| 1. |
- Bexelius, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
27 forskare : Så kan EU:s murar rivas
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Dagens samhälle. - : Sveriges kommuner och landsting. - 1652-6511. ; :20150923
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 2. |
- Erixon, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
-
Is the psychology of high profits detrimental to industrial renewal? Experimental evidence for the theory of transformation pressure
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of evolutionary economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0936-9937 .- 1432-1386. ; 25:2, s. 475-511
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The theory of transformation pressure maintains, by reference to cognitive and emotional factors, that productivity and innovation are stimulated by a decline in actual profits. In periods of increasing profits, firms governed by historical relativism, the peak-end rule and overconfidence will opt for the status quo. In the following profit recession, actors become more alert, calculating and creative, favoring a transformation, especially if they fear that the survival of the firm is at stake. The theory of transformation pressure was tested by a within-subjects experiment where undergraduate students in macroeconomics acted as managers for an established company. The role play sheds light on the students' investment strategy choices and underlying psychological perceptions under varying profit conditions. The theory was only partly confirmed by the experiment. There are arguments in industrial economics, psychology and neuroscience for a qualified theory of transformation pressure. Productivity is enhanced by moderate pressure or by periodic shifts between hard pressure and good opportunity.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Horn, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
The WTO Dispute Settlement System 1995-2010 : Some Descriptive Statistics
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of World Trade. - The Hague, Netherlands : Kluwer Law International. - 1011-6702 .- 2210-2795. ; 45:6, s. 1107-1138
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the busiest state to state court nowadays. It is a rarity in international relations since it includes compulsory third-party adjudication and a permanent second instance court. This paper aims to shed light on the actual use of the system by WTO Members. We divide WTO Members into five distinct groups and evaluate their participation in terms of which agreements they invoke as legal benchmark to challenge practices by other WTO Members, the identity of panelists chosen, their percentage of wins and defeats, etc. The time span for our statistical observations extends from the advent of the WTO 1995 to end of 2010.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johannesson, Emilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Utility of heparin-binding protein following cardiothoracic surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiothoracic surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers an inflammatory state that may be difficult to differentiate from infection. Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a candidate biomarker for sepsis. As data indicates that HBP normalizes rapidly after cardiothoracic surgery, it may be a suitable early marker of postoperative infection. We therefore aimed to investigate which variables influence postoperative HBP levels and whether elevated HBP concentration is associated with poor surgical outcome. This exploratory, prospective, observational study enrolled 1475 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery using CPB, where HBP was measured at ICU arrival. Patients with HBP in the highest tercile were compared to remaining patients. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify factors predictive of elevated HBP and 30-day mortality. Overall median HBP was 30.0 ng/mL. Patients undergoing isolated CABG or surgery with CPB-duration ≤ 60 min had a median HBP of 24.9 ng/mL and 23.2 ng/mL, respectively. Independent predictors of elevated postoperative HBP included increased EuroSCORE, prolonged CPB-duration and high intraoperative temperature. Increased HBP was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. This study confirms the promising characteristics of HBP as a biomarker for identification of postoperative sepsis, especially after routine procedures. Further studies are required to investigate whether HBP may detect postoperative infections.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Johannesson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Basic language learning in artificial animals
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. - 9783319993157 ; 848, s. 155-161
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explore a general architecture for artificial animals, or animats, that develops over time. The architecture combines reinforcement learning, dynamic concept formation, and homeostatic decision-making aimed at need satisfaction. We show that this architecture, which contains no ad hoc features for language processing, is capable of basic language learning of three kinds: (i) learning to reproduce phonemes that are perceived in the environment via motor babbling; (ii) learning to reproduce sequences of phonemes corresponding to spoken words perceived in the environment; and (iii) learning to ground the semantics of spoken words in sensory experience by associating spoken words (e.g. the word “cold”) to sensory experience (e.g. the activity of a sensor for cold temperature) and vice versa.
|
|
| 8. |
- Johannesson, Louise, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Black Cat, White Cat : The Identity of the WTO Judges
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of World Trade. - : Kluwer Law International. - 1011-6702 .- 2210-2795. ; 49:4, s. 685-698
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- World Trade Organization (WTO) judges are proposed by the WTO Secretariat and elected to act as 'judges' if either approved by the parties to a dispute, or, by the WTO Director-General in case no agreement between the parties has been possible. They are typically 'Geneva crowd', that is, they are either current or former delegates representing their country before the WTO. This observation holds for both first as well as second instance WTO judges (e.g., Panellists and members of the Appellate Body). In that, the WTO evidences an attitude strikingly similar to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Whereas the legal regime has been heavily 'legalized', the people called to enforce it remain the same.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Johannesson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Services Trade : The Great Gender Equaliser?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Foreign Trade Review. - : Sage Publications. - 0015-7325 .- 0971-7625. ; 56:3, s. 341-363
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standing at 24% in 2018, India's female labour force participation is only half of the global average (48%). At the same time, India has one of the widest gender wage gaps in the world and women are less likely to be employed in the formal sector compared to men. This article focuses on how international trade affects relative wages and formal employment between men and women in India. Using the Revealed Symmetrical Comparative Advantage index, sectors of comparative advantage and disadvantage are identified and matched to Indian labour force surveys that contain information on sectoral employment and earnings. We find that sectors of comparative advantage in services have the lowest gender wage gap, with women earning 24% less than their male counterparts, while women in manufacturing earned on average 40% less than male workers. Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we find that the total gender wage gap in sectors of comparative advantage in services are minor while it is quite substantial in manufacturing, regardless of comparative advantage status. The article concludes that services trade goes hand in hand with a smaller gender wage gap as women leverage their skills better in services than in manufacturing.
|
|
