| 1. |
- Beauchesne, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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A new step forward in realistic cluster lens mass modelling : analysis of Hubble Frontier Field Cluster Abell S1063 from joint lensing, X-ray, and galaxy kinematics data
- 2023
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 527:2, s. 3246-3275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a new method to simultaneously and self-consistently model the mass distribution of galaxy clusters that combines constraints from strong lensing features, X-ray emission, and galaxy kinematics measurements. We are able to successfully decompose clusters into their collisionless and collisional mass components thanks to the X-ray surface brightness, as well as use the dynamics of cluster members, to obtain more accurate masses exploiting the fundamental plane of elliptical galaxies. Knowledge from all observables is included through a consistent Bayesian approach in the likelihood or in physically motivated priors. We apply this method to the galaxy cluster Abell S1063 and produce a mass model that we publicly release with this paper. The resulting mass distribution presents different ellipticities for the intra-cluster gas and the other large-scale mass components as well as deviation from elliptical symmetry in the main halo. We assess the ability of our method to recover the masses of the different elements of the cluster using a mock cluster based on a simplified version of our Abell S1063 model. Thanks to the wealth of mutliwavelength information provided by the mass model and the detected X-ray emission, we also found evidence for an ongoing merger event with gas sloshing from a smaller infalling structure into the main cluster. In agreement with previous findings, the total mass, gas profile, and gas mass fraction are all consistent with small deviations from the hydrostatic equilibrium. This new mass model for Abell S1063 is publicly available, as the LENSTOOL extension used to construct it.
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| 2. |
- Kelly, Patrick L., et al.
(författare)
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Constraints on the Hubble constant from supernova Refsdal's reappearance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 380:6649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gravitationally lensed supernova Refsdal appeared in multiple images produced through gravitational lensing by a massive foreground galaxy cluster. After the supernova appeared in 2014, lens models of the galaxy cluster predicted that an additional image of the supernova would appear in 2015, which was subsequently observed. We use the time delays between the images to perform a blinded measurement of the expansion rate of the Universe, quantified by the Hubble constant (H0). Using eight cluster lens models, we infer kilometers per second per megaparsec. Using the two models most consistent with the observations, we find kilometers per second per megaparsec. The observations are best reproduced by models that assign dark-matter halos to individual galaxies and the overall cluster.
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| 3. |
- Knudsen, Kirsten Kraiberg, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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C II emission in z similar to 6 strongly lensed, star-forming galaxies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966 .- 1745-3925 .- 1745-3933. ; 462:1, s. L6-L10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The far-infrared fine-structure line [C II] at 1900.5 GHz is known to be one of the brightest cooling lines in local galaxies, and therefore it has been suggested to be an efficient tracer for star formation in very high redshift galaxies. However, recent results for galaxies at z > 6 have yielded numerous non-detections in star-forming galaxies, except for quasars and submillimetre galaxies. We report the results of ALMA observations of two lensed, star-forming galaxies at z = 6.029 and z = 6.703. The galaxy A383-5.1 (star formation rate [SFR] of 3.2 M-circle dot yr(-1) and magnification of mu = 11.4 +/- 1.9) shows a line detection with L-[C II] = 8.9 x 10(6) L-circle dot, making it the lowest L-[C II] detection at z > 6. For MS0451-H (SFR = 0.4 M-circle dot yr(-1) and mu = 100 +/- 20) we provide an upper limit of L-[C II] 6; however, other effects could also play a role in terms of decreasing L-[CII]. The detection of A383-5.1 is encouraging and suggests that detections are possible, but much fainter than initially predicted.
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| 4. |
- Mahler, Guillaume, et al.
(författare)
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Precision Modeling of JWST's First Cluster Lens SMACS J0723.3–7327
- 2023
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 945:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploiting the fundamentally achromatic nature of gravitational lensing, we present a lens model for the massive galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3−7323 (SMACS J0723; z = 0.388) that significantly improves upon earlier work. Building on strong-lensing constraints identified in prior Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations, the mass model utilizes 21 multiple-image systems, 17 of which were newly discovered in Early Release Observation data from the JWST. The resulting lens model maps the cluster mass distribution to an rms spatial precision of 0 32, and is publicly available. Consistent with previous analyses, our study shows SMACS J0723.3 to be well described by a single large-scale component centered on the location of the brightest cluster galaxy. However, satisfying all lensing constraints provided by the JWST data, the model points to the need for the inclusion of an additional, diffuse component west of the cluster. A comparison of the galaxy, mass, and gas distributions in the core of SMACS J0723 based on HST, JWST, and Chandra data reveals a concentrated regular elliptical profile along with tell-tale signs of a recent merger, possibly proceeding almost along our line of sight. The exquisite sensitivity of JWST's NIRCam reveals in spectacular fashion both the extended intracluster light distribution and numerous star-forming clumps in magnified background galaxies. The high-precision lens model derived here for SMACS J0723 demonstrates the unprecedented power of combining HST and JWST data for studies of structure formation and evolution in the distant universe.
