| 1. |
- van de Vegte, Yordi, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
|
|
| 2. |
- Jern, Mikael, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
-
The GAV Toolkit for Multiple Linked Views
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Fifth International Conference on Coordinated and Multiple Views in Exploratory Visualization, 2007. CMV '07.. - Los Alamitos, CA, USA : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769529038 ; , s. 85-97
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementing InfoVis multivariate data tools, timelinked coordinated views and visual dynamic queries with conditioning from scratch is not a simple programming task. Our research objective is to develop a generic GeoAnalytics visualization (GAV) component toolkit, based on the principles behind visual analytics (VA), for dynamically exploring time-varying, geographically referenced and multivariate attributes simultaneously. GAV includes components based on a synergy of technologies from information visualization, geovisualization and scientific visualization. Our research concentrates on improving visual user interfaces (VUI) methods and trying to extend existing visual representation techniques. The effectiveness of our proposed component toolkit and framework is demonstrated in two customized applications GeoWizard analysing multivariate energy usage data for Swedish municipalities and MD-Explorer exploring multivariate data using novel interactive ternary diagrams. We use parallel coordinates with embedded visual inquiry methods that serves as a visual control panel for dynamically linked and coordinated views. Finally, discoveries made during the visual exploration process can be captured and organized in a format for later recall and communication to others.
|
|
| 3. |
- Johansson, Anna-Maria, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of visual feedback, hand dominance and sex on individuated finger movements
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 239:6, s. 1911-1928
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to perform individual finger movements, highly important in daily activities, involves visual monitoring and proprioception. We investigated the influence of vision on the spatial and temporal control of independent finger movements, for the dominant and non-dominant hand and in relation to sex. Twenty-six healthy middle-aged to old adults (M age = 61 years; range 46–79 years; females n = 13) participated. Participants performed cyclic flexion–extension movements at the metacarpophalangeal joint of one finger at a time while keeping the other fingers as still as possible. Movements were recorded using 3D optoelectronic motion technique (120 Hz). The movement trajectory distance; speed peaks (movement smoothness); Individuation Index (II; the degree a finger can move in isolation from the other fingers) and Stationarity Index (SI; how still a finger remains while the other fingers move) were extracted. The main findings were: (1) vision only improved the II and SI marginally; (2) longer trajectories were evident in the no-vision condition for the fingers of the dominant hand in the female group; (3) longer trajectories were specifically evident for the middle and ring fingers within the female group; (4) females had marginally higher II and SI compared with males; and (5) females had fewer speed peaks than males, particularly for the ring finger. Our results suggest that visual monitoring of finger movements marginally improves performance of our non-manipulative finger movement task. A consistent finding was that females showed greater independent finger control compared with males.
|
|
| 4. |
- Johansson, Christian, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
A quest for knowledge?
