| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Selma, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Criteria for Future Marine Fuels
- 2012
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Ingår i: The IAME 2012 Conference September 2012.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Joanne, Ellis, 1963
(författare)
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Assessing Safety Risks for the Sea Transport Link of a Multimodal Dangerous Goods Transport Chain
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Transport of goods in containers and cargo transport units by sea as part of multimodal transport chains presents unique challenges from a safety perspective. The units can hold a broad mix of cargo types, including dangerous goods with hazardous properties. The purpose of this thesis was to assess the risk of carrying dangerous goods as packaged cargo by sea, with a main focus on transport safety. A better understanding of this risk can lead to fewer human, environmental, and economic losses. Studies on the safety risks associated with sea transport of containerised goods were carried out, starting with an investigation into the overall risk of fires on container ships, continuing with analyses of the risk of dangerous goods carriage, and concluding with an investigation into the factors contributing to the release of dangerous goods on board. The sea transport link of the transport chain was of prime interest from a safety perspective, but earlier parts of the chain were also considered for the investigation of contributing factors. Analysis of accident, incident, and inspection reports and databases was a key part of the approach taken to carry out the work. Risk analysis techniques, primarily event tree and fault tree techniques, were used both quantitatively and qualitatively to estimate risk and develop explanatory models. The container ship risk analysis modelling work determined that the fire/explosion accident category was the second largest contributor to overall human safety risk, and the analysis of historical data found it to be responsible for the most crew fatalities reported for the period 1993 – 2004. The cargo area was found to be the location of fire initiation for 32% of serious fire/explosion events on container ships for a later period investigated (1998 to 2008) and undeclared dangerous goods were found to be involved in 25% of these cargo area fires. Dangerous goods involvement was identified for 15% of crew fatalities resulting from container ship casualties during this 11-year period. The investigation of release of packaged dangerous goods during maritime transport found most contributing factors originated prior to the goods being loaded on to the ship. The findings are useful from a safety perspective as they identify where in the transport chain faults are occurring and also the importance of dangerous goods incidents and fires in relation to other accident types.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kanchiralla, Fayas Malik, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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How do variations in ship operation impact the techno-economic feasibility and environmental performance of fossil-free fuels? A life cycle study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1872-9118 .- 0306-2619. ; 350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying an obvious non-fossil fuel solution for all ship types for meeting the greenhouse gas reduction target in shipping is challenging. This paper evaluates the technical viability, environmental impacts, and economic feasibility of different energy carriers for three case vessels of different ship types: a RoPax ferry, a tanker, and a service vessel. The energy carriers examined include battery-electric and three electro-fuels (hydrogen, methanol, and ammonia) which are used in combination with engines and fuel cells. Three methods are used: preliminary ship design feasibility, life cycle assessment, and life cycle costing. The results showed that battery-electric and compressed hydrogen options are not viable for some ships due to insufficient available onboard space for energy storage needed for the vessel's operational range. The global warming reduction potential is shown to depend on the ship type. This reduction potential of assessed options changes also with changes in the carbon intensity of the electricity mix. Life cycle costing results shows that the use of ammonia and methanol in engines has the lowest life cycle cost for all studied case vessels. However, the higher energy conversion losses of these systems make them more vulnerable to fluctuations in the price of electricity. Also, these options have higher environmental impacts on categories like human toxicity, resource use (minerals and metals), and water use. Fuel cells and batteries are not as cost-competitive for the case vessels because of their higher upfront costs and shorter lifetimes. However, these alternatives are less expensive than alternatives with internal combustion engines in the case of higher utilization rates and fuel costs.
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| 5. |
- Malmgren, Elin, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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The HyMethShip Concept: An investigation of system design choices and vessel operation characteristics influence on life cycle performance
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One potential method to decarbonize the maritime transport sector is by using onboard carbon capture technologies. One such potential future propulsion system is the "HyMethShip - Hydrogen-Methanol Ship propulsion system using onboard pre-combustion carbon capture" concept. In this study we use life cycle assessment to analyse the impact of system design choices on the overall environmental performance of the system. Using the HyMethShip on a vessel is shown to lower climate impact compared to today’s conventional propulsion technologies. The runtime of the carbon capture system and hydrogen leakage are indicated as the main influencers to the environmental performance besides overall system efficiency. The cost of the HyMethShip system is higher than today’s liquid fossil fuel options, but lower than when electro-methanol is used in a conventional engine without applying the HyMethShip concept.
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