| 1. |
- Edborg, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Livsmedelsindustrins matavfall
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I studien har vi kartlagt uppkomst och hantering år 2009 av biprodukter och matavfall och jämförligt avfall från livsmedelsindustrin.Mängden matavfall uppgick till 534 000 ton och mängden biprodukter till 1 300 000 ton.Det mesta av avfallet har behandlats biologiskt genom rötning och kompostering, nämligen 288 000 ton respektive 93 000 ton, dvs. totalt 71 %. Endast 46 000 ton,8 %, behandlades genom förbränning eller deponering, medan resten behandlats genom annan typ av återvinning, t.ex. spannmålsrester till pellets, vegetabiliskt fett till biodiesel eller gödsel på åkrar. Det avfall som förbrändes var spannmålsavrens, animaliska biprodukter kategori 1 och mindre mängder av kasserade chips.Förutom det egentliga avfallet har det uppkommit stora mängder biprodukter inom livsmedelsindustrin, 1,3 miljoner ton. Övervägande del av biprodukterna har använts till djurfoder, 95 %. Biprodukterna uppkommer i de flesta delbranscher inom livsmedelsindustrin, såsom foder- eller gränsmjölk från mjölkindustrin, fisk- och skaldjursrens till minkfoder från fiskberedningsindustrin och slaktavfall från slakterier.Av resultatet kan man dra följande slutsatser:1. Det är 71 % som behandlas biologiskt samt ytterligare ca 5 % som kan användas som gödselmedel utan föregående behandling. Det är dock en relativt stor andel av återstående avfall där det är svårt att säga om biologisk behandling är lämpligaste metoden.2. Av det som används som bränsle eller materialåtervinns är det en del som möjligen skulle kunna behandlas biologiskt. Det skulle behövas ett klargörande av hur man ska ställa sig till torra energirika material (spannmålsavrens) eller fetter som används till bränsle. Är det beslutsfattarnas mening att detta ska behandlas biologiskt, eller är återvinning eller användning som bränsle en godtagbar behandling?I projektet ingick även att ta fram uppgifter avseende 2009 för att kunna användas till rapporteringen WStatR 2012. Förutom matavfall uppkom enligt denna undersökning 29 000 ton farligt och 879 000 ton icke-farligt avfall inom livsmedelsindustrin.
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| 2. |
- Hajjari, Parisa, et al.
(författare)
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Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): comprehensive open-label trial in ten children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Bmc Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) has for many years been used on clinical indications, but the research evidence for its efficacy is insufficient. Methods Open-label prospective in-depth trial including ten children (median age 10.3 years) with PANS, who received IVIG treatment 2 g/kg monthly for three months. Primary outcomes were changes in symptom severity and impairment from baseline to first and second follow-up visits one month after first and one month after third treatment, using three investigator-rated scales: Paediatric Acute Neuropsychiatric Symptom (PANS) scale, Clinical Global Impression - Severity and Improvement (CGI-S and CGI-I) scales. Secondary outcomes reported here were changes in Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) scores, and side effects. Results All ten children received three treatments at one-month intervals according to study plan. From baseline to second follow-up marked reductions were seen in mean total PANS scale scores (p = .005), and CGI-S scores (p = .004). CGI-I ratings showed much to very much global improvement (mean CGI-I 1.8). Nine children had clinical response defined as > 30% reduction in PANS Scale scores. Improvements were also noted for CY-BOCS scores (p = .005), and in school attendance. Three children suffered moderate to severe temporary side effects after the first treatment, and the remaining seven had mild to moderate side effects. Side effects were much less severe after second and third treatments. Conclusions Considerable and pervasive improvements in symptoms and clinical impairments were seen in these ten children after three monthly IVIG treatments. Moderate to severe transient side effects occurred in three cases.
