| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of short-term treatment with pivalic acid containing antibiotics on serum carnitine concentration--a risk irrespective of age.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Biochemical and molecular medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1077-3150. ; 55:1, s. 77-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment with pivalic acid containing prodrugs has been shown to cause carnitine depletion by loss of pivaloyl carnitine in urine. A 7-day standard pivmecillinam treatment of adults lead to a marked decrease of the free serum carnitine concentration (44.6 to 12.9 mumol/liter), whereas no change was seen in those given norfloxacine (40.0 to 40.5 mumol/liter). In some patients irrespective of age the free serum carnitine concentration was decreased to levels (around 10 mumol/liter) at which an impaired ketone-body production may occur. Therefore, there is reason for cautious use of this type of drug irrespective of the age of the patients.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Biochemical medicine and metabolic biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0885-4505. ; 52:1, s. 18-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term treatment with pivalic acid prodrug results in impaired ketone-body production. Therefore, it was of interest to investigate whether short-term treatment had any influence on the fatty acid oxidation. In this study six healthy males were given 1200 mg per day of pivmecillinam for 12 days to induce carnitine deficiency. The concentration of free carnitine in serum was reduced from a mean of 42.8 mumol/liter (range, 31-48) to 11.6 mumol/liter (range, 7.0-24), but the muscle carnitine concentration was not reduced. A 36-h fasting test was performed before and after drug administration to study the effect on ketone-body production. After treatment, the two subjects with the lowest level of serum free carnitine at the end of the fasting period had impaired ketogenesis. This indicates a carnitine deficiency in the liver which was reflected in the free carnitine concentration for by mobilization of muscle carnitine. We conclude that there is a substantial risk to develop carnitine deficiency and impaired fatty acid oxidation in the liver during short-term treatment with drugs conjugated with pivalic acid.
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| 3. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Pivalic acid-induced carnitine deficiency and physical exercise in humans.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Metabolism: clinical and experimental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495. ; 45:12, s. 1501-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the effect of carnitine depletion on physical working capacity, healthy subjects were administered pivaloyl-conjugated antibiotics for 54 days. The mean carnitine concentration in serum decreased from 35.0 to 3.5 mmicromol/L, and in muscle from 10 to 4.3 micromol/g noncollagen protein (NCP). Exercise tests were performed before and after 54 days' administration of the drug. At submaximal exercise, there was a slight increase in the concentration of 3-hydroxybutyrate in serum, presumably caused by decreased fatty acid oxidation in the liver. There was also a decreased consumption of muscle glycogen, indicating decreased glycolysis in the skeletal muscle. The muscle presumably had enough energy available, since there was no significant decrease in the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate during exercise. The work at maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the maximal heart rate were reduced. Since VO2max is considered dependent on heart function, carnitine depletion seemed to affect cardiac function.
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| 4. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Staphylococcus saprophyticus urinary tract infections in children.
- 1993
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Ingår i: European journal of pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-6199 .- 1432-1076. ; 152:1, s. 69-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus commonly causes urinary tract infection (UTI) in young women; in males it is found mainly in the elderly. In this study S. saprophyticus UTI occurred in 59 children (45 girls and 14 boys) below 16 years of age, of whom 20 were less than 13 years of age. The common presentation was dysuria and flank or back pain whereas fever > or = 38.5 degrees C was rare. Radiological investigation performed in 63% of the children revealed no anomalies of importance. Children with S. saprophyticus UTI appear to constitute a group with a low frequency of urinary tract anomalies and with a low risk of UTI caused by other bacteria.
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| 5. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Transient reduction of human left ventricular mass in carnitine depletion induced by antibiotics containing pivalic acid.
- 1995
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Ingår i: British heart journal. - : BMJ. - 0007-0769. ; 74:6, s. 656-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the effect of induced carnitine depletion on myocardial structure and function.7 healthy adult volunteers given 1200 mg pivmecillinam per day for 7-8 weeks were studied by echocardiography before and after 7-8 weeks of treatment and a 15 months follow up after the treatment period.Teaching hospital.Carnitine concentration in serum, urine, and muscle and echocardiographic measurements.After 7-8 weeks of treatment the median free serum carnitine concentration was reduced to 7% and the median total muscle carnitine concentration to 46% of the pretreatment levels. The median diastolic interventricular septum thickness decreased by 14% (mean 26%, P = 0.028) and the median left ventricular mass by 10% (mean 20%, P = 0.018). Fifteen months later these dimensions had increased but not completely returned to pretreatment values.Extended treatment with pivalic acid containing antibiotics causes carnitine depletion which may lead to changes in cardiac structure.
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| 6. |
- Claesson, B A, et al.
(författare)
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Serum antibody response to capsular polysaccharide, outer membrane, and lipooligosaccharide in children with invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infections.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 25:12, s. 2339-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum antibodies against capsular polysaccharide (CPS), outer membrane (OM), and lipooligosaccharide (LOS) from Haemophilus influenzae type b were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in acute- and convalescent-phase sera from 21 children between 3 months and 4 years of age with invasive H. influenzae type b infections. As expected, the levels of anti-CPS antibodies in the acute-phase serum samples were low or not detectable, as were the levels of antibodies against LOS. In contrast, all children had detectable antibodies against the OM in the acute-phase serum sample, indicating that they are of little or no importance for protection. An antibody response to CPS was noted in 13 of the 21 patients, mainly in the older children. An antibody response to the OM was seen in 16 patients, with no evident relation to age. The antibody response to the OM preparation, which consisted of proteins and LOS, was probably directed mainly against the OM proteins, since only six children showed a response, usually of low magnitude, of antibodies to LOS.
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| 7. |
- Geback, C., et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure in adult women with urinary tract infection in childhood
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0263-6352. ; 32:8, s. 1658-1664
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and development of hypertension over four decades in women with childhood urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with renal damage. Methods: A population-based group of 111 women was followed from their first UTI in childhood. The cohort was investigated at a median age of 27 years using standardized office BP measurement and was reinvestigated 15 years later with 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and Tc-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan for evaluation of renal damage. Results: Eighty-six women with median age 41 years completed the reinvestigation. Hypertension occurred in 26 women, four of 28 (14%) without and 22 of 58 (38%) with renal damage (P=0.04). The hypertension was diagnosed before entry in seven and in the study by ABPM in another 19 women. In 78 women, of which 50 had renal damage, the ABPMs were correlated to renal damage. There was significant difference between the groups without and with renal damage when mean 24-h systolic, mean daytime systolic and mean night-time SBP were compared (P=0.03, P=0.04, P=0.01, respectively). The results remained significant when the group with damage was divided into subgroups with increasing extent of damage: class 1, 2 and 3 (P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.008, respectively). Conclusion: Women with UTI-associated renal damage but well preserved function had significantly higher 24-h ambulatory BP and more often hypertension than comparable women without damage. This shows that women with UTI-associated renal damage are at increased risk of hypertension and should be considered for regular BP screening, preferably with 24-h ABPM.
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