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| 5. |
- Pérez-González, P.G.P., et al.
(författare)
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Improving the identification of high-z Herschel sources with position priors and optical/NIR and FIR/mm photometric redshifts
- 2010
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 518:Article Number: L15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present preliminary results about the detection of high redshift (U)LIRGs in the Bullet cluster field by the PACS and SPIRE instruments within the Herschel Lensing Survey (HLS) Program. We describe in detail a photometric procedure designed to recover robust fluxes and deblend faint Herschel sources near the confusion noise. The method is based on the use of the positions of Spitzer/MIPS 24 mu m sources as priors. Our catalogs are able to reliably (5 sigma) recover galaxies with fluxes above 6 and 10 mJy in the PACS 100 and 160 mu m channels, respectively, and 12 to 18 mJy in the SPIRE bands. We also obtain spectral energy distributions covering the optical through the far-infrared/millimeter spectral ranges of all the Herschel detected sources, and analyze them to obtain independent estimations of the photometric redshift based on either stellar population or dust emission models. We exemplify the potential of the combined use of Spitzer position priors plus independent optical and IR photometric redshifts to robustly assign optical/NIR counterparts to the sources detected by Herschel and other (sub-)mm instruments.
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| 6. |
- Rex, M., et al.
(författare)
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The far-infrared/submillimeter properties of galaxies located behind the Bullet cluster
- 2010
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 518:Article Number: L13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Herschel Lensing Survey (HLS) takes advantage of gravitational lensing by massive galaxy clusters to sample a population of high-redshift galaxies which are too faint to be detected above the confusion limit of current far-infrared/submillimeter telescopes. Measurements from 100-500 mu m bracket the peaks of the far-infrared spectral energy distributions of these galaxies, characterizing their infrared luminosities and star formation rates. We introduce initial results from our science demonstration phase observations, directed toward the Bullet cluster (1E0657-56). By combining our observations with LABOCA 870 mu m and AzTEC 1.1 mm data we fully constrain the spectral energy distributions of 19 MIPS 24 mu m-selected galaxies which are located behind the cluster. We find that their colors are best fit using templates based on local galaxies with systematically lower infrared luminosities. This suggests that our sources are not like local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies in which vigorous star formation is contained in a compact highly dust-obscured region. Instead, they appear to be scaled up versions of lower luminosity local galaxies with star formation occurring on larger physical scales.
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| 7. |
- Sun, Fengwu, et al.
(författare)
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Extensive Lensing Survey of Optical and Near-infrared Dark Objects (El Sonido): HST H-faint Galaxies behind 101 Lensing Clusters
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 922:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a Spitzer/IRAC survey of H-faint (H-160 greater than or similar to 26.4, < 5 sigma) sources in 101 lensing cluster fields. Across a CANDELS/Wide-like survey area of similar to 648 arcmin(2) (effectively similar to 221 arcmin(2) in the source plane), we have securely discovered 53 sources in the IRAC Channel-2 band (CH2, 4.5 mu m; median CH2 = 22.46 +/- 0.11 AB mag) that lack robust HST/WFC3-IR F160W counterparts. The most remarkable source in our sample, namely ES-009 in the field of Abell 2813, is the brightest H-faint galaxy at 4.5 mu m known so far (CH2 = 20.48 +/- 0.03 AB mag). We show that the H-faint sources in our sample are massive (median M-star = 10 10.3 +/- 0.3 M-circle dot, star-forming (median star formation rate =1001 M-circle dot yr(-1)), and dust-obscured (A(v) = 2.6 +/- 0.3) galaxies around a median photometric redshift of z = 3.9 +/- 0.4. The stellar continua of 14 H-faint galaxies can be resolved in the CH2 band, suggesting a median circularized effective radius (R-e,R-circ; lensing corrected) of 1.9 +/- 0.2 kpc and <1.5 kpc for the resolved and whole samples, respectively. This is consistent with the sizes of massive unobscured galaxies at z similar to 4, indicating that H-faint galaxies represent the dusty tail of the distribution of a wider galaxy population. Comparing with the ALMA dust continuum sizes of similar galaxies reported previously, we conclude that the heavy dust obscuration in H-faint galaxies is related to the compactness of both stellar and dust continua (R-e,R-circ similar to 1 kpc). These H-faint galaxies make up 161 3 % of the galaxies in the stellar-mass range of 10(10) - 10(11.2) M-circle dot at z = 3 similar to 5, contributing to 8(-4)(+8)% of the cosmic star formation rate density in this epoch and likely tracing the early phase of massive galaxy formation.
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