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| 3. |
- Johnson, Mats, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term medication for ADHD and development of cognitive functions in children and adolescents
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3956. ; 142, s. 204-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Long-term effects of ADHD medication on cognitive functions are not well known. This study investigates development of cognitive functions and ADHD symptoms on well-controlled medication for 1 year in children and adolescents. Study design: This study is part of an ongoing open uncontrolled trial of long-term medication for ADHD in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years with any form of ADHD, and frequently comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD, 29%) or autistic traits (24%). Other comorbidities were oppositional defiant disorder, dyslexia/ language disorder, borderline intellectual functioning, developmental coordination disorder. This analysis includes 87 participants (61 boys, 26 girls) who completed Wechsler tests at baseline and after 12 months. ADHD symptoms were investigator-rated on the ADHD Rating Scale-IV at the same time points. Results: The whole group of children and adolescents showed significant improvements in Wechsler Full Scale IQ (FSIQ, mean at baseline 92.6, at 12 months 97.95), and on the Index Scales Verbal Comprehension, Working Memory and Processing Speed, after one year of well-controlled ADHD medication. Comorbid dyslexia/language impairment predicted a larger rise in FSIQ, but not gender, ADHD presentation or comorbid ASD. Robust improvements in ADHD symptoms were observed (mean ADHD-Rating Scale score at baseline 34.6, and at 12 months 18.3). Conclusions: Cognitive test scores and ADHD symptoms were improved on well-controlled medication for 1 year in children and adolescents with ADHD, autism and other comorbidities. The main study limitation is the open uncontrolled trial design.
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| 4. |
- Johnson, Mats, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term medication for ADHD (LMA) trial: 2-year prospective observational study in children and adolescents. Core symptoms, daily functioning, and comorbidity outcomes
- 2024
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE. - 0940-1334 .- 1433-8491.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More knowledge is needed about long-term ADHD medication and symptom, daily functioning, comorbidity, and tolerability outcomes. This "Long-term Medication for ADHD (LMA) trial" was a prospective observational 2-year trial in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years (extension of 1-year trial). Participants met criteria for DSM-5 ADHD (inattentive or combined), with complex comorbidities; autism spectrum disorder (31%), autistic traits (24%), oppositional symptoms (59%), anxiety (32%), dyslexia/language disorder (16%), borderline intellectual functioning (17%). Medication was individually tailored and followed-up at clinical visits (1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months). Primary outcome: Clinical Global Impression-Severity and Improvement scales (CGI-S, CGI-I). Secondary outcomes: Investigator-rated ADHD-Rating Scale, Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent report (WFIRS-P; Family, School Learning and Behavior, Life Skills, Self-Concept, Social Activities, and Risky Activities domains), comorbidity symptoms and adverse events (AEs). One hundred twenty-eight participants were enrolled (1-year trial only n = 27, LMA trial n = 101). Of these 29 (23%) discontinued, mainly due to AEs (n = 7), moving (n = 7), or no longer needing medication (n = 6). Main AEs were poor appetite, low mood, anxiety, irritability, fatigue. Improvements from baseline to 2 years were large in CGI-S (effect size (ES) 2.28), ADHD-RS (ES 2.06), and moderate to large in WFIRS-P (ES total 0.73, learning 0.4, family 0.67). Overall, the trial showed robust and sustained improvements in ADHD symptom severity and daily functioning over a period of 2 years of ADHD medication in children and adolescents with ADHD and complex comorbidities. Most AEs were mild. Comorbidity symptoms were improved after 1 year, particularly oppositional symptoms, depression, and anxiety.
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| 5. |
- Magnusson, Gunilla, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of screening procedures for congenital cataracts.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 92:12, s. 1468-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of two different Swedish screening procedures for early detection of congenital cataracts in comparison with no screening. METHODS: Children born between January 1992 and December 1998 in Swedish regions with an established eye-screening routine procedure, diagnosed with congenital cataract, and operated on before 1 y of age, were included in a retrospective study. Age at referral and age at time of the operation were compared between regions using different screening procedures: screening in the maternity wards (Region 1), at the well-baby clinics (Region 2) and one region without any screening (Region 3). RESULTS: Seventy-two children were included in the study. Concerning early diagnosis and surgery, Region 1 differed significantly from Regions 2 and 3, which were more similar and were combined for further analysis. The difference in detected cases was greatest at 21 d of age (55% vs 18%; p < 0.001), but persisted even at 100 d of age (78% vs 64%; p < 0.02). Region 1 screening resulted in more and earlier cases detected than the other two regions (22 vs 15 per 100,000 births). In 72% of all cases, surgery was performed in response to referrals from either the maternity wards (36%), or the well-baby clinics (36%). However, half of the cases from the well-baby clinics were detected too late, i.e. at > 100 d. CONCLUSION: Eye screening in the maternity ward is preferable to well-baby clinic screening and to no screening at all, since it leads to early detection. Screening should also be performed routinely at well-baby clinics within the period when successful treatment is possible.
