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| 2. |
- Engstrand, Per O., 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Mekmassainitiativet för energieffektivitet, e2mp-i
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet har drivits som ett program för finansiering av forskning som ska utveckla ochdemonstrera tekniker som reducerar elenergiförbrukningen med 50% vid tillverkning avTMP och CTMP med bibehållna slutproduktegenskaper hos tryckpapper och kartong.Programmet är en del av skogsindustrins initiativ att under en tioårsperiod tillsammansmed svenska och norska finansiärer investera minst 200 Mkr för att nå detta radikalaeffektiviseringsmål. Ett uttalat mål för industriinitiativet är också att befästaforskningsnoderna vid FSCN i Sundsvall och PFI i Trondheim.Parallellt med Energimyndighetens finansiering, 30 Mkr, har Norges Forskningsråd satsat25 MNOK (2010‐14) i industriinitiativet, KK‐stiftelsen 36 MSEK (2011‐17) ochMittuniversitetet har finansierat12 MSEK. Industrins totala satsning kommer att överstiga100 MSEK redan vid utgången av 2017.Resultat från benchmarkingstudien BAT2012 av industrins modernaste TMP‐ och CTMPlinjersamt från demonstrationsskaleprojekt visas i rapporten. Projekten baseras delvis pågrundläggande forskningsprojekt genomförda inom FSCN´s KK‐stiftelse‐finansieradeforskningsprofil och projektet ”Filling the Gap” 31676‐, ISSN 1650‐5387 2014:57. Resultaten visar följande reduktionsnivåer; 28% TMP för news (Braviken), 14% TMP för SC(Kvarnsveden) och 21% CTMP för kartong (Skoghall).Utöver demoprojekten finns ytterligare tydliga potentialer beskrivna i övriga delprojekt:Processintensifiering och processmodifiering > 15%Processtabilitet via avancerad processanalys och reglering > 15%Kombinera effektivaste processavsnitt från benchmarking ca 25%Detta gör det troligt att det kommer att gå att i fullskaliga demonstrationsförsök validera50% elenergireduktion inom de tre produktområdena, förutsatt att fortsattforskningsfinansiering finns tillgänglig. Tre av de idéer till avknoppningsprojekt somframkommit under projektets gång har redan erhållit beslut om finansiering frånEnergimyndigheten 2015. Ytterligare projektförslag baserade på den här redovisadeforskningen kommer att ingå i ansökningar under 2016. Utöver energireduktion i själva TMP‐ och CTMP‐processerna har forskare vid FSCN lagt forskningsgrunden för hur manska kunna tillverka mycket starka förpackningsmaterial från dessa massatyper på ettenergieffektivt sätt. Även inom detta område kommer en ansökning omuppskalningsprojekt att skickas in.
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| 3. |
- Adolfsson, Emma, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from donors with coronary artery disease : growth, yield, gene expression and the effect of oxygen concentration
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 80:4, s. 318-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cardiovascular cell therapy are procured from different sources including bone marrow and adipose tissue. Differently located MSCs differ in growth potential, differentiation ability and gene expression when cultured in vitro, and studies show different healing abilities for different MSC subgroups. In this study, bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue derived MSCs (ADSCs) from six human donors with coronary artery disease were compared for growth potential and expression of target genes (Angpt1, LIF, HGF, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A) in response to exposure to 1% and 5% O2, for up to 48 h. We found greater growth of ADSCs compared to BMSCs. ADSCs expressed higher levels of Angpt1, LIF and TGF-β1 and equal levels of VEGF-A and HGF as BMSCs. In BMSCs, exposure to low oxygen resulted in upregulation of TGF-β1, whereas other target genes were unaffected. Upregulation was only present at 1% O2. In ADSCs, LIF was upregulated in both oxygen concentrations, whereas Angpt1 was upregulated only at 1% O2. Different response to reduced oxygen culture conditions is of relevance when expanding cells in vitro prior to administration. These findings indicate ADSCs as better suited for cardiovascular cell therapy compared to BMSCs.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, August, et al.
