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- Kim, Min Seo, et al.
(författare)
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Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet Global Health. - : Elsevier. - 2214-109X. ; 11:10, s. E1553-E1565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Peripheral artery disease is a growing public health problem. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden of peripheral artery disease, its risk factors, and temporospatial trends to inform policy and public measures.Methods: Data on peripheral artery disease were modelled using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database. Prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality estimates of peripheral artery disease were extracted from GBD 2019. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rate of peripheral artery disease attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed.Findings: In 2019, the number of people aged 40 years and older with peripheral artery disease was 113 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99 center dot 2-128 center dot 4), with a global prevalence of 1 center dot 52% (95% UI 1 center dot 33-1 center dot 72), of which 42 center dot 6% was in countries with low to middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI). The global prevalence of peripheral artery disease was higher in older people, (14 center dot 91% [12 center dot 41-17 center dot 87] in those aged 80-84 years), and was generally higher in females than in males. Globally, the total number of DALYs attributable to modifiable risk factors in 2019 accounted for 69 center dot 4% (64 center dot 2-74 center dot 3) of total peripheral artery disease DALYs. The prevalence of peripheral artery disease was highest in countries with high SDI and lowest in countries with low SDI, whereas DALY and mortality rates showed U-shaped curves, with the highest burden in the high and low SDI quintiles.Interpretation: The total number of people with peripheral artery disease has increased globally from 1990 to 2019. Despite the lower prevalence of peripheral artery disease in males and low-income countries, these groups showed similar DALY rates to females and higher-income countries, highlighting disproportionate burden in these groups. Modifiable risk factors were responsible for around 70% of the global peripheral artery disease burden. Public measures could mitigate the burden of peripheral artery disease by modifying risk factors.
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- Kharrazi, S. M., et al.
(författare)
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Pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste as a precursor for synthesis of high porous activated carbon and its application for Pb (II) and Cr (VI) adsorption from aqueous solutions
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. - : Elsevier. - 0141-8130 .- 1879-0003. ; 180, s. 299-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effects of Elm tree sawdust pretreatments using alkali and alkaline earth metals (NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and Elm tree ash) and deashing solutions (water, HCl, HNO3 and aqua regia) before the carbonization process on the porosity of produced activated carbons and Pb (II) and Cr (VI) adsorption were studied. The activated carbons were characterized by pore size distribution, surface area, FTIR, and SEM-EDX analysies. Based on the results, HCl leaching pretreatment of the biomass increased the activated carbon adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) from 114 to 190 mg g−1. The treatment of biomass with alkali and alkali earth metal salts, especially MgCl2, remarkably increased the activated carbon adsorption capacity of Pb (II) from 233 to 1430 mg g−1. The results indicated that Pb (II) adsorption was attributed to both the mesoporous structure of activated carbon and the abundance of Mg on the activated carbon's surface. On the other hand, the micropores played a major role in Cr (VI) adsorption capacity. The development of the micro- or mesoporous structure of activated carbons through pretreatment of lignocellulosic precursor could be an approach for providing high performance activated carbons for Pb (II) and Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions.
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- Kousha, M., et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of acid orange II dye by raw and chemically modified brown macroalga Stoechospermum marginatum
- 2012
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 192, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of acid orange II (AO7) dye from aqueous solution was examined onto untreated and chemically modified forms (treated with (i) propylamine, (ii) acidic methanol, (iii) formaldehyde and (iv) formic acid with formaldehyde) of brown alga, Stoechospermum marginatum. The adsorption was studied as a function of initial solution pH (2.0-10.0), initial dye concentration (30-90 mg/L), contact time (5-60 min) and biomass dosage (0.2-2.2 g/L) at constant temperature and agitation speed. The kinetic data were well described with the pseudo-second-order model. The results revealed that amine functional groups were mainly responsible for the adsorption of acid orange II dye. The modification of biomass with propylamination enhanced the dye adsorption capacity about two times of the untreated algal biomass. These findings were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
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