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today, a new knowledge economy and more service-based offerings are commonly mentioned as a challenge for manufacturing companies. This challenge addresses the companies’ knowledge base and the traditional engineering expertise areas. The report starts from an assumption that there are differences in how knowledge is managed, as well as differences in the intentions to why it is managed. Based on this assumption, the purpose in the report is two-folded. First, the purpose is to conceptualize different facets of knowledge within a framework of technical product development. Second, the purpose is that the report serves as a trigger for discussions and reflections on existing practices in industrial workshops. So, despite that the report does not provide the “right” answers to these questions; they still guide the work in our research:• What is actually managed in every-day engineering project work?• And, for what purposes?The work accounted for in the report comes from a literature review and our jointefforts in understanding the research area from a theoretical perspective. First general views on knowledge is presented, including its classification in different ways, compared to information and data, as well as its division into tacit and explicit knowledge, or practical skills and theoretical knowledge. Human factors, including how people search for information, is also presented. Then a more explicit focus on technical knowledge is presented, showing the shift from knowledge as an artefact to a social and personal perspective in recent years. This also encompasses discussing the capabilities and knowledge of an engineer. A contribution of this report is the conceptualization of different facets of engineering knowledge; especially the more social aspects of engineering knowledge have been highlighted.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johansson, Christian, PhD, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Shaping wicked problem solvers : innovating education programs through design thinking
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of NordDesign 2020. - 9781912254088
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societies across the globe are facing many unprecedented challenges; climate change, pandemics, and resource depletion, just to name a few. These societal challenges, the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, and companies’ demands about knowledge and skills required from future employees have put pressure on academia to develop suitable education programmes in many disciplines, including product development and mechanical engineering. In this position paper, we present our work undertaken in phase-1 of the development of a new MSc programme in the field of product development and mechanical engineering at Blekinge Institute of Technology, aimed at addressing changing societal needs and demands of the future industry. We employ a generic design thinking approach, starting from key stakeholder needs with iterative execution of needfinding, benchmarking, and ideation. In these steps, we use several data collection and generation methods such as interviews, surveys, and workshops. The main outcome of phase-1 is the overall programme structure, consisting of three main focus streams — the engineering design core, three academic specializations (Product-Service Systems Design, Data-Driven Design, and Simulation- Driven Design), and the practical application profiling. Based on our experience of developing the overall programme structure, we offer recommendations for developing new programmes in this area.
|
|
| 6. |
- Jonsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictive metabolite profiling applying hierarchical multivariate curve resolution to GC-MS data : a potential tool for multi-parametric diagnosis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society. - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 5:6, s. 1407-1414
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for predictive metabolite profiling based on resolution of GC-MS data followed by multivariate data analysis is presented and applied to three different biofluid data sets (rat urine, aspen leaf extracts, and human blood plasma). Hierarchical multivariate curve resolution (H-MCR) was used to simultaneously resolve the GC-MS data into pure profiles, describing the relative metabolite concentrations between samples, for multivariate analysis. Here, we present an extension of the H-MCR method allowing treatment of independent samples according to processing parameters estimated from a set of training samples. Predictions or inclusion of the new samples, based on their metabolite profiles, into an existing model could then be carried out, which is a requirement for a working application within, e.g., clinical diagnosis. Apart from allowing treatment and prediction of independent samples the proposed method also reduces the time for the curve resolution process since only a subset of representative samples have to be processed while the remaining samples can be treated according to the obtained processing parameters. The time required for resolving the 30 training samples in the rat urine example was approximately 13 h, while the treatment of the 30 test samples according to the training parameters required only approximately 30 s per sample (approximately 15 min in total). In addition, the presented results show that the suggested approach works for describing metabolic changes in different biofluids, indicating that this is a general approach for high-throughput predictive metabolite profiling, which could have important applications in areas such as plant functional genomics, drug toxicity, treatment efficacy and early disease diagnosis.
|
|
| 7. |
- Wilhelmson, Anna S K, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased Intimal Hyperplasia After Vascular Injury in Male Androgen Receptor-Deficient Mice
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 157:10, s. 3915-3923
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intimal hyperplasia is a vascular pathological process involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Data suggest that T, the most important sex steroid hormone in males, protects men from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. T mainly acts via the androgen receptor (AR), and in this study we evaluated formation of intimal hyperplasia in male AR knockout (ARKO) mice using a vascular injury model. Two weeks after ligation of the carotid artery, male ARKO mice showed increased intimal area and intimal thickness compared with controls. After endothelial denudation by an in vivo scraping injury, there was no difference in the reendothelialization in ARKO compared with control mice. Ex vivo, we observed increased outgrowth of vascular smooth muscle cells from ARKO compared with control aortic tissue explants; the number of outgrown cells was almost doubled in ARKO. In vitro, stimulation of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells with a physiological T concentration inhibited both migration and proliferation of the cells. Analyzing the expression of central regulators of cell proliferation and migration, we found that mRNA and protein levels of p27 were lower in uninjured arteries from ARKO mice and that T replacement to castrated male mice increased p27 mRNA in an AR-dependent manner. In conclusion, AR deficiency in male mice increases intimal hyperplasia in response to vascular injury, potentially related to the effects of androgens/AR to inhibit proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells.
|
|
| 8. |
- Wilhelmson, Anna S K, et al.
