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- Kailey, P., et al.
(författare)
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Modeling Debris flow behavior in a geotechnical centrifuge
- 2011
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Ingår i: Italian Journal of Engineering Geology & Environment. - 1825-6635 .- 2035-5688. ; , s. 339-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we examine the effect of flow massand moisture content on debris flow velocity, discharge,and runout using a series of smallscale flumetests in a geotechnical centrifuge. We found that anincrease in mass and an increase in moisture contentincreased peak velocity during down-slope movement.However, the effect of increased moisture contentis much more pronounced than that of increasedmass. The maximum cross-sectional area observeddid not depend on mass or moisture content, althoughmay have been affected by the flow rate entering thecentrifuge. Consequently, flow velocity largely determinedthe peak discharge of each flow. An increasein moisture content increased the mobility of the flowin terms of depositional area and runout. Further, therunout of the centre of mass of the flows appears tobe linearly related to the momentum of flow materialentering the flume.
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| 3. |
- Kailey, P., et al.
(författare)
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Modelling debris flow processes with a geotechnical centrifuge
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation. - 9788895814469 ; , s. 339-349
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we examine the effect of flow mass and moisture content on debris flow velocity, discharge, and runout using a series of smallscale flume tests in a geotechnical centrifuge. We found that an increase in mass and an increase in moisture content increased peak velocity during down-slope movement. However, the effect of increased moisture content is much more pronounced than that of increased mass. The maximum cross-sectional area observed did not depend on mass or moisture content, although may have been affected by the flow rate entering the centrifuge. Consequently, flow velocity largely determined the peak discharge of each flow. An increase in moisture content increased the mobility of the flow in terms of depositional area and runout. Further, the runout of the centre of mass of the flows appears to be linearly related to the momentum of flow material entering the flume. © 2011 Casa Editrice Università La Sapienza.
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- Manzano-Nunez, Ramiro, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes and management approaches of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta based on the income of countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: World Journal of Emergency Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1749-7922. ; 15:57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2020 The Author(s). Background: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) could provide a survival benefit to severely injured patients as it may improve their initial ability to survive the hemorrhagic shock. Although the evidence supporting the use of REBOA is not conclusive, its use has expanded worldwide. We aim to compare the management approaches and clinical outcomes of trauma patients treated with REBOA according to the countries' income based on the World Bank Country and Lending Groups. Methods: We used data from the AORTA (USA) and the ABOTrauma (multinational) registries. Patients were stratified into two groups: (1) high-income countries (HICs) and (2) low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). Propensity score matching extracted 1:1 matched pairs of subjects who were from an LMIC or a HIC based on age, gender, the presence of pupillary response on admission, impeding hypotension (SBP ≤ 80), trauma mechanism, ISS, the necessity of CPR on arrival, the location of REBOA insertion (emergency room or operating room) and the amount of PRBCs transfused in the first 24 h. Logistic regression (LR) was used to examine the association of LMICs and mortality. Results: A total of 817 trauma patients from 14 countries were included. Blind percutaneous approach and surgical cutdown were the preferred means of femoral cannulation in HICs and LIMCs, respectively. Patients from LMICs had a significantly higher occurrence of MODS and respiratory failure. LR showed no differences in mortality for LMICs when compared to HICs; neither in the non-matched cohort (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.36-1.09; p = 0.1) nor in the matched cohort (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 0.63-3,33; p = 0.3). Conclusion: There is considerable variation in the management practices of REBOA and the outcomes associated with this intervention between HICs and LMICs. Although we found significant differences in multiorgan and respiratory failure rates, there were no differences in the risk-adjusted odds of mortality between the groups analyzed. Trauma surgeons practicing REBOA around the world should joint efforts to standardize the practice of this endovascular technology worldwide.
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