| 1. |
- Öberg, Sandra, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences and management of incidents that influence sleep in patients with cardiovascular disease and insomnia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 35:4, s. 364-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a global problem and an important risk factor for patients living with cardiovascular disease (CVD), causing poor well-being and worsening disease prognosis. Yet, there is a lack of effective intervention strategies targeting sleep problems. To deliver patient-centered interventions and achieve good quality of sleep for this group, the own experiences of patients with CVD need to be understood.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe experiences that influence the sleep situation and management of sleep problems among patients with CVD and insomnia.METHOD: A qualitative descriptive design with critical incident technique methodology was used. Twenty patients (13 men and 7 women; mean age, 73 years; range, 47-83 years) with single or multiple verified CVD diagnoses and insomnia were included.RESULTS: Four underlying categories of sleep disruptors were identified: cognitive, social, physical, and behavioral. Participants experienced distress from the heart condition at night, physically and cognitively, with high levels of concern about its consequences for themselves and their families. Participants' sleep management preferences and responses included cognitive, behavioral, and pharmacological management strategies. Participants preferred their own nonpharmacological insomnia management over professional advice.CONCLUSION: Patients with CVD and insomnia experienced both physical and cognitive distress from their heart condition and chose to adopt nonpharmacological insomnia management. Tailored professional support is needed to change precipitating behavioral factors to be able to treat insomnia, improve sleep, reduce symptom burden, and enhance quality of life.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 4. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 5. |
- Callaghan, Terry, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Decadal Changes in Tundra Environments and Ecosystems : Synthesis of the International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (IPY-BTF)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 40:6, s. 705-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the responses of tundra systemsto global change has global implications. Most tundraregions lack sustained environmental monitoring and oneof the only ways to document multi-decadal change is toresample historic research sites. The International PolarYear (IPY) provided a unique opportunity for such researchthrough the Back to the Future (BTF) project (IPY project#512). This article synthesizes the results from 13 paperswithin this Ambio Special Issue. Abiotic changes includeglacial recession in the Altai Mountains, Russia; increasedsnow depth and hardness, permafrost warming, andincreased growing season length in sub-arctic Sweden;drying of ponds in Greenland; increased nutrient availabilityin Alaskan tundra ponds, and warming at mostlocations studied. Biotic changes ranged from relativelyminor plant community change at two sites in Greenland tomoderate change in the Yukon, and to dramatic increasesin shrub and tree density on Herschel Island, and in subarcticSweden. The population of geese tripled at one sitein northeast Greenland where biomass in non-grazed plotsdoubled. A model parameterized using results from a BTFstudy forecasts substantial declines in all snowbeds andincreases in shrub tundra on Niwot Ridge, Colorado overthe next century. In general, results support and provideimproved capacities for validating experimental manipulation,remote sensing, and modeling studies.
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| 7. |
- Feng, Xiaoshuang, et al.
