| 1. |
- Dong, Yidan, et al.
(författare)
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Association between long-term static postures exposure and musculoskeletal disorders among university employees : A viewpoint of inflammatory pathways
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2296-2565. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are critical occupational and social problems. With the improvement of production mechanization and automation, and the widespread application of computers, more occupations are exposed to static postures and load. This study explored the role of inflammation in the association between static postures exposure and MSDs. MethodsThis study adopted a prospective nested case-control design in which 66 lower back MSDs cases and 66 healthy controls were selected from a cohort study of university employees. The personal information, postural load, musculoskeletal symptoms, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), and inflammatory cytokines were collected. Logistic and linear regressions were used to investigate the association among postural load, inflammatory cytokines, and lower back MSDs. Mediation analysis was used to calculate the mediation effect. ResultsThe results of logistic and linear regressions showed that postural load and inflammatory cytokines were positively associated with lower back MSDs (P < 0.05), and postural load was positively associated with inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05). Further, mediation analysis showed that the mediation effect of postural load on the lower back MSDs through TNF-alpha was 0.073 (95%CI: 0.025-0.128), and the mediation effect of posture load on the lower back MSDs through IL-6 was 0.098 (95%CI: 0.041-0.179), respectively. ConclusionStatic postures were associated with the occurrence of MSDs through inflammatory cytokines, and low-level inflammation may be a critical early event in the generation of MSDs. This study may help bridge the gap of potential mechanisms linking static postures to increased risks of MSDs, and provide new evidence for targeted protection against the global increasing MSDs.
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| 2. |
- Dang, Junhua, et al.
(författare)
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Individual differences in dopamine level modulate the ego depletion effect
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychophysiology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-8760 .- 1872-7697. ; 99, s. 121-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Initial exertion of self-control impairs subsequent self-regulatory performance, which is referred to as the ego depletion effect. The current study examined how individual differences in dopamine level, as indexed by eye blink rate (EBR), would moderate ego depletion. An inverted-U-shaped relationship between EBR and subsequent self regulatory performance was found when participants initially engaged in self-control but such relationship was absent in the control condition where there was no initial exertion, suggesting individuals with a medium dopamine level may be protected from the typical ego depletion effect. These findings are consistent with a cognitive explanation which considers ego depletion as a phenomenon similar to switch costs that would be neutralized by factors promoting flexible switching.
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| 3. |
- Dang, Junhua, et al.
(författare)
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When the poor excel : Poverty facilitates procedural learning
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 57:4, s. 288-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research has shown that poverty directly impeded cognitive functions because the poor could be easily distracted by monetary concerns. We argue that this effect may be limited to functions relying on working memory. For functions that rely on proceduralized processes however, monetary concerns elicited by reminding of financial demands would be conducive rather than harmful. Our results supported this hypothesis by showing that participants with lower income reached the learning criterion of the information-integration categorization task faster than their more affluent counterparts after reminding of financial demands.
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| 4. |
- de las Fuentes, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:6, s. 2111-2125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, “Some College” (yes/no) and “Graduated College” (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8). Two novel loci were identified based on the 1DF test of interaction with educational attainment, while the remaining 16 loci were identified through the 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Ten novel loci were identified in individuals of African ancestry. Several novel loci show strong biological plausibility since they involve physiologic systems implicated in BP regulation. They include genes involved in the central nervous system-adrenal signaling axis (ZDHHC17, CADPS, PIK3C2G), vascular structure and function (GNB3, CDON), and renal function (HAS2 and HAS2-AS1, SLIT3). Collectively, these findings suggest a role of educational attainment or SES in further dissection of the genetic architecture of BP.
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| 5. |
- Dong, Yidan, et al.
(författare)
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Derived patterns of musculoskeletal symptoms and their relationships with ergonomic factors among electronic assembly workers : A latent class analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 82, s. 293-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Multi-site musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) are considered to be more common and have more serious consequences than single-site MSS. This study aimed to determine whether derived patterns of MSS may be identified in electronic assembly workers and if extracted MSS classes are associated with personal and work-related factors. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was performed with 700 participating electronic assembly workers. The questionnaire included individual factors, psychosocial and physical exposures, and MSS. The derived patterns of MSS and their relationships with ergonomic factors were analyzed using latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression models (MLRM). Results: The 1-year prevalence of MSS affecting only one body site or two or more body sites was 14.9% and 32.7%, respectively. The results of LCA showed three distinct classes of MSS patterns, which were labelled 'MSS in most sites' (5.0%), 'MSS in neck and shoulder' (27.0%), and 'MSS in one or no site' (68.0%). The results of MLRM showed that the 'MSS in neck and shoulder' was associated with job tenure (OR 5.579, 95% CI 2.488-12.511), excessive dynamic and static loads (OR 3.868, 95% CI 1.702- 8.793 and OR 5.270, 95% CI 2.020-13.747, respectively); while the 'MSS in most sites' was associated with high job demands (OR 4.528, 95% CI 1.647-12.445) and excessive dynamic loads (OR 111.554, 95% CI 4.996-2490.793). Conclusions: The results showed unique patterns of MSS among electronic assembly workers that were associated with personal and work-related factors. Practical applications: The findings highlight that the high prevalence of multi-site MSS in this group should be a focus. It also provides further evidence that LCA considering the number and location of anatomical sites involving MSS can be used to determine distinct classes of MSS patterns, which is of great significance for the epidemiological study and management of MSS in the future.
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| 6. |
- Feitosa, Mary F., et al.
