| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Increased risk of child maltreatment and mental health problems among adolescents with restrictions regarding choice of future partner : Results from a Swedish school-based survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:8, s. 1133-1139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Honour-related violence and oppression is a violation of human rights and a public health problem. Oppressioncan be manifested by not being allowed to choose future partners and can increase the risk of abuse and mental healthproblems.Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between restrictions regarding choice of future partner(RCP), child maltreatment and mental health problems among adolescents in Sweden.Methods: The study was based oncross-sectional data, including a nationally representative sample of 4741 pupils from grade nine in primary school and secondyear in high school. Pearson’s chi-square tests and binary logistical regression analyses adjusting for socio-demographicfactors were conducted.Results: RCP was significantly associated to child maltreatment, including poly-victimisation, andmental health problems. In the adjusted analysis, an increased risk for all types of maltreatment, poly-victimisation (adjustedodds ratio (aOR) 10.2, confidence interval (CI) 5.6–18.4), self-harm (aOR 1.9, CI 1.1–3.2) and suicide attempt (aOR 2.4,CI 1.3–4.7) were shown in adolescents exposed to RCP compared to non-exposed.Conclusions: There is an increasedrisk of child maltreatment including poly-victimisation and mental health problems among adolescents exposedto RCP compared to non-exposed. The study emphasizes the matter as a public health problem requiringimmediate preventive measures to ensure the rights of children and adolescents.
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| 4. |
- Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Injury risks in schoolchildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity or autismspectrumdisorder : Results from two school-based health surveys of 6- to 17-year-old children in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 58, s. 49-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Injuries are one of the leading causes of death and disability among children in Sweden and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has previously been associated with an increased risk of injury in pediatric populations elsewhere in the world. Current evidence regarding the possible link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and injury risk appears limited, even though some potentially risk-increasing symptoms overlap. The purpose of this study was thus to study the association between both ADHD and ASD concerning the risk of injury among Swedish schoolchildren. Methods: Two samples were used: a population based register study containing data from 18,416 children ranging from the ages of 6-17 years collected by school nurses during 2012/2014 (Survey A), and a national cross-sectional study of 3202 ninth-grade children (similar to 15 years old) collected from 92 schools in 2011 (Survey B). The data were analyzed using chi(2)-tests and log binomial generalized linear models to obtain risk ratios (RR), comparing cases reportedly affected by ADHD or ASD to unaffected controls. Results: After adjusting for confounders, ADHD was associated with a 65% increased risk of injury (RR 1.65 [95% CI: 132-2.05] in Survey A, and a 57% increased risk of injury (RR 1.57 [95% CI: 1.27-1.95]) in Survey B. ASD was not significantly associated with any differences in injury risk (RR 0.81 [95% CI: 0.57-1.14]). Conclusions: The results indicate that there is an elevated injury risk among Swedish schoolchildren with ADHD but not for children with ASD. Future studies should focus on causal mechanisms mediating the association between ADHD and injuries in order to facilitate injury prevention strategies. Practical applications: Parents and teachers of schoolchildren with ADHD should be made aware of the elevated injury risks associated with the diagnosis. Safety experts and injury control professionals should consider the development of specialized prevention strategies in order to reduce these risks.
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| 6. |
- Ellonen, Noora, et al.
(författare)
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Current Parental Attitudes Towards Upbringing Practices in Finland and Sweden 30 Years after the Ban on Corporal Punishment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Child Abuse Review. - : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 24:6, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty years have now passed since Sweden and Finland, as the first countries in the world, enacted national legislation against corporal punishment. This study examines the current attitudes towards corporal punishment among Finnish and Swedish parents of newborn to 12-year-old children. Differences between the countries in parents' attitudes towards upbringing practices in relation to socio-demographic background factors were also analysed. The study was based on identical survey data collected separately in Finland and Sweden in 2011 and later merged for analysis. The survey included questions regarding parental behaviour and attitudes towards upbringing practices. Data were analysed using univariate tests (chi-2) and logistic regression. The analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of Finnish parents approved of slapping or hitting their children compared to Swedish parents (OR = 6.20). Swedish parents, on the other hand, approved of shaking more than Finnish parents (OR = 0.54). Furthermore, a larger proportion of Finnish parents had positive attitudes towards non-violent types of punishments compared to Swedish parents. The socio-demographic background factors did not explain the differences between the countries. Cultural factors that may plausibly influence these attitudes are discussed. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Engh, Lisbet, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Can school attachment modify the relation between foster care placement and school achievement?
