| 1. |
- Biermann, Max, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons learned from the Preem-CCS project – a pioneering Swedish-Norwegian collaboration showcasing the full CCS chain
- 2022
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Ingår i: 16th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference 2022 (GHGT-16).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the key findings of the Preem-CCS project, a co-funded Swedish-Norwegian R&D collaboration that investigated CO2 capture from the Preem refineries in Sweden, and subsequent ship transport of captured CO2 for permanent storage on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The project was conducted 2019-2022 and accomplished: 1) the on-site pilot scale demonstration of amine-based CO2 absorption using Aker Carbon Capture’s mobile test unit (MTU), 2) an in-depth investigation of energy-efficient heat supply for CO2 capture, 3) a detailed techno-economic evaluation of a feasible carbon capture and storage (CCS) chain (from CO2 capture in Sweden to ship transport to Norway), and 4) an investigation of relevant legal and regulatory aspects of trans-border CO2 transport between Sweden and Norway.
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| 2. |
- Biermann, Max, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Preem CCS - Synthesis of main project findings and insights
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Preem-CCS project was a Swedish-Norwegian collaboration that investigated CO2 capture from the Preem refineries in Sweden, and subsequent ship transport of captured CO2 for permanent storage on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The project was conducted from early 2019 to beginning of 2022 and funding was provided by the Norwegian CLIMIT-Demo program via Gassnova, by the Swedish Energy Agency and by the participating industry and research partners (Preem, Aker Carbon Capture, SINTEF Energy Research, Chalmers University of Technology, and Equinor). This report summarizes the key findings of the project activities listed below: - Pilot-scale testing of CO2 capture at the hydrogen production unit (HPU) at the Lysekil refinery using the Aker Carbon Capture (ACC) mobile test unit (MTU) - In-depth investigation of energy efficiency opportunities along the CCS chain, including the use of residual heat at the Lysekil refinery site to satisfy the energy requirements for solvent regeneration - Evaluation of the technical feasibility and cost evaluation of the CCS chain including CO2 capture and transportation by ship to storage facilities off the Norwegian west coast - Investigation of relevant legal and regulatory aspects related to trans-border CO2 transport and storage and national emissions reduction commitments in Norway and Sweden The report also discusses the next steps towards implementation of CCS at Preem refineries in Lysekil and Gothenburg.
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| 3. |
- Garðarsdóttir, Stefanía, et al.
(författare)
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Preem CCS – A Pioneering Swedish-Norwegian Collaboration Showcasing the Full CCS Chain
- 2021
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Ingår i: 15th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference 2021, GHGT 2021. - : Elsevier BV.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an overview of the Preem CCS project, a co-funded Swedish-Norwegian R&D initiative. The project aims to demonstrate CO2 capture at Preem's refinery in Lysekil, Sweden and investigating the techno-economic and regulatory aspects of capturing CO2 at the refinery in Sweden and transporting the CO2 cross borders to Norway for final storage with the Northern Lights infrastructure. The Preem CCS project started in 2019 and is due to finish by the end of 2021.
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| 4. |
- Jordal, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights. CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter. Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning.
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| 5. |
- Jordal, Kristin
(författare)
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Modeling and Performance of Gas Turbine Cycles with Various Means of Blade Cooling
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A method for simulating the cooled gas turbine is demonstrated. Based on equations and other knowledge found in the literature, a first-law thermodynamic, non-dimensional model is established and implemented in the equation-solving, programmable software IPSEpro. Increasing the water vapor or carbon dioxide contents of the gas turbine hot gas is found not to have an impact on the Stanton number, which is employed for the modeling of the heat transfer to the blade. The model is validated using experimental data from an industrial gas turbine and data found in the literature, and is found to give results easily in concordance with the case with which it is matched. Based on the validation, a reference gas turbine is established and employed for various cycle calculations. First, it is shown how gas turbine efficiency can increase with decreased coolant temperature and with a decrease in the ratio of specific heats between hot gas and coolant. Simple-cycle simulations are done to illustrate the impact of coolant pre-cooling, cooling with humid air and cooling with steam. Due to its high specific heat, steam is shown to have the best capacity for cycle performance enhancement. For the single-pressure combined cycle, it is shown how steam for cooling of the first gas turbine vane can be flashed from the water leaving the economiser in a split stream boiler. This is found to give a considerable increase in cycle thermal efficiency (more than three percentage points), but the concept needs to be further evaluated in order to establish whether it is technically feasible. For the studies of the HAT cycle, the role of the compressor modeling is emphasized. For a compressor with a given geometry, extracting a reduced amount of air for cooling will give an increase in the pressure ratio, which will have a positive impact on the HAT cycle thermal efficiency, but it will also, in practice, lead to the surge margin being approached. For cooling with humid air, there will be no significant increase in the HAT cycle thermal efficiency if the compressor ratio is maintained constant. Designing gas turbine cycles with a high thermal efficiency is not a goal in itself; also good economic performance is important. The impact of cooled blades for the profitability of the gas-turbine based power plant is illustrated briefly, with focus on heat resistance versus materials cost and on compressor washing intervals.
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| 6. |
- Thern, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Temporary CO2 capture shut down: Implications on low pressure steam turbine design and efficiency
- 2014
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Ingår i: 7th Trondheim Conference on Co2 Capture, Transport and Storage (2013). - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 51, s. 14-23
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Natural gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) with post combustion capture using liquid solvents may in some cases be of interest to design with a flexible steam bottoming cycle, so that it can operate both with and without CO2 capture. It is then important that the choice of the low pressure (LP) steam turbine exhaust size is made accordingly. The paper describes why a flexible NGCC requires a LP steam turbine with smaller exhaust than the corresponding NGCC without CO2 capture, and how this will affect the LP turbine exhaust loss and NGCC process efficiency. Handling large variations in LP steam flow is in fact wellknown technology in combined heat and power (CHP) plants, and the use of 3D simulation tools can further help making the best LP steam turbine design choice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
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