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| 2. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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A registry-based randomised trial comparing an SGLT2 inhibitor and metformin as standard treatment of early stage type 2 diabetes (SMARTEST): Rationale, design and protocol
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1056-8727 .- 1873-460X. ; 35:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce cardiovascular and renal complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients at high cardiovascular risk. Metformin is currently widely used as initial monotherapy in T2D but lacks convincing data to show that it reduces risk of complications. We aim to compare the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin and metformin as first-line T2D medication with regard to development of complications in a registry-based randomised controlled trial. Methods: The SGLT2 inhibitor or metformin as standard treatment of early stage type 2 diabetes (SMARTEST) trial will enrol 4300 subjects at 30-40 study sites in Sweden who will be randomised 1:1 to either metformin or dapagliflozin. Participants must have T2D duration <4 years, no prior cardiovascular disease, and be either drug-naive or on monotherapy for T2D. Results: The primary endpoint is a composite of all-cause death, major adverse cardiovascular events and occurrence or progression of microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, diabetic foot lesions). Secondary endpoints include individual components of the primary endpoint, start of insulin therapy, risk factor biomarkers, patient-reported outcome measures, and cost-effectiveness analysis. Outcomes will primarily be assessed using nationwide healthcare registries. Conclusions: The SMARTEST trial will investigate whether dapagliflozin is superior to metformin in preventing complications in early stage T2D. (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03982381, EudraCT 2019-001046-17).
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Absence of the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II - effects on photosynthesis, grana stacking and fitness
- 2003
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Ingår i: The Plant Journal. - : Wiley. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 35:3, s. 350-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have constructed Arabidopsis thaliana plants that are virtually devoid of the major light-harvesting complex, LHC II. This was accomplished by introducing the Lhcb2.1 coding region in the antisense orientation into the genome by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 were absent, while Lhcb3, a protein present in LHC II associated with photosystem (PS) II, was retained. Plants had a pale green appearance and showed reduced chlorophyll content and an elevated chlorophyll a/b ratio. The content of PS II reaction centres was unchanged on a leaf area basis, but there was evidence for increases in the relative levels of other light harvesting proteins, notably CP26, associated with PS II, and Lhca4, associated with PS I. Electron microscopy showed the presence of grana. Photosynthetic rates at saturating irradiance were the same in wild-type and antisense plants, but there was a 10-15% reduction in quantum yield that reflected the decrease in light absorption by the leaf. The antisense plants were not able to perform state transitions, and their capacity for non-photochemical quenching was reduced. There was no difference in growth between wild-type and antisense plants under controlled climate conditions, but the antisense plants performed worse compared to the wild type in the field, with decreases in seed production of up to 70%.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Antisense inhibition of the photosynthetic antenna proteins CP29 and CP26 : implications for the mechanism of protective energy dissipation
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Plant Cell. - : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 13:5, s. 1193-1204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The specific roles of the chlorophyll a/b binding proteins CP29 and CP26 in light harvesting and energy dissipation within the photosynthetic apparatus have been investigated. Arabidopsis was transformed with antisense constructs against the genes encoding the CP29 or CP26 apoprotein, which gave rise to several transgenic lines with remarkably low amounts of the antisense target proteins. The decrease in the level of CP24 protein in the CP29 antisense lines indicates a physical interaction between these complexes. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence showed that removal of the proteins affected photosystem II function, probably as a result of changes in the organization of the light-harvesting antenna. However, whole plant measurements showed that overall photosynthetic rates were similar to those in the wild type. Both antisense lines were capable of the qE type of nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching, although there were minor changes in the capacity for quenching and in its induction kinetics. High-light-induced violaxanthin deepoxidation to zeaxanthin was not affected, although the pool size of these pigments was decreased slightly. We conclude that CP29 and CP26 are unlikely to be sites for nonphotochemical quenching.
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| 5. |
- Blomdin, Robin, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Glacial geomorphology of the Altai and Western Sayan Mountains, Central Asia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Maps. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-5647. ; 12:1, s. 123-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we present a map of the glacial geomorphology of the Altai andWestern Sayan Mountains, covering an area of almost 600,000 km2. Although numerous studies provide evidence for restricted Pleistocene glaciations in this area, others have hypothesized the past existence of an extensive ice sheet. To provide a framework for accurate glacial reconstructions of the Altai and Western Sayan Mountains, we present a map at a scale of 1:1,000,000 based on a mapping from 30 m resolution ASTER DEM and 15 m/30 mresolution Landsat ETM+ satellite imagery. Four landform classes have been mapped: marginal moraines, glacial lineations, hummocky terrain, and glacial valleys. Our mapping reveals an abundance of glacial erosional and depositional landforms. The distribution of these glacial landforms indicates that the Altai and Western Sayan Mountains have experienced predominantly alpine-style glaciations, with some small ice caps centred on the higher mountain peaks. Large marginal moraine complexes mark glacial advances in intermontane basins. By tracing the outer limits of present-day glaciers, glacial valleys, and moraines, we estimate that the past glacier coverage have totalled to 65,000 km2 (10.9% of the mapped area), whereas present-day glacier coverage totals only 1300 km2 (0.2% of the mapped area). This demonstrates the usefulness of remote sensing techniques for mapping the glacial geomorphology in remote mountain areas and for quantifying the past glacier dimensions. The glacial geomorphological map presented here will be used for further detailed reconstructions of the paleoglaciology and paleoclimate of the region.
