| 1. |
- Arnetz, Judith E., et al.
(författare)
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Preventing Patient-to-Worker Violence in Hospitals : Outcome of a Randomized Controlled Intervention
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:1, s. 18-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of a randomized controlled intervention on the incidence of patient-to-worker (Type II) violence and related injury in hospitals. Methods: Forty-one units across seven hospitals were randomized into intervention (n = 21) and control (n = 20) groups. Intervention units received unit-level violence data to facilitate development of an action plan for violence prevention; no data were presented to control units. Main outcomes were rates of violent events and injuries across study groups over time. Results: Six months post-intervention, incident rate ratios of violent events were significantly lower on intervention units compared with controls (incident rate ratio [IRR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29 to 0.80). At 24 months, the risk for violence-related injury was lower on intervention units, compared with controls (IRR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.83). Conclusions: This data-driven, worksite-based intervention was effective in decreasing risks of patient-to-worker violence and related injury.
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| 2. |
- Hamblin, Lydia E., et al.
(författare)
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Worksite Walkthrough Intervention : Data-driven Prevention of Workplace Violence on Hospital Units
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:9, s. 875-884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the implementation of a data-driven, unit-based walkthrough intervention shown to be effective in reducing the risk of workplace violence in hospitals.Methods: A structured worksite walkthrough was conducted on 21 hospital units. Unit-level workplace violence data were reviewed and a checklist of possible prevention strategies and an Action Plan form guided development of unit-specific intervention. Unit supervisor perceptions of the walkthrough and implemented prevention strategies were reported via questionnaires. Prevention strategies were categorized as environmental, behavioral, or administrative.Results: A majority of units implemented strategies within 12 months' postintervention. Participants found the walkthrough useful, practical, and worthy of continued use.Conclusions: Structured worksite walkthroughs provide a feasible method for workplace violence reduction in hospitals. Core elements are standardized yet flexible, promoting fidelity and transferability of this intervention.
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| 3. |
- Jamil, Hikmet, et al.
(författare)
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Do Household Smoking Behaviors Constitute a Risk Factor for Hookah Use?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nicotine & tobacco research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-2203 .- 1469-994X. ; 13:5, s. 384-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Much research has focused on the role played by families in cigarette smoking behavior. However, there is a lack of such research for hookah (waterpipe) smoking. This study focuses on the role of family members' hookah smoking behaviors as a possible risk factor for hookah smoking. Methods: Eight hundred and one adults in southeast Michigan responded to an anonymous self-administered survey regarding personal and family members' hookah smoking behavior and perceptions of health risks related to hookah smoking. Multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to examine risk factors for hookah use. Results The prevalence of current hookah smoking in the study population was 26%. The odds ratio for an individual to smoke hookah were 9.5 (95% CI = 2.37-38.47, p < .01), 8.6 (95% CI = 3.92-19.02, p < .001), and 1.2 (95% CI = 1.14-1.41, p < .05) if the father, mother, or sibling, respectively, smoked hookah at home. Male gender and younger age were also significantly associated with hookah smoking. Household hookah smoking behaviors were also significant risk factors among former hookah smokers compared with nonsmokers, but there were no significant risk factors when comparing former hookah smokers with current hookah smokers. Conclusions: Having a father, mother, or sibling smoking hookah at home, male gender and younger age are significant risk factors for current hookah smoking.
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| 4. |
- Maghout Juratli, Sham, et al.
(författare)
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Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with perceived stress in the primary care setting : a MetroNet study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Family Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0263-2136 .- 1460-2229. ; 28:2, s. 156-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Stress and stress-related disorders are common in primary care. The stress-related needs for patients are often unmet partially due to the time and resource constraints inherent to many primary care settings. We examined the relative significance of key demographic and lifestyle factors related to stress among primary care patients. This information is unknown and needed to strategize these increasingly limited resources.METHODS: We distributed surveys to 100 consecutive adult patients in each of four family medicine centres in metropolitan Detroit between 2006 and 2007. Hierarchical multivariable regression analyses were used to assess the relative significance of the demographic and lifestyle factors related to stress.RESULTS: Of the 400 distributed surveys, 315 (78.7%) answered a minimum of 70% of the questions and were included in the analysis. The lifestyle factors [exercise, body mass index (BMI), sleep, social support, recovery or self-care skills (such as the ability to rest, relax and recuperate)] explained 39% (P < 0.001) of the variance in stress compared to 10% (P < 0.001) by the demographic factors (age, gender, race, employment, education and marital status). Stress was inversely related to sleep (P < 0.001), recovery (P < 0.001) and social support (P = 0.02) and positively to education (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The modifiable lifestyle factors explained significantly more of perceived stress among primary care patients than the demographic factors. Sleep and recovery had the biggest inverse relationship with stress, which suggests that they should be the primary target for assessment and intervention in patients who report stress or stress-related disorders.
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| 5. |
- Maghout-Juratli, Sham, et al.
(författare)
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The causal role of fatigue in the stress-perceived health relationship : a MetroNet study.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. - : American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM). - 1557-2625 .- 1558-7118. ; 23:2, s. 212-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 4 primary care MetroNet centers in metropolitan Detroit. Our objective was to describe the causal role of fatigue in the relationship among stress, stress resiliency, and perceived health in primary care. Fatigue is a public health problem that has been linked to stress and poor health. The causal role of fatigue between stress and perceived health is unknown. METHODS: Four hundred surveys were distributed to adult patients in 4 primary care centers in metropolitan Detroit between 2006 and 2007. Internal consistency reliabilities and principal factor analyses were calculated for the key psychological scales. Perceived health is the primary outcome. Path models were used to study the relationship among stress, fatigue, and perceived health. We also modeled the impact of select stress resiliency factors including sleep, recovery, and social support. RESULTS: Of the 400 distributed surveys, 315 (78.7%) had a response rate of 70% or more and were included in the analysis. Respondents were predominantly middle aged (median age, 43 years); female (58.7%); and African American (52.0%). The majority worked full time (56.5%); did not have a college degree (77.7%); and were not married (55.2%). Fatigue was reported by 59% of respondents, 42.7% of which was unexplained. The path model supported the causal role of fatigue between stress and perceived health. The positive effects of sleep, recovery, and social support on fatigue, stress, and perceived health were validated. CONCLUSION: Fatigue was common in this metropolitan primary care environment and completely mediated the relationship between stress and poor perceived health. Therefore, stress, when significant enough to cause fatigue, may lead to poor health.
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