| 1. |
- Jonsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Geriatric rehabilitation as an integral part of geriatric medicine in the Nordic countries
- 2003
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Ingår i: Danish Medical Bulletin. - 0907-8916. ; 50:4, s. 439-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: First, to outline the theoretical and practical framework for geriatric rehabilitation in the Nordic countries and second, to survey the scientific medical publications for evidence-based geriatric rehabilitation. Methods: Brainstorming on geriatric rehabilitation in a working group of Nordic teachers in geriatric medicine. Papers on scientific programmes for geriatric rehabilitation from Internet sources were collected and analyzed. All articles describing randomized studies in geriatric rehabilitation were selected for meta-analyses. The papers were divided into four groups according to diseases, infirmity and resource settings: stroke, hip-fractures, acute admissions and programmes conducted in nursing homes, day hospitals and home services. Results: The literature survey included 30 scientific studies (9496 patients) in randomized trials with valid endpoints. Geriatric rehabilitation programmes for stroke patients in geriatric settings (six papers, 1138 patients) reduced mortality and the need for nursing home placement, but the outcome for ADL function was not significantly changed. Function and length of stay varied between the studies. The outcome of geriatric rehabilitation was even more decisive in the randomized hip-fracture studies (seven articles, 2414 patients): the readmission rate and cost were significantly better. Ten studies were found, comparing the outcome of acute admissions of frail elderly patients (4683) with either geriatric (GEMU, GRU) or general medical wards. The effect of rehabilitation regarding mortality rate at one year, placement in a nursing home, physical function, contentment with services, readmission rate and cost was significant improvement in the geriatric settings. Internal comparisons of geriatric programmes in nursing homes, day hospitals and in-home services (seven studies, 1261 patient) revealed some differences in outcomes regarding function, contentment and costs. Conclusion: Specialized geriatric rehabilitation is complicated but effective when properly performed. Interdisciplinary teamwork, targeting of patients, comprehensive assessment and intensive and patient-targeted rehabilitation seem to characterize the most effective programmes. Rehabilitation of frail elderly people poses a major future challenge and has to be developed further for the sake of elderly people's quality of life as well as economic reasons.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Aidas, Kestutis, et al.
(författare)
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The Dalton quantum chemistry program system
- 2014
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Ingår i: WIREs Computational Molecular Science. - : Wiley. - 1759-0876 .- 1759-0884. ; 4:3, s. 269-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dalton is a powerful general-purpose program system for the study of molecular electronic structure at the Hartree-Fock, Kohn-Sham, multiconfigurational self-consistent-field, MOller-Plesset, configuration-interaction, and coupled-cluster levels of theory. Apart from the total energy, a wide variety of molecular properties may be calculated using these electronic-structure models. Molecular gradients and Hessians are available for geometry optimizations, molecular dynamics, and vibrational studies, whereas magnetic resonance and optical activity can be studied in a gauge-origin-invariant manner. Frequency-dependent molecular properties can be calculated using linear, quadratic, and cubic response theory. A large number of singlet and triplet perturbation operators are available for the study of one-, two-, and three-photon processes. Environmental effects may be included using various dielectric-medium and quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics models. Large molecules may be studied using linear-scaling and massively parallel algorithms. Dalton is distributed at no cost from for a number of UNIX platforms.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Doctors’ and Nurses’ Perceptions of Military Pre-hospital Emergency Care
- 2014
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify physicians’ and nurses’ perceptions of military prehospital emergency care before and after an international mission. A qualitative empirical study with a phenomenographic approach was used. The aim is to identify the area of knowledge, pre-hospital care in a military environment, in terms of expressions from doctors and nurses focussing on the variation in how learning of pre-hospital care is perceived. The result of the study is a set of descriptive categories on a collective level, showing the variation in how doctors and nurses perceived the phenomenon of military pre-hospital emergency care. The results after predeployment training can be categorized as (1) to learn military medicine, (2) to take care of the casualty and (3) to have safety awareness. The results after an international mission can be categorized as (1) to collaborate with others, (2) to deliver general health care, and (3) to improve competence in military medicine. Possible implications of the results from the present study are the following; (I) better conditions for doctors and nurses to provide appropriate military medical care by clarification and better understanding of professions in the mission area (doctors, nurses, officers), since they may have different goals for their actions, (II) to pay attention to all aspects of military health care during predeployment training, including general health care in the mission area, (III) to implement new knowledge in military medicine in the predeployment training, and (IV) to train for the reality all doctors and nurses are about to meet. These results indicate that the training should be developed in order to optimize the prepare physicians and nurses for international assignments. This may result in increased safety for the provider of care, while at the same time minimizing suffering and enhancing the possibility of survival of the injured.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Doctors' and nurses' perceptions of military pre-hospital emergency care - When training becomes reality
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 32, s. 70-77
