| 1. |
- Cabioch, Thierry, et al.
(författare)
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Structural investigation of substoichiometry and solid solution effects in Ti2Al(C-x,N1-x)(y) compounds
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 32:8, s. 1803-1811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The milling, cold compaction and thermal annealing (4 h-1400 degrees C-Ar flow) of Ti, TiC, Al and AlN powders were used to produce Ti2Al(CxN(1-x))(y) compounds with x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 0.7 andlt;= y andlt;= 1. X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy observations combined with microanalysis confirmed the formation of the almost pure Ti(2)A/CxN(1-x) carbonitrides for y=1 whereas increasing amounts of titanium aluminides were formed when y decreases. Proportions of the different phases deduced from Rietveld refinements of the X-ray diffractograms indicate that no or very poor substoichiometry in carbon was possible in carbide whereas C and N deficiency can be achieved in nitrides and carbonitrides Ti2AlCxN(1-x). Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy investigations confirm that carbonitrides can have at least 20% of vacancies on the C or N site. The a lattice parameter varies linearly with x whereas it is not the case for the c lattice parameter, its values being lower for the carbonitrides. Furthermore, a strong broadening of the carbonitrides XRD peaks is observed, a phenomenon that can be mainly attributed to C and N concentration gradients inside the samples.
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| 2. |
- Cabioch, Thierry, et al.
(författare)
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Tailoring of the thermal expansion of Cr2(Alx,Ge1−x)C phases
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 33:4, s. 897-904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report thermal expansion coefficients of the end members and solid-solution compounds in the Cr2(Alx,Ge1−x)C system. All samples studied were essentially phase-pure Cr2AlxGe1−xC except the Cr2GeC sample, which contained a substantial fraction of Cr5Ge3Cx. X-ray diffraction performed in the 25–800 °C temperature range shows that the in-plane thermal expansion remains essentially constant at about 14 ± 1 × 10−6 K−1 irrespective of Al content. The thermal expansion of the c axis decreases monotonically from 17 ± 1 × 10−6 K−1 for Cr2GeC to ∼12 ± 1 × 10−6 K−1 with increasing Al content. At around the Cr2(Al0.75,Ge0.25)C composition, the thermal expansion coefficients along the two directions are equal; a useful property to minimize thermal residual stresses. This study thus demonstrates that a solid-solution approach is a route for tuning a physical property like the thermal expansion. For completeness, we also include a structure description of the Cr5Ge3Cx phase, which has been reported before but is not well documented. Its space group is P63/mcm and its a and c lattice parameters are 7.14 Å and 4.88 Å, respectively. We also measured the thermal expansion coefficients of the Cr5Ge3Cx phase. They are found to be 16.3 × 10−6 K−1 and 28.4 × 10−6 K−1 along the a and c axes, respectively. Thus, the thermal expansion coefficients of Cr5Ge3Cx are highly anisotropic and considerably larger than those of the Cr2(Alx,Ge1−x)C phases.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Epitaxial growth and electrical transport properties of Cr(2)GeC thin films
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 84:7, s. 075424-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cr(2)GeC thin films were grown by magnetron sputtering from elemental targets. Phase-pure Cr(2)GeC was grown directly onto Al(2)O(3)(0001) at temperatures of 700-800 degrees C. These films have an epitaxial component with the well-known epitaxial relationship Cr(2)GeC(0001)//Al(2)O(3)(0001) and Cr(2)GeC(11andlt;(2) overbarandgt;0)//Al(2)O(3)(1andlt;(1)over barandgt;00) or Cr(2)GeC(11andlt;(2) over barandgt;0)//Al(2)O(3)(andlt;(1) over barandgt;2andlt;(1) over barandgt;0). There is also a large secondary grain population with (10andlt;(1)overbarandgt;3) orientation. Deposition onto Al(2)O(3)(0001) with a TiN(111) seed layer and onto MgO(111) yielded growth of globally epitaxial Cr(2)GeC(0001) with a virtually negligible (10andlt;(1) over barandgt;3) contribution. In contrast to the films deposited at 700-800 degrees C, the ones grown at 500-600 degrees C are polycrystalline Cr(2)GeC with (10andlt;(1) over barandgt;0)-dominated orientation; they also exhibit surface segregations of Ge as a consequence of fast Ge diffusion rates along the basal planes. The room-temperature resistivity of our samples is 53-66 mu Omega cm. Temperature-dependent resistivity measurements from 15-295 K show that electron-phonon coupling is important and likely anisotropic, which emphasizes that the electrical transport properties cannot be understood in terms of ground state electronic structure calculations only.
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| 4. |
- Hering, Alessa, et al.
(författare)
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Learn2Reg: comprehensive multi-task medical image registration challenge, dataset and evaluation in the era of deep learning
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0278-0062 .- 1558-254X. ; 42:3, s. 697-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image registration is a fundamental medical image analysis task, and a wide variety of approaches have been proposed. However, only a few studies have comprehensively compared medical image registration approaches on a wide range of clinically relevant tasks. This limits the development of registration methods, the adoption of research advances into practice, and a fair benchmark across competing approaches. The Learn2Reg challenge addresses these limitations by providing a multi-task medical image registration data set for comprehensive characterisation of deformable registration algorithms. A continuous evaluation will be possible at https:// learn2reg.grand-challenge.org. Learn2Reg covers a wide range of anatomies (brain, abdomen, and thorax), modalities (ultrasound, CT, MR), availability of annotations, as well as intra- and inter-patient registration evaluation. We established an easily accessible framework for training and validation of 3D registration methods, which enabled the compilation of results of over 65 individual method submissions from more than 20 unique teams. We used a complementary set of metrics, including robustness, accuracy, plausibility, and runtime, enabling unique insight into the current state-of-the-art of medical image registration. This paper describes datasets, tasks, evaluation methods and results of the challenge, as well as results of further analysis of transferability to new datasets, the importance of label supervision, and resulting bias. While no single approach worked best across all tasks, many methodological aspects could be identified that push the performance of medical image registration to new state-of-the-art performance. Furthermore, we demystified the common belief that conventional registration methods have to be much slower than deep-learning-based methods.
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