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| 2. |
- Cossarizza, A., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 49:10, s. 1457-1973
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
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| 3. |
- Pertl, Leonhard, et al.
(författare)
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Exports and Productivity : Comparable Evidence for 14 Countries
- 2007
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Ingår i: Policy Research Working Papers. - New York : World Bank. - 1813-9450.
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors use comparable micro level panel data for 14 countries and a set of identically specified empirical models to investigate the relationship between exports and productivity. The overall results are in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature: Exporters are more productive than non-exporters when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for, and these exporter productivity premia tend to increase with the share of exports in total sales; there is strong evidence in favour of self-selection of more productive firms into export markets, but nearly no evidence in favour of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis. The authors document that the exporter premia differ considerably across countries in identically specified empirical models. In a meta-analysis of their results the authors find that countries that are more open and have more effective government report higher productivity premia. However, the level of development per se does not appear to be an explanation for the observed cross-country differences.
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| 4. |
- Reichstein, Toke, et al.
(författare)
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The baton of entrepreneurship : CBS views on entrepreneurship
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are many thoughts and beliefs about entrepreneurship. This diversity in opinions and concepts may be triggered by the booming interest in entrepreneurship and in entrepreneurs. Journalists, politicians and academics, just to mention a few groups, have greatly turned their focus and attention towards entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. And in the labour market, entrepreneurship has become one of the more attractive options. Entrepreneurship has indeed become a centre of attention throughout society. There are numerous definitions, terms, theories, thoughts, and conjectures on and around entrepreneurship. It is truly a multidisciplinary topic that draws on sociology, economics, management, and psychology, etc. It can therefore often be confusing to study, and exceedingly difficult to gather a coherent set of academic contributions on entrepreneurship. Very different things are investigated under the heading of entrepreneurship. Even when scholars discuss overlapping issues, the used terminology may often be misaligned. Indeed, even the most accomplished experts tend to be confused when debating topics on entrepreneurship. There can easily emerge a misperception and misunderstandings due to the muddy and inconsistent use of terms. Motivated by the need for understanding the differences in the way we perceive and think about entrepreneurship, the CBS Entrepreneurship BiS Platform set out to ask 10 scholars from CBS to offer their thoughts on 5 dimensions with regard to entrepreneurship. In what could best be described as a curiosity-driven relay, these scholars passed the baton over to the next person, resulting in a ‘run’ across departments and varying traditions of thought. They represented the Department of Innovation and Organizational Economics, the Department of Economics, the Department of Strategic Management and Globalization, the Department of Management, Politics and Philosophy, the Department of Business and Politics, and the Copenhagen School of Entrepreneurship. The five question posed to the interviewees where: 1. What is your understanding of entrepreneurship? 2. What characterizes and entrepreneur as an individual? 3. What does this mean for university education, or education more generally? 4. What is the role and function of entrepreneurship for private companies and the public sector? 5. In what sense is entrepreneurship important for society? The aim of the Baton of Entrepreneurship is to stimulate dialogue and share insights into entrepreneurship research across the internal boundaries of CBS. But the Baton of Entrepreneurship also functions as a means to convey differences and inform about how entrepreneurship can be thought of in different ways. Having said this, it also reveals that the differences across CBS might not be as big as one might expect and that there are profound overlaps representing a potential for cross-organizational interaction on the topic of entrepreneurship. Perhaps this commonality will be the fuel, which allow new discoveries in the field of entrepreneurship to flourish.
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| 5. |
- Schijven, Dick, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale analysis of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 120:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Left-right asymmetry is an important organizing feature of the healthy brain that may be altered in schizophrenia, but most studies have used relatively small samples and heterogeneous approaches, resulting in equivocal findings. We carried out the largest case-control study of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia, with MRI data from 5,080 affected individuals and 6,015 controls across 46 datasets, using a single image analysis protocol. Asymmetry indexes were calculated for global and regional cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume measures. Differences of asymmetry were calculated between affected individuals and controls per dataset, and effect sizes were meta-analyzed across datasets. Small average case-control differences were observed for thickness asymmetries of the rostral anterior cingulate and the middle temporal gyrus, both driven by thinner left-hemispheric cortices in schizophrenia. Analyses of these asymmetries with respect to the use of antipsychotic medication and other clinical variables did not show any significant associations. Assessment of age- and sex-specific effects revealed a stronger average leftward asymmetry of pallidum volume between older cases and controls. Case-control differences in a multivariate context were assessed in a subset of the data (N = 2,029), which revealed that 7% of the variance across all structural asymmetries was explained by case-control status. Subtle case-control differences of brain macrostructural asymmetry may reflect differences at the molecular, cytoarchitectonic, or circuit levels that have functional relevance for the disorder. Reduced left middle temporal cortical thickness is consistent with altered left-hemisphere language network organization in schizophrenia.
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