(författare)
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Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted a large two-stage investigation incorporating joint testing of main genetic effects and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-alcohol consumption interactions. In Stage 1, genome-wide discovery meta-analyses in approximate to 131 K individuals across several ancestry groups yielded 3,514 SNVs (245 loci) with suggestive evidence of association (P <1.0 x 10(-5)). In Stage 2, these SNVs were tested for independent external replication in individuals across multiple ancestries. We identified and replicated (at Bonferroni correction threshold) five novel BP loci (380 SNVs in 21 genes) and 49 previously reported BP loci (2,159 SNVs in 109 genes) in European ancestry, and in multi-ancestry meta-analyses (P < 5.0 x 10(-8)). For African ancestry samples, we detected 18 potentially novel BP loci (P< 5.0 x 10(-8)) in Stage 1 that warrant further replication. Additionally, correlated meta-analysis identified eight novel BP loci (11 genes). Several genes in these loci (e.g., PINX1, GATA4, BLK, FTO and GABBR2 have been previously reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. These findings provide insights into the role of alcohol consumption in the genetic architecture of hypertension.
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| 7. |
- Gao, Yulong, et al.
(författare)
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Reachability-based Human-in-the-Loop Control with Uncertain Specifications
- 2020
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Ingår i: IFAC PAPERSONLINE. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8963. ; , s. 1880-1887
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a shared autonomy approach for implementing human operator decisions onto an automated system during multi-objective missions, while guaranteeing safety and mission completion. A mission is specified as a set of linear temporal logic (LTL) formulae. Then, using a novel correspondence between LTL and reachability analysis, we synthesize a set of controllers for assisting the human operator to complete the mission, while guaranteeing that the system maintains specified spatial and temporal properties. We assume the human operator's exact preference of how to complete the mission is unknown. Instead, we use a datadriven approach to infer and update the automated system's internal belief of which specified objective the human intends to complete. If, while the human is operating the system, she provides inputs that violate any of the invariances prescribed by the LTL formula, our verified controller will use its internal belief of the human operator's intended objective to guide the operator back on track. Moreover, we show that as long as the specifications are initially feasible, our controller will stay feasible and can guide the human to complete the mission despite some unexpected human errors. We illustrate our approach with a simple, but practical, experimental setup where a remote operator is parking a vehicle in a parking lot with multiple parking options. In these experiments, we show that our approach is able to infer the human operator's preference over parking spots in real-time and guarantee that the human will park in the spot safely.
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| 8. |
- Gao, Yulong, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal Logic Trees for Model Checking and Control Synthesis of Uncertain Discrete-time Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9286 .- 1558-2523. ; , s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose algorithms for performing model checking and control synthesis for discrete-time uncertain systems under linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. We construct temporal logic trees (TLT) from LTL formulae via reachability analysis. In contrast to automaton-based methods, the construction of the TLT is abstraction-free for infinite systems, that is, we do not construct discrete abstractions of the infinite systems. Moreover, for a given transition system and an LTL formula, we prove that there exist both a universal TLT and an existential TLT via minimal and maximal reachability analysis, respectively. We show that the universal TLT is an underapproximation for the LTL formula and the existential TLT is an overapproximation. We provide sufficient conditions and necessary conditions to verify whether a transition system satisfies an LTL formula by using the TLT approximations. As a major contribution of this work, for a controlled transition system and an LTL formula, we prove that a controlled TLT can be constructed from the LTL formula via control-dependent reachability analysis. Based on the controlled TLT, we design an online control synthesis algorithm, under which a set of feasible control inputs can be generated at each time step. We also prove that this algorithm is recursively feasible. We illustrate the proposed methods for both finite and infinite systems and highlight the generality and online scalability with two simulated examples.
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| 9. |
- Glinos, Dafni A., et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptome variation in human tissues revealed by long-read sequencing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 608:7922, s. 353-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regulation of transcript structure generates transcript diversity and plays an important role in human disease(1-7). The advent oflong-read sequencing technologies offers the opportunity to study the role of genetic variation in transcript structure(8-)(16). In this Article, we present a large human long-read RNA-seq dataset using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform from 88 samples from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) tissues and cell lines, complementing the GTEx resource. We identified just over 70,000 novel transcripts for annotated genes, and validated the protein expression of 10% of novel transcripts. We developed a new computational package, LORALS, to analyse the genetic effects of rare and common variants on the transcriptome by allele-specific analysis of long reads. We characterized allele-specific expression and transcript structure events, providing new insights into the specific transcript alterations caused by common and rare genetic variants and highlighting the resolution gained from long-read data. We were able to perturb the transcript structure upon knockdown of PTBP1, an RNA binding protein that mediates splicing, thereby finding genetic regulatory effects that are modified by the cellular environment. Finally, we used this dataset to enhance variant interpretation and study rare variants leading to aberrant splicing patterns.
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| 10. |
- Jiang, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Ensuring safety for vehicle parking tasks using Hamilton-Jacobi reachability analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. ; , s. 1416-1421
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we propose an approach for ensuring the safety of a vehicle throughout a parking task, even when the vehicle is being operated at varying levels of automation. We start by specifying a vehicle parking task using linear temporal logic formulae that can be model checked for feasibility. The model-checking is facilitated by the construction of a temporal logic tree via Hamilton-Jacobi reachability analysis. Once we know the parking task is feasible for our vehicle model, we utilize the constructed temporal logic tree to directly synthesize control sets. Our approach synthesizes control sets that are least-restrictive in the context of the specification, since they permit any control inputs that are guaranteed not to violate the specification. This least-restrictive characteristic allows for the application of our approach to vehicles under different modes of operation (e.g., human-in-the-loop shared autonomy or fully-automated schemes). Implementing in both simulation and on hardware, we demonstrate the approach's potential for ensuring the safety of vehicles throughout parking tasks, whether they are operated by humans or automated driving systems.
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