(författare)
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Lung cancer risk discrimination of prediagnostic proteomics measurements compared with existing prediction tools
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 115:9, s. 1050-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We sought to develop a proteomics-based risk model for lung cancer and evaluate its risk-discriminatory performance in comparison with a smoking-based risk model (PLCOm2012) and a commercially available autoantibody biomarker test.METHODS: We designed a case-control study nested in 6 prospective cohorts, including 624 lung cancer participants who donated blood samples at most 3 years prior to lung cancer diagnosis and 624 smoking-matched cancer free participants who were assayed for 302 proteins. We used 470 case-control pairs from 4 cohorts to select proteins and train a protein-based risk model. We subsequently used 154 case-control pairs from 2 cohorts to compare the risk-discriminatory performance of the protein-based model with that of the Early Cancer Detection Test (EarlyCDT)-Lung and the PLCOm2012 model using receiver operating characteristics analysis and by estimating models' sensitivity. All tests were 2-sided.RESULTS: The area under the curve for the protein-based risk model in the validation sample was 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70 to 0.81) compared with 0.64 (95% CI = 0.57 to 0.70) for the PLCOm2012 model (Pdifference = .001). The EarlyCDT-Lung had a sensitivity of 14% (95% CI = 8.2% to 19%) and a specificity of 86% (95% CI = 81% to 92%) for incident lung cancer. At the same specificity of 86%, the sensitivity for the protein-based risk model was estimated at 49% (95% CI = 41% to 57%) and 30% (95% CI = 23% to 37%) for the PLCOm2012 model.CONCLUSION: Circulating proteins showed promise in predicting incident lung cancer and outperformed a standard risk prediction model and the commercialized EarlyCDT-Lung.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Kristin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen-scavenging coatings and films based on lignosulfonates and laccase
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 161:1, s. 14-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laccase and lignosulfonates were included in coating colors and embedded in latex-based or starch-based films and coatings on foil or board. After 6 days at 23C and 100% relative humidity, the oxygen content in airtight chambers decreased from 1.0% (synthetic gas consisting of 99% N2 and 1% O2) to 0.3% in the presence of board coated with lignosulfonate and laccase, while the oxygen content remained unchanged in control experiments without enzyme. The water stability of lignosulfonate-containing latex-based coatings and starch-based films was improved after laccase-catalyzed oxidation of lignosulfonates, which indicates polymerization to products with lower solubility in water. Furthermore, the E' modulus of starch-based films increased with 30%, which indicates laccase-catalyzed polymerization of lignosulfonates resulting in increased stiffness of the film. The results suggest that laccases and lignosulfonates can be used as an oxygen-scavenging system in active packaging and that enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of lignosulfonates contributes to improved water stability and mechanical properties. 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Marika, et al.
(författare)
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Barn med Downs syndrom och fritidsaktivitet : ur ett föräldraperspektiv
- 2019
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Ingår i: Arbetsterapiforum 2019.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund/Syfte: Barn med Downs syndrom utvecklas inte i samma takt som andra barn och är ibland socialt avskilda. Fritidsaktivitet leder både till delaktighet och utveckling. För att kunna delta i fritidsaktivitet behöver miljön i vissa fall anpassas så alla kan vara med och känna delaktighet. Det är vanligt att barn med Downs syndrom har tilläggsdiagnoser, bland annat autism. Föräldrar till barn med Downs syndrom har en viktig roll i sitt barns deltagande i fritidsaktivitet i många avseenden. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga deltagandet i fysiska och kreativa fritidsaktiviteter hos barn med Downs syndrom - utifrån ett föräldraperspektiv.Metod/Tillvägagångssätt: Enkäter skickades ut till Svenska Downföreningen, Föreningen för barn, unga och vuxna med utvecklingsstörning (FUB) och en Facebook grupp; ”Barn med Downs syndrom som går/inskrivna i särskola/sär-gymnasium”. Datamaterialet analyserades med deskriptiv statistik och Mann-Whitney test genomfördes för att beräkna skillnader mellan grupper.Resultat/Preliminärt resultat: Undersökningen visade att barn med Down syndrom är aktiva i fritidsaktivitet, särskilt av fysisk karaktär. Barnen deltog mellan 1–2 gånger per vecka, i en eller flera aktiviteter. Majoriteten av föräldrarna såg en positiv utveckling hos sitt barn, socialt, fysiskt och kommunikativt. Det fanns flera anledningar till varför barnet deltog i fritidsaktivitet, bland annat att barnet själv valt att delta och att föräldrarna ville att de skulle utvecklas. Orsaker till att barnet inte deltog i fritidsaktivitet var brist på resurser eller brist på passande fritidsaktiviteter.Slutsats/Praktisk tillämpning: Barn med Downs syndrom med/utan tilläggsdiagnos har ett högt deltagande i fritidsaktiviteter. Deltagande i fritidsaktivitet är en viktig faktor i utvecklingen hos barn med Downs syndrom.
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