(författare)
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(14)C-Based source assessment of soot aerosols in Stockholm and the Swedish EMEP-Aspvreten regional background site
- 2011
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1352-2310 .- 1873-2844. ; 45:1, s. 215-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combustion-derived soot or black carbon (BC) in the atmosphere has a strong influence on both climate and human health. In order to propose effective mitigation strategies for BC emissions it is of importance to investigate geographical distributions and seasonal variations of BC emission sources. Here, a radiocarbon methodology is used to distinguish between fossil fuel and biomass burning sources of soot carbon (SC). SC is isolated for subsequent off-line (14)C quantification with the chemothermal oxidation method at 375 degrees C (CTO-375 method), which reflects a recalcitrant portion of the BC continuum known to minimize inadvertent inclusion of any non-pyrogenic organic matter. Monitored wind directions largely excluded impact from the Stockholm metropolitan region at the EMEP-Aspvreten rural station 70 km to the south-west. Nevertheless, the Stockholm city and the rural stations yielded similar relative source contributions with fraction biomass (f(biomass)) for fall and winter periods in the range of one-third to half. Large temporal variations in (14)C-based source apportionment was noted for both the 6 week fall and the 4 month winter observations. The f(biomass) appeared to be related to the SC concentration suggesting that periods of elevated BC levels may be caused by increased wood fuel combustion. These results for the largest metropolitan area in Scandinavia combine with other recent (14)C-based studies of combustion-derived aerosol fractions to suggest that biofuel combustion is contributing a large portion of the BC load to the northern European atmosphere.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Gunnel, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary incontinence prevalence, impact on daily living and desire for treatmentt : a population-based study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 38:2, s. 125-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence in a representative population in Sweden, and to assess to what extent the condition affects daily life and to what degree those afflicted desire treatment.MATERIAL AND METHODS:In a population-based study, a postal questionnaire comprising 12 questions on urinary incontinence was sent to a representative sample of 15 360 randomly selected residents (aged 18-79 years) of Orebro County, Sweden. This was a supplement to a comprehensive survey of public health and general living conditions.RESULTS:The response rate was 64.5%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 19% when defined as "any leakage" and 7% when defined as "at least once a week". Women were more afflicted than men, and the proportion of people with urinary incontinence increased markedly with increasing age. Most considered their problems to be minor, having little impact on daily life, which was reflected by the fact that only 18% of those with urinary incontinence desired treatment. About 17% of those with urinary incontinence reported severe problems that interfered with daily life. Of respondents with severe problems, 42% did not want treatment.CONCLUSION:According to this population-based study, urinary incontinence is not a major problem for most people in the community. Although a considerable proportion of the population report urinary incontinence, the majority experience minor problems and only 18% desire treatment. For a limited group of people, urinary incontinence is a severe problem. It is important that healthcare resources are optimized to identify and meet the needs of those who are most afflicted.
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| 9. |
- Baldanzi, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerometer-based physical activity is associated with the gut microbiota in 8416 individuals in SCAPIS.
- 2024
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Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3964. ; 100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous population-based studies investigating the relationship between physical activity and the gut microbiota have relied on self-reported activity, prone to reporting bias. Here, we investigated the associations of accelerometer-based sedentary (SED), moderate-intensity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity (VPA) physical activity with the gut microbiota using cross-sectional data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study.METHODS: In 8416 participants aged 50-65, time in SED, MPA, and VPA were estimated with hip-worn accelerometer. Gut microbiota was profiled using shotgun metagenomics of faecal samples. We applied multivariable regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and technical covariates, and accounted for multiple testing.FINDINGS: Overall, associations between time in SED and microbiota species abundance were in opposite direction to those for MPA or VPA. For example, MPA was associated with lower, while SED with higher abundance of Escherichia coli. MPA and VPA were associated with higher abundance of the butyrate-producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia spp. We observed discrepancies between specific VPA and MPA associations, such as a positive association between MPA and Prevotella copri, while no association was detected for VPA. Additionally, SED, MPA and VPA were associated with the functional potential of the microbiome. For instance, MPA was associated with higher capacity for acetate synthesis and SED with lower carbohydrate degradation capacity.INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that sedentary and physical activity are associated with a similar set of gut microbiota species but in opposite directions. Furthermore, the intensity of physical activity may have specific effects on certain gut microbiota species.FUNDING: European Research Council, Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.
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| 10. |
- Barbu, Andreea, et al.
(författare)
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Blood flow in endogenous and transplanted pancreatic islets in anesthetized rats : Effects of lactate and pyruvate
- 2012
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - 0885-3177 .- 1536-4828. ; 41:8, s. 1263-1271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exogenously administered lactate and pyruvate on blood perfusion in endogenous and transplanted islets. METHODS: Anesthetized Wistar-Furth rats were given lactate or pyruvate intravenously, and regional blood perfusion was studied 3 or 30 minutes later with a microsphere technique. Separate rats received a 30-minute infusion of pyruvate or lactate into the portal vein before blood flow measurements. We also administered these substances to islet-implanted rats 4 weeks after transplantation and measured graft blood flow with laser Doppler flowmetry. The expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A was analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A was markedly up-regulated in transplanted as compared with endogenous islets. Administration of pyruvate, but not lactate, increased mesenteric blood flow after 3 minutes. Pyruvate decreased mesenteric blood flow after 30 minutes, whereas lactate decreased only islet blood flow. These responses were absent in transplanted animals. A continuous intraportal infusion of lactate or pyruvate increased selectively islet blood flow but did not affect blood perfusion of transplanted islets. CONCLUSIONS: Lactate and pyruvate affect islet blood flow through effects mediated by interactions between the liver and the nervous system. Such a response can help adjust the release of islet hormones during excess substrate concentrations.
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