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| 2. |
- Jocic, Simonne, et al.
(författare)
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Fabrication of user-friendly and biomimetic 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole cross-linked gelatin/agar microfluidic devices
- 2017
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Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 76, s. 1175-1180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a straightforward technique for fabricating user-friendly and biomimetic microfluidic devices out of a gelatin/agar gel cross-linked with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole. The fabrication procedure requires only inexpensive starting materials such as glass capillaries and wires to mold 3D cylindrical channels into the gel with the possibility of achieving channel diameters of 375 μm and 1000 μm. We demonstrate that the channel absent of gel injury can retain fluid within its dimensions for at least 7 h. We also show that the device material does not autofluoresce nor provide hindrances with fluorescent imaging. A discussion of the chemical linkage identities of cross-linked gelatin/agar is included via ATR-FTIR studies. Crosslinking of the gelatin/agar is further confirmed by the lack of a gel to sol transition at physiological temperature as assessed by DSC measurements. SEM micrographs that demonstrate the 100 nm mean pore width of the cross-linked gelatin/agar are provided. This device is considered biomimetic because it represents components present in the natural extracellular matrix such as collagen and proteoglycans in the form of cross-linked gelatin/agar.
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| 3. |
- Mattsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoplastics in aquatic environments—Sources, sampling techniques, and identification methods
- 2024. - 2
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Ingår i: Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments : An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency - An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency. - 9780443153327 - 9780443153334 ; , s. 381-397
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the industrial revolution, humans have extensively been contributing to the accumulation of rubble in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Because the buildup of trash in water bodies was previously considered miniscule owing to its capacity to drift away from vantage points, the growing impact of plastic pollutants has historically been neglected. Today, however, pollution of aquatic systems is recognized as one of the biggest environmental threats to our planet. Ever since the mass production of plastic material in the 1940s, plastic has been statistically the largest contributor to marine pollution (Ryan et al., 2009). Concerns have been raised about the ecotoxicology of not only the macroform of plastic but also more recently plastic degradation products, namely micro- and nanosized plastic particles. Anthropogenic particles are manufactured particles and particles produced by human activities. Microlitter consists of anthropogenic particles in the size range of 1μm to 5mm. Microplastics, a subcategory of microlitter, include particles between 1 and 1000μm in size and have a chemical composition of synthetic polymers, semisynthetic or copolymers, including tire and road wear particles. Furthermore, another property of microplastics is that they are solid state and insoluble at 20°C (Hartmann et al., 2019). Nanoplastics are the same type of particles as microplastics but in smaller sizes, namely between 1 and 1000nm. Engineered nanoparticles are commonly defined as nanosized particles with at least two dimensions below 100nm (Klaine et al., 2008). This chapter highlights nanoplastics in the aquatic environment; sources, sampling methods, and analytical techniques to identify nanoplastic particles in the aquatic environment.
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| 4. |
- Mattsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoplastics in the aquatic environment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments : An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency - An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency. - 9780128137475 - 9780128137482 ; , s. 379-399
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plastics contribute the most to the ever-growing buildup of pollution in Earth’s water bodies. In the aquatic environment, plastic essentially exists in multiple forms before and following passage to nature depending on its synthetic pathway and succeeding degree of fragmentation or degradation, and includes bulk material, as well as nanosized particles. It is of utmost importance to understand the ecological and biological consequences of nanoparticle release to nature considering that their properties differ considerably from their corresponding bulk material. This chapter highlights recent findings concerning sources, degradation pathways, and ecotoxicity of the nanoparticles derived from plastic degradation in addition to those intentionally fabricated to their form in aquatic systems.
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