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of School Nursing. - : Mark Allen group. - 1752-2803 .- 2052-2827. ; 13:4, s. 175-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this research is to examine the relation between school attachment and school achievement and foster care placement.A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 20 340 pupils in Sweden, aged 10, 13 and 16 years, 252 of the children were placed in foster care.Data on children's health, school attachment and school achievement were obtained from the Pupil Health Database.The results show that school achievement was significantly poorer for children in foster care than for other children, but only when they had low school attachment. When they had high school attachment, there was no difference in school achievement between the groups. Therefore, the results of this study suggests that school attachment could modify the relation between foster care placement and school achievement. The interaction effect was statistically significant after adjusting for age and sex. By promoting school attachment for children in foster care through creating supportive relations and a friendly school environment, the school achievement can be improved.
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| 8. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Impact-Absorbing Flooring in Residential Care from the Perspectives of Enrolled Nurses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - : Routledge. - 0276-3893 .- 1540-353X. ; 31:4, s. 367-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Falls are a daily occurrence in nursing homes and few interventions for reducing fall-related injuries have proven to be effective. Impact absorbing flooring (IAF) in residential care has shown promising results in reducing fail-injuries and in the process of developing and implementing IAF all aspects are valuable to explore. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study is to describe the enrolled nurses (ENs) experiences of IAF. We carried out focus group interviews with ENs and used content analysis to process the data. The ENs experienced both negative and positive aspects with the IAF. Importantly, the ENs perceived the IAF as effective in preventing fall-injuries. They also appreciated the improvements in acoustics. Negative aspects were that the flooring initially was challenging to walk on and that it made it harder to maneuver heavy equipment. A significant and transferable finding in this study was the importance of the ENs' perceived difficulty in preventing fall-injuries amongst elderly people living in nursing homes. This seemed to be a driving force to accept the intervention. Although IAF affects the working conditions in a nursing home, ENs are willing to accept these issues given the perceived effectiveness of the intervention.
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| 9. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-
(författare)
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Effekter av stötdämpande golv som fallskadepreventiv åtgärd för äldre på särskilt boende
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fallskador är den vanligaste orsaken till skada i alla åldrar men är en skadetyp som blir vanligare ju äldre personen blir. Av de som läggs in på sjukhus för en skada till följd av ett fall är cirka 70 % över 65 år. Förutom det lidande som en fallskada utgör för den som drabbas finns också en utmaning kopplad till den pågående demografiska förskjutningen mot en allt äldre befolkning, vilket gör att omfattningen av problemet förutspås öka.Stötdämpande golv är en relativt ny intervention, framtagen i syfte att minska risken för fallskador bland äldre. Behovet av ett dämpande golv för att förebygga fallskador bland äldre personer på särskilda boenden bottnar i problemets stora omfattning och det faktum att det visat sig vara synnerligen svårt att förhindra fallskador i denna population. Principen att använda stötdämpande material för skademinskning har dock använts inom många områden, både länge och framgångsrikt. Genom att lägga ett dämpande material mellan kroppen och den yta som kroppen riskerar att stöta samman med minskar risken för skada.Utformning, testning och implementering av stötdämpande golv i vårdmiljöer har på senare år tagit fart, men studier i klinisk miljö är fortfarande få. Även om interventionen är teoretiskt välgrundad går det inte att fullt ut veta vilka effekter den kommer att få innan den testas i sin tänkta kontext. När det gäller stötdämpande golv finns en farhåga om att det skulle påverka balansen och på så sätt öka risken för fall. Andra aspekter är funktionen utifrån ett arbetsmiljöperspektiv och inte minst som en del av boendemiljön för