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| 6. |
- Blomdin, Robin, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Paleoglaciation on opposite flanks of the Ikh-Turgen Mountains, Central Asia : Importance of style of moraine deposition for 10-Be surface exposure dating
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ages of marginal moraines that record extensive glacier expansions across the Altai Mountains of Central Asia are poorly documented. We present 18 10Be exposure ages from moraines in valleys on opposite flanks of the Ikh-Turgen Mountains. On the eastern side, exposure ages from a latero-frontal moraine indicate deglaciation during MIS 3 (45.3±2.7 ka) and MIS 2 (22.8±3.5 ka). Corresponding exposure ages, from the western side, indicate a more complex story with large scatter (~14-53 ka). Owing to their close proximity, the paleoglaciers should have responded similarly to climate forcing, yet they exhibited a distinctly different behavior. We propose that differences in glacier dynamics caused differences in ice-marginal depositional environments, explaining the scatter in exposure ages on the western side. This study shows the importance of style of deposition in chronological studies of glacial landforms and demonstrates that certain moraine types can be difficult to use as paleoclimate proxies.
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| 7. |
- Blomdin, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Timing and dynamics of glaciation in the Ikh Turgen Mountains, Altai region, High Asia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Quaternary Geochronology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1014 .- 1878-0350. ; 47, s. 54-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spanning the northern sector of High Asia, the Altai region contains a rich landform record of glaciation. We report the extent, chronologies, and dynamics of two paleoglaciers on opposite flanks of the Ikh Turgen mountains (In Russian: Chikhacheva Range), straddling the border between Russia and Mongolia, using a combination of remote sensing-based glacial geomorphological mapping, 10Be surface exposure dating, and geomorphometric analysis. On the eastern side (Mongolia), the Turgen-Asgat paleoglacier, with its potential for developing a large accumulation area (∼257 km2), expanded 40 km down valley, and mean ages from a latero-frontal moraine indicate deglaciation during marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 3 (45.1 ± 1.8 ka, n = 4) and MIS 2 (22.8 ± 3.3 ka, n = 5). These minimum age constraints are consistent with other 10Be glacial chronologies and paleoclimate records from the region, which indicates glacier culmination during cold and wet conditions coinciding with MIS 3 (piedmont-style glaciation; inferred for a few sites across the region) and glacier culmination during cold and dry conditions coinciding with MIS 2 (mainly valley-style glaciation; inferred from several sites across the region). On the western side (Russia), the Boguty paleoglacier had a smaller accumulation area (∼222 km2), and advanced 30 km down valley across a low gradient forefield. Surface exposure ages from two moraine complexes on this side of the mountains exhibit wide scatter (∼14–53 ka, n = 8), making paleoclimate inferences and comparison to other proxies difficult. Ice surface profile reconstructions imply that the two paleoglaciers likely shared an ice divide. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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| 8. |
- Blomdin, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Timing of the deglaciation in Southern Patagonia : testing the applicability of k feldspar irsl
- 2012
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Ingår i: Quaternary Geochronology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1014 .- 1878-0350. ; 10, s. 264-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The timing of the ice margin retreat of the Late Glacial Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS) in southern Patagonia has been the object of discussion for many years. In order to resolve questions about the complex response of the PIS to past climate change, any geological interpretation and data modelling need evaluation against an absolute chronology. The aim of this project is to investigate the applicability of OSL dating to sediments from southern Patagonia; in particular, we examine the dating potential of K-feldspar IRSL signals. Samples were collected from landforms interpreted as being deposited during deglaciation of the PIS, with an expected age range of 17 and 22 ka, and from recently deposited sediment. We measure small aliquots and single grain distributions using an IR50 SAR protocol with IRSL stimulation at 50 degrees C following a preheat at 250 degrees C (held for 60 s). Uncertainties are assigned to our individual dose estimates based on the over-dispersion (OD) observed in laboratory gamma dose recovery experiments (22% for small aliquots and 18% for single grains). Then the possible effects of incomplete bleaching and differential fading are examined. For our natural samples we observe environmental ODs between 30 and 130% and mean residual doses between similar to 30 and 80 Gy. Minimum age models are used to identify the part of the dose population that is most likely to have been well-bleached and results from these models are compared. The models give ages that are consistent with each other; this may imply that they successfully identified the fully-bleached grains in the distributions, although there are some discrepancies between our small aliquot and single grain data. We observe large fading rates (on average 7.9 +/- 0.6%/decade for large aliquots) but nevertheless a comparison of our fading corrected ages with the expected age range shows that 2 out of 3 ages are consistent with geological interpretation and an established radiocarbon and cosmogenic nuclide chronology. We conclude that these investigations suggest that fading corrections can be based on laboratory average small aliquot/single grain fading rates. The third age is supported by an alternative geological interpretation, and the two ages consistent with the existing chronology imply that in the Strait of the Magellan the hills of the Brunswick peninsula (>70 m.a.s.l) were deglaciated at around 22 ka.
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| 9. |
- Bohlin, Karl, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Karbonatisering av slagg- och flygaskebetong - och dess inverkan på transportegenskaper
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bygg och teknik. ; :7, s. 48-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Betong som innehåller alternativa bindemedel har en rad önskvärda och positiva egenskaper, vilka bland andra är mindre koldioxidutsläpp, lägre värmeutveckling och högre motståndskraft mot syra-, sulfat- och kloridattack. Dock kan alternativa bindemedel också påverka andra egenskaper, t.ex. ökad karbonatiseringshastighet eller reducerad hållfasthet. För att analysera dessa egenskaper har en studie där inverkan av karbonatisering hos betong med slagg och flygaska genomförts. Hur karbonatiseringen i sin tur påverkar transportegenskaper hos betongen har också undersökts. Syftet var att genomföra en förstudie med accelererade karbonatiseringstester för att ge en större förståelse om effekterna av mineraliska tillsatsmaterial.
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| 10. |
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