| 1. |
- Johnson, Mats, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Fatty acids in ADHD: plasma profiles in a placebo-controlled study of Omega 3/6 fatty acids in children and adolescents.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1866-6116 .- 1866-6647. ; 4:4, s. 199-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess baseline levels and changes in plasma fatty acid profiles in children and adolescents with ADHD, in a placebo-controlled study with Omega 3/6 supplementation, and to compare with treatment response. Seventy-five children and adolescents aged 8-18years with DSM-IV ADHD were randomized to 3months of Omega 3/6 (Equazen eye q) or placebo, followed by 3months of open phase Omega 3/6 for all. n-3, n-6, n-6/n-3 ratio, EPA and DHA in plasma were measured at baseline, 3 and 6months. Subjects with more than 25% reduction in ADHD symptoms were classified as responders. At baseline, no significant differences in mean fatty acid levels were seen across active/placebo groups or responder/non-responder groups. The 0-3month changes in all parameters were significantly greater in the active group (p<0.01). Compared to non-responders, the 6-month responders had significantly greater n-3 increase at 3months and decrease in n-6/n-3 ratio at 3 and 6months (p<0.05). Omega 3/6 supplementation had a clear impact on fatty acid composition of plasma phosphatidyl choline in active versus placebo group, and the fatty acid changes appear to be associated with treatment response. The most pronounced and long-lasting changes for treatment responders compared to non-responders were in the n-6/n-3 ratio.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hult, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
-
ADHD and the QbTest: Diagnostic Validity of QbTest.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of attention disorders. - : SAGE Publications. - 1557-1246 .- 1087-0547. ; 22:11, s. 1074-1080
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We assess the diagnostic accuracy of the QbTest, which measures the cardinal symptoms of ADHD. METHOD: The study group comprised 182 children (mean age about 10 years), of whom 124 had ADHD and 58 had other clinical diagnosis of which 81% had ASD. RESULTS: Only QbTest parameters for inattention and hyperactivity differentiated between ADHD and other clinical diagnoses at the p ≤ .01 level, not for measures of impulsivity. Sensitivity ranged from 47% to 67% and specificity from 72% to 84%. Positive predictive value ranged from 41% to 86%, and negative predictive value from 43% to 86%. Area under the curve varied from .70 to .80. CONCLUSION: The ability of the individual QbTest parameters to identify ADHD was moderate. The test's ability to discriminate between ADHD subtypes was unsatisfactory.
|
|
| 3. |
- Johnson, Mats, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with oppositional defiant disorder in Swedish children - an open study of collaborative problem solving.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 101:6, s. 624-630
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) in Swedish 6-13-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Methods: Seventeen families completed 6-10 sessions of CPS training. Primary outcome measures were SNAP-IV (ADHD and ODD scores) and Clinical Global Impression - Improvement (CGI-I) scores at baseline, post-intervention and 6 months later. Secondary outcome measures were the Conners'-10-item scale and the Family Burden of Illness Module (FBIM). Results: All 17 participants completed the intervention. The whole group had significant reductions in SNAP-IV ODD, ADHD, total Conners' and FBIM scores, both post-intervention and at 6-month-follow-up. Eight of the children, although significantly improved on ODD scores and the Conners' emotional lability subscale at post-intervention, had almost no improvement in hyperactivity/impulsivity. Post-intervention, this group received stimulant medication for their ADHD. At post-intervention CGI-I scores of much improved or very much improved were reached by 53% (9/17) of all at post-intervention, and by 81% (13/16) at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: CPS significantly reduced ODD, ADHD and emotional lability symptoms. A subgroup improved in their ADHD symptoms only after adding stimulant medication.
|
|
| 4. |
- Johnson, Mats, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in children and adolescents.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Attention Disorders. - : SAGE Publications. - 1087-0547 .- 1557-1246. ; 12:5, s. 394-401
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the study was to assess omega 3/6 fatty acids (eye q) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: The study included a randomized, 3-month, omega 3/6 placebo-controlled, one-way crossover trial with 75 children and adolescents (8–18 years), followed by 3 months with omega 3/6 for all. Investigator-rated ADHD Rating Scale–IV and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale were outcome measures. Results: A majority did not respond to omega 3/6 treatment. However, a subgroup of 26% responded with more than 25% reduction of ADHD symptoms and a drop of CGI scores to the near-normal range. After 6 months, 47% of all showed such improvement. Responders tended to have ADHD inattentive subtype and comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders. Conclusion: A subgroup of children and adolescents with ADHD, characterized by inattention and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, treated with omega 3/6 fatty acids for 6 months responded with meaningful reduction of ADHD symptoms.
