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| 3. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Mining and Sustainable Development : Gender, Diversity and Work Conditions in Mining
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish mining companies and surrounding mining communities face many challenges when it comes to social sustainable development. For example, a strong mining workplace culture and community identity can create both strong cohesion but also lead to exclusion of certain groups, rejection of new ideas and reinforce traditional, masculine values. Other challenges include recruitment, as well as health and safety in relation to an increased use of contractors and automation of mining. The social dimension is relatively underdeveloped in studies of sustainable development in general and the mining industry in particular. This report reviews research on social sustainable development and mining with a special focus on (1) diversity of lifestyles, (2) gender, and (3) work conditions. Swedish and international research is reviewed and knowledge gaps are identified. All three areas of research can be regarded as relatively mature and they give important contributions to ourunderstanding of social sustainable development in relation to the mining sector even if they not always explicitly refer to it as such. There is a lack of research that links attitudes, policies and activities within companies to their impact on the wider society, and vice versa. Future research should also include the development of methods and indicators for social sustainability relevant for mining.
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| 5. |
- Bjernestedt, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Pupil dilation reflects interference during memory retrieval
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate that pupillometry can be used to track memory interference independent of explicit responses. Pupil diameter was recordedthroughout encoding and retrieval of words from the same category over 4 trials, causing buildup of proactive interference (PI). In a contrastingcondition, the category was switched on the 4th trial, causing release from interference (RI). Pupil dilation systematically increased for bothconditions as interference built up and retrieval performance declined. Critically, in trial 4 the RI condition resulted in improved retrievalperformance, with significantly smaller pupil dilation than in the PI condition, where performance continued to decline. Principal component analysisrevealed an early dilation peak possibly related to control of interference, and a later component possibly linked to memory search.
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| 6. |
- Clasen, Joanna L., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of complementary measures of vitamin B6 status, function, and metabolism in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
- 2021
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 114:1, s. 338-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Vitamin B6 insufficiency has been linked to increased risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. The circulating concentration of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is a commonly used measure of vitamin B6 status. Ratios of substrates indicating PLP coenzymatic function and metabolism may be useful complementary measures to further explore the role of vitamin B6 in health.OBJECTIVES: We explored the sensitivity of 5 outcomes, namely PLP concentration, homocysteine:cysteine (Hcy:Cys), cystathionine:cysteine (Cysta:Cys), the 3´-hydroxykynurenine ratio (HKr), and the 4-pyridoxic acid ratio (PAr) to vitamin B6 intake as well as personal and lifestyle characteristics.MEDTHODS: Dietary intake and biomarker data were collected from participants from 3 nested case-control studies within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Bayesian regression models assessed the associations of the 5 biomarker outcomes with vitamin B6 intake and personal and lifestyle covariates. Analogous models examined the relations of Hcy:Cys, Cysta:Cys, and HKr with PLP.RESULTS: In total, 4608 participants were included in the analyses. Vitamin B6 intake was most strongly associated with PLP, moderately associated with Hcy:Cys, Cysta:Cys, and HKr, and not associated with PAr (fold change in marker given a doubling of vitamin B6 intake: PLP 1.60 [95% credible interval (CrI): 1.50, 1.71]; Hcy:Cys 0.87 [95% CrI: 0.84, 0.90]; Cysta:Cys 0.89 [95% CrI: 0.84, 0.94]; HKr 0.88 [95% CrI: 0.85, 0.91]; PAr 1.00 [95% CrI: 0.95, 1.05]). PAr was most sensitive to age, and HKr was least sensitive to BMI and alcohol intake. Sex and menopause status were strongly associated with all 5 markers.CONCLUSIONS: We found that 5 different markers, capturing different aspects of vitamin B6-related biological processes, varied in their associations with vitamin B6 intake and personal and lifestyle predictors.
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| 7. |
- Dewi, Nikmah Utami, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropometry and the risk of lung cancer in EPIC
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 184:2, s. 129-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The associations of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements with lung cancer were examined in 348,108 participants in the European Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) between 1992 and 2010. The study population included 2,400 case patients with incident lung cancer, and the average length of follow-up was 11 years. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models in which we modeled smoking variables with cubic splines. Overall, there was a significant inverse association between BMI (weight (kg)/height (m)2) and the risk of lung cancer after adjustment for smoking and other confounders (for BMI of 30.0-34.9 versus 18.5-25.0, hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.84). The strength of the association declined with increasing follow-up time. Conversely, after adjustment for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were significantly positively associated with lung cancer risk (for the highest category of waist circumference vs. the lowest, hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.50). Given the decline of the inverse association between BMI and lung cancer over time, the association is likely at least partly due to weight loss resulting from preclinical lung cancer that was present at baseline. Residual confounding by smoking could also have influenced our findings.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Stability and immunoreactivity of the monoclonal anticytokeratin antibody TS1 after different degrees of iodination.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 38:3, s. 329-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The immunoreactivity, stability and in vivo kinetics of an anticytokeratin 8 monoclonal antibody, TS1, were investigated following different degrees of labeling with 125I (0.2, 1 and 2-3 125I/TS1 MAb). By testing with ELISA, it was demonstrated that a high degree of iodination, i.e. > 2 125I/TS1, caused a rapid decrease in immunoreactivity to almost zero within 10 days. Furthermore, a complete degradation to low molecular weight fragments and free iodine was seen, as shown by SDS PAGE and autoradiography. The differently labeled radionuclide conjugates were injected into nude mice inoculated with HeLa Hep2 cells and tumor doses (estimated by MIRD formalism), tumor:non-tumor dose ratios, % I.D./gram tissue, Gy/MBq and in vivo kinetics of the differently labeled MAbs were determined. Despite the in vitro instability of the highest iodinated radionuclide conjugate, it was possible to deliver high doses to the tumors if the conjugate was injected into the animal immediately after completion of the iodination procedure. Increases from 1.4 Gy to 15.2 Gy delivered tumor dose were obtained with a tenfold increase in the specific activity, without alterations in the tumor:non-tumor tissue dose ratios. There is room for significant improvements in efficacy at radioimmunotherapy, which can be gained by optimizing the degree of iodination. For therapeutical applications a high degree of iodination may be an advantage.
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