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| 6. |
- Petersson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustofluidic hematocrit determination
- 2018
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670. ; 1000, s. 199-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hematocrit (HCT) measurements of blood from patients, blood donors and athletes are routinely performed on a daily basis. These measurements are often performed in centralized hospital labs by whole blood analyzers, which leads to long time-to-result. On site measurements, based on centrifugation can be done, but these assays require manual handling, are slow and can just measure HCT in contrast to the central lab whole blood analyzers. In this work, we present a microfluidic based method to measure HCT in blood samples by acoustic separation of whole blood into discrete regions of plasma and red blood cells. Comparison of the areas of the red blood cell and plasma regions gives an accurate HCT value, with a linear correlation to the centrifugation-based reference method. A readout can be performed within 2 s of acoustic actuation providing a readout accuracy of approximately 3% points (pp) HCT. Additional accuracy can be achieved by extending the acoustic actuation to 20 s, yielding an error of less than 1 pp HCT. This acoustic tool is optimal for integration into a lab-on-a-chip device with in-line measurements of different clinical parameters.
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| 7. |
- Petersson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty second acoustofluidic whole blood hematocrit assay
- 2016
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Ingår i: 20th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2016. - 9780979806490 ; , s. 635-636
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This abstract reports a novel acoustofluidic method to measure the hematocrit level of a whole blood sample within 20 seconds. The method is substantially faster than conventional centrifugation methods, has no moving parts and can be fully automated and integrated with further unit operations for analysis of blood samples at the point of care [1].
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| 8. |
- Roos Ljungberg, Karin, 1988-
(författare)
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Secretory Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease in which autoantibodies, such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), can be detected in the serum of patients. Autoantibodies may appear in the circulation years before clinical signs of joint inflammation occur, indicating that early immunological pathogenetic steps take place outside of the joints. Although many of these mechanisms are currently unknown, the initial events leading up to ACPA production are thought to occur at mucosal surfaces. In this thesis, mucosa-associated secretory ACPA are investigated in the circulation and in local mucosal secretions to: (i) improve the understanding of the mucosal connection in RA; and (ii) investigate whether these antibodies can improve diagnostics and prognostics in early RA. We identified circulating secretory component containing (SC) ACPA in a subpopulation of patients (both early and established RA) and at-risk patients, with a prevalence of 16%-21%. In addition, SC ACPA was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgA ACPA in saliva, indicating local production in the lungs and in the oral cavity. In at-risk patients who were positive for IgG ACPA, we found that the levels of circulating SC ACPA at inclusion predicted arthritis development. Circulating SC ACPA was associated with higher disease activity, including increased levels of inflammatory markers, in patients with early RA. Levels of circulating SC ACPA were associated with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings (parenchymal lung abnormalities and bronchiectasis) and smoking, but not with risk genes (shared epitope). We confirmed the presence of salivary ACPA and identified a novel association with increased disease activity and functional disability. In summary, SC ACPA is present in the sera of patients with RA who manifest different phases of the disease, and we found associations with arthritis onset, smoking, systemic inflammation, and lung abnormalities. SC ACPA is also detectable in mucosal secretions from the lungs and the oral cavity. These findings suggest that mucosal ACPA production may be an important factor in RA development and progression, and that serum SC ACPA should be further evaluated as a prognostic marker for disease onset among at-risk individuals.
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