(författare)
-
Testosterone is an endogenous regulator of BAFF and splenic B cell number
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testosterone deficiency in men is associated with increased risk for autoimmunity and increased B cell numbers through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that testosterone regulates the cytokine BAFF, an essential survival factor for B cells. Male mice lacking the androgen receptor have increased splenic B cell numbers, serum BAFF levels and splenic Baff mRNA. Testosterone deficiency by castration causes expansion of BAFF-producing fibro-blastic reticular cells (FRCs) in spleen, which may be coupled to lower splenic noradrenaline levels in castrated males, as an alpha-adrenergic agonist decreases splenic FRC number in vitro. Antibody-mediated blockade of the BAFF receptor or treatment with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine revert the increased splenic B cell numbers induced by castration. Among healthy men, serum BAFF levels are higher in men with low testosterone. Our study uncovers a previously unrecognized regulation of BAFF by testosterone and raises important questions about BAFF in testosterone-mediated protection against autoimmunity.
|
|
| 9. |
- Aeddula, Omsri, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
-
AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance for Autonomous Vehicles for Product-Service System Development
- 2024
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents an Artificial Intelligence-driven approach to predictive maintenance for Product-Service System (PSS) development. This study focuses on time-based and condition-based maintenance, leveraging variational autoencoders to identify both predicted and unpredicted maintenance issues in autonomous haulers. By analyzing data patterns and forecasting future values, this approach enables proactive maintenance and informed decision-making in the early stages of PSS development. The inclusion of interaction terms enhances the model’s ability to capture the interdependencies among system components, addressing hidden failure modes. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the developed models, showcasing resilience to noise and variations in operational data. The integration of predictive maintenance with PSS development offers a strategic advantage, providing insights into vehicle performance early in the development phases. This empowers decision-makers for efficient resource allocation and proactive maintenance planning. The research highlights the limitations and potential areas of improvement while also emphasizing the practical applicability and significance of the developed models in enhancing PSS development.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ax, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Short- and long-term effect of high versus low-to-moderate intensity exercise to optimise health-related quality of life after oncological treatment-results from the Phys-Can project
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - Heidelberg, Germany : Springer Nature. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 30:7, s. 5949-5963
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high intensity (HI) vs low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) up to 18 months after commencement of oncological treatment in patients with breast, colorectal or prostate cancer. In addition, we conducted a comparison with usual care (UC).METHODS: Patients scheduled for (neo)adjuvant oncological treatment (n = 577) were randomly assigned to 6 months of combined resistance and endurance training of HI or LMI. A longitudinal descriptive study (UC) included participants (n = 89) immediately before the RCT started. HRQoL was assessed by EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline, 3, 6 and 18 months (1 year after completed exercise intervention) follow-up. Linear mixed models were used to study the groups over time.RESULTS: Directly after the intervention, HI scored significant (P = 0.02), but not clinically relevant, higher pain compared with LMI. No other significant difference in HRQoL was found between the exercise intensities over time. Clinically meaningful improvements in HRQoL over time were detected within both exercise intensities. We found favourable significant differences in HRQoL in both exercise intensities compared with UC over time.CONCLUSION: This study adds to the strong evidence of positive effect of exercise and shows that exercise, regardless of intensity, can have beneficial effects on HRQoL during oncological treatment and also for a substantial time after completion of an exercise intervention. In this study, for one year after.IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Patients can be advised to exercise at either intensity level according to their personal preferences, and still benefit from both short-term and long-term improvements in HRQoL.
|
|
