To assess whether smoking during pregnancy, and/or smoking at infant age 5 weeks, is associated with infantile colic, and to describe how feeding at infant age 5 weeks and smoking are related to colic. Methods: This was a community-based study, with telephone interviews in late pregnancy, and at infant age 5 weeks, covering 1,625 mother—infant dyads, i.e. 86% of the eligible population. Results: Daily maternal smoking in pregnancy was related to subsequent colic, with an age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.74 (95% confidence interval 1.08—2.82). In the multivariate model, the OR was largely unaltered. The association between smoking at infant age 5 weeks and colic did not reach statistical significance. The subgroups based on smoking and infant feeding were small, but the results suggest that exclusive breast-feeding was protective against colic, including for infants of smoking mothers. Conclusions: This study presents yet another argument why smoking in pregnancy should be discouraged — some cases of infantile colic may be avoided. With regard to mothers who are not able to give up smoking, the results add some support for the conclusion that if a mother is worried about colic, she certainly should not refrain from breast-feeding even if she smokes.
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