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- Al-Shudifat, Abdul Rahman Mohummad, et al.
(författare)
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A Patient-Assessed Morbidity to Evaluate Outcome in Surgically Treated Vestibular Schwannomas
- 2016
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Ingår i: World Neurosurgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-8750. ; 94, s. 2-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Outcome after treatment of vestibular schwannomas can be evaluated by health providers as mortality, recurrence, performance, and morbidity. Because mortality and recurrence are rare events, evaluation has to focus on performance and morbidity. The latter has mostly been reported by health providers. In the present study, we validate 2 new scales for patient-assessed performance and morbidity in comparison with different outcome tools, such as quality of life (QOL) (European Quality of Life-5 dimensions [EQ-5D]), facial nerve score, and work capacity.METHODS: There were 167 total patients in a retrospective (n = 90) and prospective (n = 50) cohort of surgically treated vestibular schwannomas. A new patient-assessed morbidity score (paMS), a patient-assessed Karnofsky score (paKPS), the patient-assessed QOL (EQ-5D) score, work capacity, and the House-Brackmann facial nerve score were used as outcome measures. Analysis of paMS components and their relation to other outcomes was done as uni- and multivariate analysis.RESULTS: All outcome instruments, except EQ-5D and paKPS, showed a significant decrease postoperatively. Only the facial nerve score (House-Brackmann facial nerve score) differed significantly between the retrospective and prospective cohorts. Out of the 16 components of the paMS, hearing dysfunction, tear dysfunction, balance dysfunction, and eye irritation were most often reported. Both paMS and EQ-5D correlated significantly with work capacity.CONCLUSIONS: Standard QOL and performance instruments may not be sufficiently sensitive or specific to measure outcome at the cohort level after surgical treatment of vestibular schwannomas. A morbidity score may yield more detailed information on symptoms that can be relevant for rehabilitation and occupational training after surgery.
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- Israelsson, Hanna, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Vascular risk factors contribute to idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus : the INPH-CRasH Study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectiveThe objective was to determine the complete modern vascular risk factor (VRF) profile of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) using a large sample of representative INPH-patients and population-based controls, in order to confirm the impact of vascular disease on INPH pathophysiology. MethodsAll shunted INPH-patients in Sweden 2008-2010 were compared to age- and gender-matched population-based controls. Inclusion criteria: 60-85 years and mini mental state estimation ³23. The ten most important modern VRFs as well as cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease were prospectively assessed through blood samples, by-protocol clinical examinations and standardized questionnaires. Investigated VRFs: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, psychosocial factors, smoking, diet, alcohol intake, cardiac disease and, physical activity. Results After exclusion, 176 INPH-patients and 368 controls participated. Using multivariable logistic regression, hyperlipidemia (OR: 2.380, 95%CI: 1.434-3.950), diabetes (OR: 2.169, 95%CI: 1.195-3.938), obesity (OR: 5.428, 95%CI: 2.502-11.772) and, psychosocial factors (OR: 5.343, 95%CI: 3.219-8.868) were independently associated with INPH. Hypertension, physical inactivity, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease were overrepresented in INPH, although not independently. The protective factors: moderate alcohol intake and physical activity were overrepresented among the controls. The population attributable risk percentage was 24%. ConclusionsOur findings confirm that INPH-patients have a more dangerous VRF-profile and lack the protective factors present in the population. Almost one quarter of INPH could be explained by VRF, suggesting that INPH possibly may be a subgroup of vascular dementia. Targeted interventions against modifiable VRF are likely to have beneficial effects in INPH.
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- Israelsson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Vascular risk factors in INPH A prospective case- control study (the INPH-CRasH study)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 88:6, s. 577-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the complete vascular risk factor (VRF) profile of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) using a large sample of representative patients with INPH and populationbased controls to determine the extent to which vascular disease influences INPH pathophysiology. Methods: All patients with INPH who underwent shunting in Sweden in 2008-2010 were compared to age-and sex-matched population-based controls. Inclusion criteria were age 60-85 years and no dementia. The 10 most important VRFs and cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease were prospectively assessed using blood samples, clinical examinations, and standardized questionnaires. Assessed VRFs were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, psychosocial factors, smoking habits, diet, alcohol intake, cardiac disease, and physical activity. Results: In total, 176 patients with INPH and 368 controls participated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that hyperlipidemia (odds ratio [OR] 2.380; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.434-3.950), diabetes (OR 2.169; 95% CI 1.195-3.938), obesity (OR 5.428; 95% CI 2.502-11.772), and psychosocial factors (OR 5.343; 95% CI 3.219-8.868) were independently associated with INPH. Hypertension, physical inactivity, and cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease were also overrepresented in INPH. Moderate alcohol intake and physical activity were overrepresented among the controls. The population-attributable risk percentage was 24%. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that patients with INPH have more VRFs and lack the protective factors present in the general population. Almost 25% of cases of INPH may be explained by VRFs. This suggests that INPH may be a subtype of vascular dementia. Targeted interventions against modifiable VRFs are likely to have beneficial effects on INPH.
