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- Bladh, K., et al.
(författare)
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An approach to analyse human reliability during refuelling outage of a nuclear power plant
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proc. of Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Human reliability analysis (HRA) constitutes a central role in the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for the low power and shutdown period of a nuclear power plant. This is because a large number of operative and maintenance activities take place during a refuelling outage when the plant, to a great extent, is disassembled, maintained, and then reassembled back to operational mode. The paper presents the HRA approach used in the shutdown PSA for Forsmark 1/2 and 3 nuclear power units in Sweden. Challenges of the analysis comprises handling the large scope of activities to be analysed, development and use of a quantification method consistent with the full power PSA, and integration of HRA with the “technical” part of PSA. Experiences from the analysis and results will also be discussed.
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| 4. |
- Reiman, T., et al.
(författare)
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Management of change in the nuclear industry. Evidence from maintenance reorganizations : MainCulture Final Report
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The nuclear industry and especially the maintenance activities havebeen under various restructuring initiatives in addition to continuousincremental change due to e.g. new technologies, ageing plants,deregulation and the change of generation. These changes have beenexperienced as causing stress and uncertainty among the workers.Also, changes have lead to e.g. lowered sense of control, goalunclarity and lowered sense of personal responsibility over one’swork. Organizational changes clearly are issues that have potentialeffects on safety. Both positive and negative cases on safety effectsof organizational changes exist, and various accidents have beenpinpointed to organizational changes in the company. In this reportthe challenges of management of change at nuclear power plants areconsidered mainly from organizational culture -perspective. Thecultural perspective taken in this paper strives to combine technicalapproaches to human resources approaches. The report focuses onevidence gathered from studies made at Nordic NPP maintenanceunits, but the results and models depicted in the report are of generalrelevance in the nuclear industry. The report is based on four casestudies of reorganizing in NPP maintenance units and on a literaturereview of change management at various other safety criticalorganizations. The report presents a framework for consideringorganizational changes and their safety consequences.
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| 6. |
- Reiman, T., et al.
(författare)
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Organisational reviews : requirements, methods and experience
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Organisational reviews are important instruments in the continuous quest for improved performance. In the nuclear field there has been an increasing regulatory interest in organisational performance, because incidents and accidents often point to organisational deficiencies as one of the major precursors. Many methods for organisational reviews have been proposed, but they are mostly based on ad hoc approaches to specific problems. The absence of well-established techniques for organisational reviews has already shown to cause discussions and controversies on different levels. The aim of the OrRe project is to collect the experiences from organisational reviews carried out so far and to reflect them in a theoretical model of organisational performance. Furthermore, the project aims to reflect on the criteria for the definition of the scope and content of organisational reviews. Finally, recommendations will be made for guidance for people participating in organisational reviews. This progress report describes regulatory practices in Finland and Sweden together with some case examples of organizational reviews and assessment in both countries. Some issues of concern are raised and an outline for the next year’s work is proposed. Issues of concern include the sufficient depth of the assessment, the required competence in assessments, data and criteria problems, definition of the boundaries of the system to be assessed, and the necessary internal support and organisational maturity required for successful assessments. Finally, plans for next year's work are outlined.
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