|
|
| 5. |
- Kadesjö, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
ADHD in Swedish 3- to 7-year-old children.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 0890-8567. ; 40:9, s. 1021-1028
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a representative group of clinically impaired young children in Sweden with the disorder. Method: One hundred thirty-one children with ADHD (aged 3–7 years) were examined, and their parents were interviewed. Independent parent questionnaire data (Child Behavior Checklist, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Conners) were collected. For comparison 131 children without ADHD were matched for age, gender, parents’ marital status, child’s adoption status, and social class. Results: Children with ADHD had extremely high ADHD symptom levels—on average four to eight times higher than the comparison group. Sociodemographic correlates of ADHD symptoms were more pronounced in parent questionnaire data than in parent interview data, underscoring the importance of diagnostic interview when dealing with clinical issues. Very few of the children with ADHD (6%) appeared “normal” with regard to attention/activity level at clinical examination.Conclusions: Clinic children with a diagnosis of DSMIV ADHD have typical and impairing symptoms already before starting school. The variance of ADHD in this age group appears to be accounted for by primary psychosocial factors only to a limited degree. It would seem reasonable to establish supportive and treatment measures for these young children so that the psychosocial and academic problems shown by so many individuals with ADHD later in their development might be reduced.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kadesjö, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder with and without oppositional defiant disorder in 3- to 7-year-old children
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. - 0012-1622. ; 45:10, s. 693-699
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with a high degree of associated behavioural problems. In order to study characteristics of ADHD with and without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in a representative group of young children with clinical impairment in Sweden, 131 children (101 males, 30 females) with ADHD (mean age 5 years, SD 1 year 5 months; range 3 to 7 years) were clinically examined, and their parents interviewed. Independent questionnaire data (Child Behavior Checklist, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, ODD Rating Scale-IV, Conners Hyperactivity Index) were collected. For comparison 131 children without ADHD were matched for sex, age, marital status, and socioeconomic status (115 males, 16 females; mean age 4 years 10 months, SD 1 year 5 months; range 3 to 7 years). Sixty percent of those with ADHD met full DSM-IV criteria for ODD. Only 10 of the 131 children with ADHD had no symptoms of ODD at all. The rate of children meeting full diagnostic criteria for ODD was similar across all age cohorts. Males were overrepresented in ODD, as were children of divorced parents and of mothers with low socioeconomic status. ADHD combined subtype was a stable independent factor influencing the diagnosis of ODD, regardless of psychosocial factors. Those with ADHD with ODD consistently showed higher rates of ADHD symptoms than did those with ADHD without ODD. The prevalent comorbidity of ADHD with ODD indicates that all children presenting with ADHD or ODD symptoms need to be assessed with a view to exploring both types of problem behaviours. The link between ODD and some psychosocial variables indicates the need to address these, possibly by measures such as parent training and network support.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Carlsson, Emilia, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Negotiating knowledge: parents’ experience of the neuropsychiatric diagnostic process for children with autism
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International journal of language and communication disorders. - : Wiley. - 1368-2822. ; 51:3, s. 328-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Parents often recognize problems in their child’s development earlier than health professionals do and there is new emphasis on the importance of involving parents in the diagnostic process. In Gothenburg, Sweden, over 100 children were identified as having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 2009–11 through a general population language and autism screening of 2.5 year olds at the city’s child healthcare centres. Aims: To increase understanding of parents’ lived experience of the neuropsychiatric diagnostic process, i.e. the period from the initial screening at age 2.5 years to the 2-year follow-up of the ASD diagnosis. Methods & Procedures: A qualitative design, a phenomenological hermeneutic method, was used. Interviews were conducted with parents of 11 children who were diagnosed with ASD 2 years prior. The parents were interviewed about their experiences of the neuropsychiatric diagnostic process, i.e. the time before the screening, the time during the neuropsychiatric multidisciplinary evaluation and the time after diagnosis. The interviews lasted for 45–130 min, and an interview guide with set questions was used. Most of the interviews were conducted at the parents’ homes. Outcomes & Results: The essence that emerged from the data was negotiating knowledge, and the three themes capturing the parents’ experiences of going through the process of having their child diagnosed with ASD were seeking knowledge, trusting and challenging experts, and empowered but alone. Conclusions & Implications: The parents expected intervention to start directly after diagnosis but felt they had to fight to obtain the resources their child needed. After the process, they described that they felt empowered but still alone, i.e. although they received useful and important information about their child, they were left to manage the situation by themselves. As for clinical implications, the study points to the necessity of developing routines to support the parents during and after the diagnostic process. Recommended measures include developing a checklist outlining relevant contacts and agencies, establishing a coordinator responsible for each child, dividing the summary meeting at the clinic into two parts, making more than one visit to the preschool, and providing a parental training programme.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
ADHD bör uppmärksammas mer - tidiga insatser spar lidande.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 111
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric disorder affecting about 5 percent of children. About 2-3 percent meet diagnostic criteria in adulthood as well. The core symptoms include inattention with or without hyperactivity/restlessness and impulsivity. The main cognitive deficit involves executive functions, probably related to a weak reward system. Symptoms will affect daily functioning at home, among friends and at school/work. In girls and women particularly, a correct diagnosis of ADHD is often late, or is not at all appropriately considered. Co-existing disorders are common; dyslexia, developmental coordination disorder, emotional lability, conduct disorder, autistic symptoms, obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, Tourette syndrome, eating disorder, sleeping disorder, and substance abuse. Extensive research in ADHD has increased knowledge in genetics, neurobiology, neuropsychology, intervention, and treatment. Despite this, many individuals with ADHD are not offered a correct assessment, and accordingly, not given appropriate support and treatment.
|
|
| 10. |
- Gillberg, Christopher, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
ADHD With Developmental Coordination Disorder
- 2009
-
Ingår i: ADHD Comorbidities: Handbook for ADHD Complications in Children and Adults. Attention Deficit Disorders and Comorbidities in Children, Adolescents and Adults. Editor Thomas E. Brown. - Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Press.
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
