| 1. |
- Drążkiewicz, Elżbieta, et al.
(författare)
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Forum : Russia's Invasion of Ukraine
- 2023
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Ingår i: Social Anthropology. - : Berghahn Books. - 0964-0282 .- 1469-8676. ; 31:2, s. 119-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It has been a year since the Russian invasion of Ukraine started. It is clear that the impact of this war goes far beyond Ukraine. We already know that it will have long-lasting consequences for the regional and global economy, in particular for energy and food security. The war is reshuffling old geo-political arrangements and alliances. It is also shaping the political landscapes of European states: international relations, inflation and migration are increasingly becoming key topics in national elections.
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| 2. |
- Honig, Jan Willem, et al.
(författare)
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An Exemplary Defeat : The West in Afghanistan, 2001-2021
- 2023
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Ingår i: Armed forces and society. - 0095-327X .- 1556-0848. ; 49:4, s. 989-1000
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Western defeat in Afghanistan was due to an inadequate process of strategic reflection informed, first, by an overestimation of the attractiveness of the Western political agenda to Afghans and, second, by overconfidence in the effectiveness of its military approach. As a corollary, popular support for the Taliban was underestimated. The insurgents possessed a degree of what we term strategic cohesion-a sociopolitical and military embeddedness within society-that produced a far stronger strategic effectiveness than we could replicate in our Afghan allies. Furthermore, a military-professional mindset underestimated the degree to which political considerations permeated the battlefield. The political effect of military actions was insufficiently integrated into strategic practice. Specifically, the linchpin officer in staff planning and field operations in Western armies struggled to act as what we term strategic colonels. In both respects, the war continues to offer important lessons for Western involvement in future conflict, including with Russia and China.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Honig, Jan Willem, et al.
(författare)
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The likely lads : The Joint Swedish-Finnish PRT in Mazar-e Sharif
- 2014
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Ingår i: From Venus to Mars? Provincial Reconstruction Teams and the European Military Experience in Afghanistan, 2001-2014. - Freiburg : Rombach Druck- und Verlagshaus. - 9783793097716 ; , s. 209-220
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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A Conventional War : Escalation in the War in Donbas, Ukraine
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Slavic Military Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1351-8046 .- 1556-3006. ; 34:1, s. 24-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The War in Donbas was in its early phases largely fought between non-state volunteer battalions and separatist forces. Yet unlike the expected theories of non-state actors, the war witnessed limited and symmetrical acts of escalation and rather conventional warfare. Building on primary Ukrainian sources, I argue that this limited escalation stems in part from shared cultural and military norms — a common normative framework — possessed by the belligerents. The contribution of this article is an empirical chronology of the War in Donbas, as well as a discussion of the influence of culture and norms in escalatory dynamics and use of force.
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| 6. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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A nation-in-the-making, in arms : Control of force, strategy and the Ukrainian Volunteer Battalions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Defence Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1470-2436 .- 1743-9698. ; 18:2, s. 147-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the core of waging war and strategy is the creation, control and use of force. This article investigates the volunteer battalions that mobilized in Ukraine during the spring of 2014. It contextualizes the volunteer phenomenon and focuses on the state strategies to establish control over these militias. As ambiguous entities arising from a situation characterized by rapid social change – revolution and war – the volunteer battalions threatened existing hierarchies and questioned state authority. The situation was exacerbated by the war, which deviated from the expectations of Ukrainian combatants and Western military observers alike. The state nevertheless enjoyed a modicum of success in reining in the militias through four strategies of undermining, co-option, incorporation and coercion. While predominantly integrated into a more rigid category of paramilitary forces, the volunteers continue to play a role in both the Ukrainian society and security sector to the unforeseeable future.
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| 7. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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All krigföring är av hybrid natur
- 2016
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Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; 118:4, s. 623-641
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All Warfare is Hybrid.It has recently been argued that a new form of warfare – hybrid warfare – is fundamentally changing the way our enemies fight against us. This supposedly unprecedented form of warfare is characterized by the mixing of methods and ways of organization, as well as the blurring of the line between war and peace. This article argues that hybrid warfare is just the newest military buzzword around. While the concept highlights fundamental questions regarding war and democratic norms of civil-military relations, it provides no answers. Rather, it harks back to an imaginary past characterized by simpleness and clarity. A thorough reading of the extensive literature on modern warfare would show that the concept describes what has become the norm: all warfare is hybrid. As with other unclear concepts built on shaky foundations, it is difficult to see how hybrid warfare can contribute to better understanding or policymaking.
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| 8. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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Ambiguity and Methodological Transparency in the Study of Civil War : An Answer to Themner’s ‘Lingering Command Structures’ in Liberia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Civil Wars. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-8249 .- 1743-968X. ; 24:4, s. 524-534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers who study civil wars and other armed conflicts are bound to face ambiguities. This article continues the discussion about research brokers in conflict zones that started in a 2019 special issue of Civil Wars and scrutinises the finding that Liberian wartime command structures continue to linger in informal guises long to the post-conflict. Absent transparent acknowledging of the ambiguities it glosses over, past scholarship risks a far too neat story that imbues arguments with untested assumptions. The result neither captures the complexity of contemporary realities of Liberian former combatants nor helps Liberia to move forward from its difficult past.
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| 9. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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Big man bargaining in African conflicts
- 2012
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Ingår i: African conflicts and informal power. - London : Zed Books. - 9781848138827 ; , s. 181-204
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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Broadening the Perspective on Military Cohesion
- 2018
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Ingår i: Armed forces and society. - : Sage Publications. - 0095-327X .- 1556-0848. ; 44:4, s. 571-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is difficult to underestimate the importance of cohesion for armed groups or organizations specialized and engaged in organized violence. This article argues that the recent debate on military cohesion has been far too narrow as it focused on Western state militaries during the 20th and 21st centuries, and even then only on the microlevel. It is necessary to broaden the perspective in order to construct theories that encompass even the vast majority of armed groups—the non-Western, nonstate, and nonmodern. This article advocates two ways of doing so: the investigation of cases that belong to these three types and broadening analysis to two new levels of analysis—the meso-level of armed groups and the macro-level, which contains state and society. Cohesion is established through harmonizing these three levels, which necessitates including them in the analysis in the first place.
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