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- Kahlon, Babar, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison between the lumbar infusion and CSF tap tests to predict outcome after shunt surgery in suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 1468-330X .- 0022-3050. ; 73:6, s. 721-726
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the lumbar infusion test and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap test for predicting the outcome of shunt surgery in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. METHODS: 68 patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus were studied. The absence of preceding history indicated idiopathic disease in 75% of these. All patients were assessed twice with walking and psychometric tests before lumbar infusion test and tap test assessments. The lumbar infusion test was done using a constant infusion rate (0.80 ml/min) and regarded as positive if the steady state CSF plateau pressure reached levels of > 22 mm Hg (resistance to outflow > 14 mm Hg/ml/min). The tap test was regarded as positive if two or more of four different test items improved after CSF removal. As the variability in baseline test results was large, the better of two evaluations was used in comparisons with the results after CSF removal, as well as to evaluate the outcome after shunt surgery. Only patients with a positive lumbar infusion test or a positive tap test had surgery. RESULTS: The results of the CSF tap test and the lumbar infusion test agreed in only 45% of the patients. Of the total cohort, 47 (69%) had positive test results and were operated on; 45 (96%) of these reported subjective improvement, and postoperative assessments verified the improvements in 38 (81%). Improvements were highly significant in walking, memory, and reaction time tests (p < 0.001). Most of the patients improved by surgery (84%) were selected by a positive lumbar infusion test, and only 42% by a positive tap test. Positive predictive values were 80% for lumbar infusion test and 94% for tap test. The false negative predictions in the operated group were much higher (58%) with the tap test than with the lumbar infusion test (16%). CONCLUSIONS: Both the lumbar infusion test and the tap test can predict a positive outcome of shunt operations in unselected patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. The two tests are complementary and should be used together for optimal patient selection.
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| 7. |
- Kahlon, Babar, et al.
(författare)
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Is aqueductal stroke volume, measured with cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging scans useful in predicting outcome of shunt surgery in suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Neurosurgery. - 0148-396X. ; 60:1, s. 124-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical usefulness of cerebrospinal fluid stroke volume (SV) assessed in the cerebral aqueduct, via cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging, for predicting outcome after shunt surgery in suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus were included. SV was assessed using cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging, and kept blinded until postoperative follow-up after 7 +/- 5.8 months (mean the results were standard deviation). Selection to surgery was based on a positive lumbar infusion test or cerebrospinal fluid tap test, and outcome was evaluated with objective tests. RESULTS: Six patients were excluded from SV measurements because of technical difficulties. Eight patients were not operated (negative lumbar infusion test and cerebrospinal fluid tap test). SV in the not operated patients (mean, 66 +/- 53 mu l) did not differ from the operated patients (95 +/- 78 mu l; P = 0.335). Operated patients showed statistically significant improvements in walk (P = 0.020), reaction time (P = 0.006), and memory (P = 0.001) tests. Patients were divided into three groups according to SV range: low (0-50 mu l), middle (51 - 100 mu l), and high (> 100 mu l). No statistically significant (P > 0.05) improvements in any of the objective tests were found in any of the SV the different SV ranges. The numbers of individually improved patients were similar in ranges: six out of seven in the low, nine out of nine in the middle, and five out of eight in the high range. Weak correlations were found between SV and the initial pulse,amplitude (R-s = 0.043; P = 0.014) as well as the plateau pulse amplitude (R-s = 0.043; P = 4) as measured with the lumbar infusion test. CONCLUSION: The data from this Study show no evidence that cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging measurements of SV in the cerebral aqueduct are useful for selecting patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus symptoms to shunt surgery.
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| 9. |
- Kahlon, Babar, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcome in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus
- 2007
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Ingår i: Neurosurgery. - 0148-396X. ; 60:2, s. 327-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus at 6 months and 5 years after shunt Surgery. METHODS: Seventy-five patients (mean age, 72.5 +/- 9 yr), with normal pressure hydrocephalus symptoms were included. Fifty-four patients with positive lumbar infusion and/or cerebrospinal fluid tap tests received a cerebrospinal fluid shunt, whereas 21 patients with negative test results did not undergo operation. Walk, reaction time, memory, and identical forms tests were used as baseline (before surgery) tests and were repeated at short- (6.1 +/- 4.6 mo) and long-term (5.5 +/- 1.4 yr) follow-up evaluations. Activities of daily life functions were assessed using the Barthel index. RESULTS: At the 6-month follow-up examination, 83% of the operated patients improved in gait, 65% improved in reaction time, 46% improved in memory, and 31% improved in identical forms tests; 96% found themselves subjectively improved. Because of unrelated mortality (37%) and declining general health from comorbidity, only 27 patients were available for the 5-year follow-up evaluation. Twenty-three of these patients had been treated with a shunt and had a remaining improvement in close to 40% in gait and reaction time, whereas fewer than 10% had an improvement in cognitive tests. Fifty-six percent reported subjective improvement compared with preoperative findings. More patients (64%) improved if younger than 75 years; for patients older than 75 years, only 11% of the patients improved. The Barthel index was higher (P < 0.05) in improved patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus benefit from shunt surgery for at least 5 years. High mortality rate, comorbidity, and old age hamper good long-term outcome and emphasize the importance of patient selection.
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