| 1. |
- Allan, James, et al.
(författare)
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Frontiers, Challenges, and Opportunities for Information Retrieval – Report from SWIRL 2012, The Second Strategic Workshop on Information Retrieval in Lorne
- 2012
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Ingår i: SIGIR Forum. - : ACM. - 0163-5840. ; 46:1, s. 2-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During a three-day workshop in February 2012, 45 Information Retrieval researchers met to discuss long-range challenges and opportunities within the field. The result of the workshop is a diverse set of research directions, project ideas, and challenge areas. This report describes the workshop format, provides summaries of broad themes that emerged, includes brief descriptions of all the ideas, and provides detailed discussion of six proposals that were voted "most interesting" by the participants. Key themes include the need to: move beyond ranked lists of documents to support richer dialog and presentation, represent the context of search and searchers, provide richer support for information seeking, enable retrieval of a wide range of structured and unstructured content, and develop new evaluation methodologies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jokipii-Lukkari, Soile, et al.
(författare)
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Dual targeted poplar ferredoxin NADP+ oxidoreductase interacts with hemoglobin 1
- 2016
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Ingår i: Plant Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9452. ; 247, s. 138-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous reports have connected non-symbiotic and truncated hemoglobins (Hbs) to metabolism of nitric oxide (NO), an important signalling molecule involved in wood formation. We have studied the capability of poplar (Populus tremula × tremuloides) Hbs PttHb1 and PttTrHb proteins alone or with a flavin-protein reductase to relieve NO cytotoxicity in living cells. Complementation tests in a Hb-deficient, NO-sensitive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) δyhb1 mutant showed that neither PttHb1 nor PttTrHb alone protected cells against NO. To study the ability of Hbs to interact with a reductase, ferredoxin NADP+ oxidoreductase PtthFNR was characterized by sequencing and proteomics. To date, by far the greatest number of the known dual-targeted plant proteins are directed to chloroplasts and mitochondria. We discovered a novel variant of hFNR that lacks the plastid presequence and resides in cytosol. The coexpression of PttHb1 and PtthFNR partially restored NO resistance of the yeast δyhb1 mutant, whereas PttTrHb coexpressed with PtthFNR failed to rescue growth. YFP fusion proteins confirmed the interaction between PttHb1 and PtthFNR in plant cells. The structural modelling results indicate that PttHb1 and PtthFNR are able to interact as NO dioxygenase. This is the first report on dual targeting of central plant enzyme FNR to plastids and cytosol.
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| 4. |
- Valta, Maija P, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation - A Novel Function for FGF-8.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 147:Jan 26, s. 2171-2182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family have an important role in the development of skeletal tissues. FGF-8 is widely expressed in the developing skeleton, but its function there has remained unknown. We asked in this study whether FGF-8 could have a role in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to an osteoblastic lineage. Addition of FGF-8 to mouse bone marrow cultures effectively increased initial cell proliferation as well as subsequent osteoblast-specific alkaline phosphatase production, bone nodule formation, and calcium accumulation if it was added to the cultures at an early stage of osteoblastic differentiation. Exogenous FGF-8 also stimulated the proliferation of MG63 osteosarcoma cells, which was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to FGF-8b. In addition, the heparin-binding growth factor fraction of Shionogi 115 (S115) mouse breast cancer cells, which express and secrete FGF-8 at a very high level, had an effect in bone marrow cultures similar to that of exogenous FGF-8. Interestingly, experimental nude mouse tumors of S115 cells present ectopic bone and cartilage formation as demonstrated by typical histology and expression of markers specific for cartilage (type II and IX collagen) and bone (osteocalcin). These results demonstrate that FGF-8 effectively predetermines bone marrow cells to differentiate to osteoblasts and increases bone formation in vitro. It is possible that FGF-8 also stimulates bone formation in vivo. The results suggest that FGF-8, which is expressed by a great proportion of malignant breast and prostate tumors, may, among other factors, also be involved in the formation of osteosclerotic bone metastases.
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| 5. |
- Wood, Christian M., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and influence of cys407* Grm2 mutation in Hannover-derived Wistar rats : mGlu2 receptor loss links to alcohol intake, risk taking and emotional behaviour.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neuropharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3908 .- 1873-7064. ; 115, s. 128-138
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modulation of metabotropic glutamate 2 (mGlu2) receptor function has huge potential for treating psychiatric and neurological diseases. Development of drugs acting on mGlu2 receptors depends on the development and use of translatable animal models of disease. We report here a stop codon mutation at cysteine 407 in Grm2 (cys407*) that is common in some Wistar rats. Therefore, researchers in this field need to be aware of strains with this mutation. Our genotypic survey found widespread prevalence of the mutation in commercial Wistar strains, particularly those known as Han Wistar. Such Han Wistar rats are ideal for research into the separate roles of mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors in CNS function. Previous investigations, unknowingly using such mGlu2 receptor-lacking rats, provide insights into the role of mGlu2 receptors in behaviour. The Grm2 mutant rats, which dominate some selectively bred lines, display characteristics of altered emotionality, impulsivity and risk-related behaviours and increased voluntary alcohol intake compared with their mGlu2 receptor-competent counterparts. In addition, the data further emphasize the potential therapeutic role of mGlu2 receptors in psychiatric and neurological disease, and indicate novel methods of studying the role of mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors.
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