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify physicians' and nurses' perceptions of military pre-hospital emergency care before and after an international mission. A qualitative empirical study with a phenomeno-graphic approach was used. The results after pre-deployment training can be categorised as (1) learning about military medicine and (2) taking care of the casualty. The results after an international mission can be categorised as (1) collaborating with others, (2) providing general health care and (3) improving competence in military medicine. These results indicate that the training should be developed in order to optimise pre-deployment training for physicians and nurses. This may result in increased safety for the provider of care, while at the same time minimising suffering and enhancing the possibility of survival of the injured. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Fixing the wounded or keeping lead in the air-tactical officers' views of emergency care on the battlefield.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Military medicine. - : Association of Military Surgeons Us. - 0026-4075 .- 1930-613X. ; 180:2, s. 224-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify tactical officers' views of prehospital emergency care in the field before an international mission. A qualitative study with a phenomenographic approach based on interviews was used. The result of this study is a set of descriptive categories on a collective level, showing the variation in how the tactical officers perceived the phenomenon of emergency care in the battlefield. The result can be viewed as (1) noncombat-oriented including being able to do one's specialist task, being able to talk with local people, and being able to give first aid, and (2) combat-oriented including soldiers' skills and roles in the unit, being able to act in the unit, and being able to lead the care of injured. These findings are important for officers' preparation for international missions. The interaction between military and medical knowledge on-site care should be developed between the tactical officer and the medical personnel in order to minimize suffering and to enhance the possibility for survival of the casualty.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction, Action, and Reflection : How Medics Learn Medical Care in the Swedish Armed Forces
- 2013
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Ingår i: Military medicine. - : Association of Military Surgeons of the U S. - 0026-4075 .- 1930-613X. ; 178:8, s. 861-866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to examine how medics within the Swedish Armed Forces perceive their learning outcome following military prehospital training. A qualitative study with a phenomenographic approach was used to investigate how learning is perceived among military medics. At meta level, the results can be viewed as an interaction, i.e., being able to collaborate in the medical platoon, including the ability to interact within the group and being able to lead; an action, i.e., being able to assess and treat casualties, including the ability to communicate with the casualty, to prioritize, and to be able to act; and a reflection, i.e., having confidence in one's own ability in first aid, including being prepared and feeling confident. interaction during the period of education is important for learning. action, being able to act in the field, is based on a drill in which the subject progresses from simple to complex procedures. reflection, learning to help others, is important for confidence, which in turn creates preparedness, thereby making the knowledge meaningful.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, 1953-
(författare)
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Militär akutsjukvård i fält : när den övade verkligheten blir verklig
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: Governing for the Armed Forces health care is respect for human dignity and the view of each individual as irreplaceable. The quality of the military care will be at a level equivalent to that of today's civil peace healthcare, which requires that the training is of high quality. Casualty care in the military environment is a complex, challenging and dangerous task. Today there is a lack of knowledge about how to learn these skills. The purpose of the research was to identify the knowledge area pre-hospital care in the military environment by examining what doctors, nurses, paramedics and officers learn about military health care during preparation and exercise.Method: A phenomenographic approach was used in all sub-studies, and empirical data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Study I‐III are cross-sectional studies and study IV is a longitudinal study. Twelve registered nurses who had served in Bosnia were interviewed for study I, and 24 conscript paramedics were interviewed for study II. Study III included 20 officers in their pre-deployment training for service in Afghanistan and Liberia, and Study IV included 7 doctors and twenty nurses who previously had served in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo and Liberia.Results: Learning military health care by training and gaining experience can be seen as different abilities; interaction, action and reflection. In-depth analysis at a meta--‐level revealed that the integration between the military and military medical fields of knowledge was missing. The results indicate that participants' understanding of their respective fields of knowledge is inadequate and needs to be integrated in education in a clearer way.Implications: To create opportunities for better education and integration in these fields of knowledge are proposed (1) that the findings of the thesis could be utilised to develop the design of the curriculum (2) the inter-professional learning is introduced as a part of creating a safer and more effective pre-hospital care, (3) the clinical competence becomes part of the development of pre-hospital emergency care in the field, and (4) that the training is built according to the principle of "train as you fight" with emphasis on the requirements in the combat zone.
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| 9. |
- Andreasson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Ambulance personnel should take pictures at the sites of accidents!
- 2001
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 26-27:98, s. 3162-3163
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bror Gårdelöf och Thomas Blomberg ställer i Läkartidningen 8/01 (sidorna 856-8) frågan om vem som skall fotografera på olycksplats. Per Örtenwall ifrågasätter i Läkartidningen 15/01 (sidorna 1825-6) om olyckan överhuvudtaget skall fotograferas. Författarna är sedan ett år verksamma i ett av de forskningsprojekt i Västra Götalandsregionen som Per Örtenwall nämner. Syftet är att utröna om bilder tagna på olycksplats tillför patienten och vården något av värde.
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| 10. |
- Appel, Silke, et al.
(författare)
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Potential association of muscarinic receptor 3 gene variants with primary Sjogren's syndrome
- 2011
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 70:7, s. 1327-1329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is characterised by a chronic inflammation of exocrine glands. Salivary gland infiltrates, however, do not correlate well with disease symptoms, and a primary role for the salivary gland parenchyma in disease development has been suggested. Specifically, dysfunction of exocrine pathways involving the muscarinic receptor 3 (CHRM3) has been indicated. Objective: To investigate possible genetic divergence in the CHRM3 gene in patients with pSS. Methods: 530 patients with pSS and 532 controls from a combined Swedish and Norwegian cohort were genotyped for 84 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed throughout CHRM3. Results: Genetic association was observed with five SNPs localised in intron 3 and 4 of CHRM3, the strongest being rs7548522 (minor allele frequency = 0.06, OR=1.93, 95% CI (1.24 to 3.01); p=0.0033). In addition, clinical parameters, including focus score, abnormal Schirmer's test and presence of autoantibodies, were associated with different SNPs in CHRM3. Conclusion: The study demonstrates a novel association of CHRM3 polymorphisms with pSS, suggesting a functional role for CHRM3 and the salivary gland parenchyma in the pathogenesis of pSS.
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