de äldre. Därför är syftet med denna avhandling att undersöka den fallskadepreventiva effekten för äldre av ett stötdämpande golv på särskilt boende. Vidar undersöks också den befarade effekten på fallrisk samt eventuell effekten på arbetsmiljön för personalen och boendemiljön för de äldre.Resultaten i denna avhandling visar att stötdämpande golv har potentialen att minska risken för fallskador bland äldre på särskilt boende, en population där det hittills varit svårt att finna och implementera effektiva åtgärder. När det gäller den befarade oönskad bieffekt att golvet skulle leda till ökad fallrisk så tyder resultaten inte på någon sådan effekt, även om risken inte helt kan uteslutas.Undersköterskorna som arbetar på boendet upplever att golvet avdramatiserat fallen och att ljudnivån dämpats, aspekter de uppfattar som positiva. De upplever också att vissa utmaningar är förknippade med golvet. Främst att det tog tid att vänja sig vid att gå på det dämpande golvet och att tunga hjälpmedel (exempelvis lyftar) blev svårare att flytta. Resultaten tyder på att stötdämpande golv kan vara en framkomlig väg för fallskadeprevention riktat mot en äldre och skör population. Undersköterskorna var positiva till interventionen som påverkade deras arbetsmiljö på flera sätt, en aspekt som behöver undersökas vidare.Ett antal oväntade bieffekter uppstod som ett resultat av golvet. Från ett positivt perspektiv påverkade det dämpande golvet ljudbilden till det bättre, en faktor som underlättade implementeringen och acceptansen. Samtidigt identifierades problem som behöver lösas. Den ökade fysiska arbetsbelastning som personalen upplevde när de gick på det dämpande golvet samt det ökade rullmotståndet vid hantering av hjälpmedel behöver studeras vidare. Likaså behöver framtida utvecklingen av stötdämpande golv ta hänsyn till de unika förutsättningar som finns inom hälso- och sjukvården med avseende på slitage, hjälpmedel och hygien. I detta arbete behöver det etableras vilka dämpande egenskaper ett golv bör ha för att uppnå en optimal skademinskning i relation till annan funktionalitet.Att personalen upplever sig handfallna inför problemet med fall och fallskador, samt att de äldre är tämligen ointresserade av aktiva interventioner förstärker uppfattning om att stötdämpande golv kan ha stor potential. Framtiden får utvisa om dessa problem kan finna en lösning och om stötdämpande golv implementeras i stor skala och därmed bidra till att minska omfattningen av fallskador bland sköra äldre.
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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There is more to Life than Risk Avoidance : Elderly Peoples Perspectives of Falls and Compliant Flooring
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 13:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Falls are the most common cause of injury in all ages and are especiallydifficult to prevent among residential care residents. Compliant flooring has beenproposed as a measure to prevent fall-injury, however little is known regarding theimplementation aspects in clinical settings. The aim of this study was to explore thefrail elderly person's view on falls, the risk of fall-injury, prevention in general andspecifically compliant flooring as an injury preventative measure. Methods. In this qualitative study, we used the grounded theory method and conductedin depths interviews with eight elderly people in residential care.Results. The identified categories were Falling as a part of life, Fearing theconsequences and A wish to prevent falls and injuries. Through the results is was clearthat There is more to life than risk avoidance, permeated the interviews, thereforeforming the grounded theory. The interviewees viewed falls as something common andnormal, and were uninterested in focusing on the risk of falls. Although they wanted toprevent falls, it was often difficult to integrate preventative measures into their everydaylife. They embraced the idea of an injury reducing compliant flooring, but their maininterests lie elsewhere.Conclusions. The results in this paper propose explanations on the obstacles ofimplementing fall prevention measures in an elderly frail population. The findings cangive us insights as to why interest, compliance for active fall prevention measures arelow, and on various factors that have to be taken under consideration in the process ofconstructing prevention. Compliant flooring is a passive fall injury prevention measurethat does not require the target group to make active decisions, adapt or activelyparticipate in the program. Therefore, we conclude that complaint flooring, from theperspective of the residents, can work well in residential care.
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