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- Östling, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The Humboldtian tradition and its transformations
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Humboldtian Tradition : Origins and Legacies. - Leiden : Brill Academic Publishers. - 2352-1325. - 9789004271920 ; 12
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Halverson, Kristin
(författare)
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Tools of the Trade : Medical Devices and Practice in Sweden and Denmark, 1855-1897
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nineteenth-century medicine is characterised by rapid technological change, new methods of diagnostics and treatments of disease, far-reaching developments in medical science, and professionalisation. This has led to great interest in the period and a large body of scholarly and popular research. However, much of this scholarship studies British, German and French contexts. There is a pressing need to study how knowledge and practice were transferred between regions and how medical technologies were adapted locally.In this study, I examine changes in medical practice in Sweden and Denmark by centring medical devices, as they were described and discussed in Swedish and Danish medical journals between 1855 and 1897. This is done by exploring the relationships between device, practice, and knowledge in four technological areas and how their use was explained in these journals. The four technological areas are lensed and mirrored instruments for examining the nose, throat, and eyes; orthopaedic treatment; antisepsis according to Joseph Lister; and asepsis. All four areas are well-researched internationally but entail a number of local particularities. These are significant in understanding local circumstances involved in their practical adoption.The analysis of these areas illustrates that, despite the international exchange of medical knowledge, knowledge was not always translated into practice seamlessly, in particular when involving the use of devices. Because of this, many of the articles exploring these technologies were instructional and attuned to local conditions. Practice unfolded in different ways, accounting for local circumstances. This thesis highlights the importance of examining the proliferation of nineteenth-century medical technologies on the local level and in practice, in order to better understand the practical predicaments involved in their use.
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| 6. |
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Historiska typer
- 2020. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Historikerns källmaterial befolkas ofta av standardiserade typer. Somliga typer har en mycket begränsad livslängd medan andra är mer beständiga. I boken lyfter ett antal forskare och skribenter fram varsin typ ur det nära eller fjärran förflutna.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Universitetets gränser
- 2019
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Ingår i: Lychnos: årsbok för idé- och lärdomshistoria. - Göteborg : Arche Press. - 0076-1648. ; 2019, s. 334-336
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Josephson, Peter, 1969-
(författare)
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Böcker eller universitet? : Om ett tema i tysk utbildningspolitisk debatt kring 1800
- 2009
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Ingår i: Lychnos. - Uppsala : Lärdomshistoriska samfundet. - 0076-1648. ; , s. 177-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has often been claimed that German universities were in a state of crisis at the close of the 18th century. Allegedly, professors only taught what could be found in books. Their thinking had hardened into convention and orthodoxy and their teaching had turned into a mechanical and pedantic routine. This description is to some extent accurate. The bored student who slept through lectures was something of a topos in university policy discourse at the time. That said, the question remains why teaching methods in the universities suddenly were thought to be obsolete. The means of instruction hadn’t changed much since the Middle Ages. In most cases, the professor read aloud from his manuscript; students listened, kept quite, and took notes. How does one account for the fact that this method of instruction was commonly considered expendable at the end of the 18th century? In this article I argue that the crisis in German higher education was triggered partly by the rapid growth of the contemporary book trade. Thanks to the printing press, critics asserted, students could henceforth acquire knowledge by their own efforts, and would no longer have to gather in lecture halls in order to listen to professors, who, each term, read their compendia to new audiences. Some suggested that one should abolish universities altogether. Others instead wanted to improve the methods of instruction so that the universities would once again become indispensable. My focus here is on how this topic was discussed among pedagogues, writers and members of the learned estate up until the founding of the University of Berlin in 1810.
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| 10. |
- Josephson, Peter, 1969-
(författare)
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Den akademiska frihetens gränser : Max Weber, Humboldtmodellen och den värdefria vetenskapen
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to an understanding of why Weber advocated a value-free science. In en essay from 1917, Weber writes that the question of whether or not one ought to make value judgments in the lecture hall is basically a question of practical university policy. Weber's statement warrants a study of previously relatively unexamined source material. Between 1908 and 1911 Weber wrote a number of articles dealing with university policy. Using these texts as a basis for my research, I discern four reasons why he calls for a value-free science. The first reason is that he wants to provide students with protection against political indoctrination. The second reason is that he wants to counteract the ideological fragmentation that threatens to arise within universities if teachers with fundamentally irreconcilable views assume the right to preach politics from the lectern. The third reason is that he wants to avoid giving the government an excuse to intervene in academic appointments in order to make sure that the faculties do not grant chairs to individuals who question the current form of government. The fourth reason, paradoxically, is that he wants to lay the foundation for an alternative political education of students. Such a political education would not force upon students certain previously determined norms and rules of action, but instead would encourage them to examine themselves and their ethical motives, thus creating autonomous individuals. Previous resarch has argued that Weber defended academic freedom at a time when powerful forces were at work to restrict it. This conclusion is partially anachronic. The right to express political opinions in the lecture hall was as a rule seen as part of academic freedom at the turn of the twentieth century. The problems Weber intends to solve with the doctrine of value-free science, including the discrimination of dissidents, is thus a direct and indirect result of academic freedom.
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