| 1. |
- Jousilahti, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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KOTAMO : Report on the state of equality and diversity in Finnish higher education institutions
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of the KOTAMO project (2021–22) has been to examine the state of equality, non-discrimination and diversity among teaching and research staff in Finnish higher education institutions and to propose recommendations for measures to address the problems identified. The study focused on gender equality and ethnic diversity. The report is based on a literature review, a survey addressed to higher education personnel, interviews with personnel and workshops held with personnel and financiers. The project was funded bythe Ministry of Education and Culture and implemented by Demos Helsinki, Oxford Research,Includia Leadership, Innolink, Inkeri Tanhua (Equality Research Helsinki), Liisa Husu and Kaskas.The report showed that Finnish higher education institutions still have a great deal of work to do in promoting gender equality and ethnic diversity and that they need support in this work. The main challenges are related to the inadequate implementation of equalit yand non-discrimination plans, the relatively low number of women and ethnic minorities at the highest career stages in universities, non-transparent recruitment processes, poorer career development among ethnic minorities (when compared to the majority population),discrimination experienced by these minorities, and a non-inclusive working culture.Promoting equality and diversity requires actions, support for higher education institutions and more research.
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| 2. |
- Jousilahti, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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KOTAMO : Selvitys korkeakoulujen tasa-arvon, yhdenvertaisuuden ja monimuotoisuuden tilasta Suomessa
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- KOTAMO-hankkeen (2021–22) tavoitteena on ollut selvittää opetus- ja tutkimushenkilökunnan tasa-arvon, yhdenvertaisuuden ja monimuotoisuuden tilaa suomalaisissa korkeakouluissasekä ehdottaa toimenpidesuosituksia havaittuihin ongelmiin vastaamiseksi. Selvitys keskittyi tarkastelemaan sukupuolten tasa-arvoa ja etnistä monimuotoisuutta. Selvitys perustuu kirjallisuuskatsaukseen, korkeakoulujen henkilöstölle osoitettuun kyselyyn, henkilöstönhaastatteluihin sekä henkilöstön ja rahoittajien kanssa pidettyihin työpajoihin. Hankkeen rahoitti opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö ja sen toteuttivat Demos Helsinki, Oxford Research,Innolink, Includia Leadership, Inkeri Tanhua (Equality Research Helsinki), Liisa Husu ja Kaskas.Selvityksestä ilmeni, että sukupuolten tasa-arvon ja etnisen monimuotoisuuden edistämisessä on vielä paljon tehtävää suomalaisissa korkeakouluissa ja ne tarvitsevat tukea tässä työssä.Keskeiset haasteet liittyvät tasa-arvo- ja yhdenvertaisuussuunnitelmien vajavaiseen toimeenpanoon, naisten ja etnisten vähemmistöjen suhteellisesti alhaiseen määrään ylimmillä uraportailla yliopistoissa, läpinäkymättömiin rekrytointiprosesseihin, etnisten vähemmistöjen valtaväestöä heikompaan urakehitykseen sekä näiden kokemaan syrjintään,ja epäinklusiiviseen työkulttuuriin. Tasa-arvon ja monimutoisuuden edistäminen edellyttäätoimia, tukea korkeakouluille ja lisää tutkimusta.
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| 3. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
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Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
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| 4. |
- Lu, Yingchang, et al.
(författare)
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New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and lean mass. In particular, the loci more strongly associated with BF% showed distinct cross-phenotype association signatures with a range of cardiometabolic traits revealing new insights in the link between adiposity and disease risk.
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| 5. |
- Magnussen, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Global effect of modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular disease and mortality
- 2023
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 389:14, s. 1273-1285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to evaluate the regional and sex-specific prevalence of the risk factors and their effect on these outcomes are lacking.Methods: We pooled and harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic regions participating in the Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium. We examined associations between the risk factors (body-mass index, systolic blood pressure, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, current smoking, and diabetes) and incident cardiovascular disease and death from any cause using Cox regression analyses, stratified according to geographic region, age, and sex. Population-attributable fractions were estimated for the 10-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and 10-year all-cause mortality.Results: Among 1,518,028 participants (54.1% of whom were women) with a median age of 54.4 years, regional variations in the prevalence of the five modifiable risk factors were noted. Incident cardiovascular disease occurred in 80,596 participants during a median follow-up of 7.3 years (maximum, 47.3), and 177,369 participants died during a median follow-up of 8.7 years (maximum, 47.6). For all five risk factors combined, the aggregate global population-attributable fraction of the 10-year incidence of cardiovascular disease was 57.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.4 to 62.1) among women and 52.6% (95% CI, 49.0 to 56.1) among men, and the corresponding values for 10-year all-cause mortality were 22.2% (95% CI, 16.8 to 27.5) and 19.1% (95% CI, 14.6 to 23.6).Conclusions: Harmonized individual-level data from a global cohort showed that 57.2% and 52.6% of cases of incident cardiovascular disease among women and men, respectively, and 22.2% and 19.1% of deaths from any cause among women and men, respectively, may be attributable to five modifiable risk factors. (Funded by the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05466825.)
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