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- Bornfalk Back, Anders
(författare)
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Från stenkrigare till borgjarl : Befästningskonsten i östra Sverige, 375-750 e.Kr
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main fortification tradition of pre-Viking Age eastern Sweden consisted of defensive walls built in an advanced dry-stone technique, some including internal timber-lacing and supporting earthen banks. Erected on mountain crests, hillocks, plains and shorelines, these constructions were part of the martial landscape of an immensely transformative period in Scandinavian Iron Age. However, inadequate temporal and spatial frameworks have long hampered any engagement with this phenomenon. In combination with the profound demilitarization of these walls and ramparts, which dominated Swedish archaeology from c. 1990 and two decades on, this has resulted in a state of knowledge of this tradition that is not on a par with the significance it once had.The thesis addresses these issues by establishing the chronology of this architectural tradition and, with this tool, by exploring the martial dimensions of the fortifications as well as the lifestyle of those behind the walls. Data from c. 80 excavations of various sizes, many of them carried out in the 20th century, are processed and combined with on-site analyses of the architecture and layout of the individual walls. Episodes concerning the concept of fortification in the Beowulf poem are examined and compared to the archaeological material. An approach is adopted which views the material culture of the fortifications as physical expressions of a complex network or system made up by the social, economic, religious and ideological elements that define the character of warfare and its participants. All members of a society are part of and influence such “war systems” practically as well as normatively, consciously or not.The study argues that the fortification tradition including the dry-stone technique was not static, widespread or an architectural monoculture. Instead, it was constantly evolving during the period AD 375/400-700/750 in relation to changing needs, ideals and skills according to regional conditions in the political and geographical landscape.
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| 2. |
- Gräslund, Anne-Sofie, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Akademien granskar... : Arkeologi
- 2015
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Ingår i: Saga och Sed.. Kungl. Gustav Adolfs akademiens årsbok. - Uppsala. - 0586-5360. ; 2014, s. 137-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Kaliff, Anders, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Greeting Adress
- 2011
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Ingår i: Gotite III. - Sofia : Balkan Media.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Runesson, Gunilla, 1958-
(författare)
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Bronsålderns bosättningsområden och boplatser på Gotland : Många syns inte men finns ändå
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis settlement areas and settlements from the Bronze Age on Gotland are in focus. The island of Gotland in the middle of the Baltic Sea is famous for its rich archaeological remains of monuments and relics from all pre-historic periods, and the Bronze Age (1700-500 BC) especially is well repre- sented. There are nearly a thousand cairns, over 300 stone-ship settings and a large amount of bronze finds, but there are few traits of contemporary settlements. With few exceptions the settlements from all pre-historic periods are in one way “invisible” but during the last decades the context has changed, as has knowledge of the settlements from the Bronze Age. Research published throughout the first ten years of the 21th century offers new and refreshing interpretations concerning settlements and houses from the period in question on both a regional level and in more comprehensive studies across Scandinavia. This is due to continued advances in archaeological methods to see the invisible remains however many of the sites are discovered in exploitation-excavations. In a smaller scale this is also true for Gotland and during the last decade there are scattered finds of houses from the period in the shape of post-holes, hearths and cooking pits. The situation on the island is not to expect larger ex- ploitations followed by excavations so we have to test other ways to look for the settlement areas and settlements. In this study I therefor examine if there are any relations to the visible, in first hand cont- emporary types of monuments such as burnt mounds, cairns, stone ship settings and finds of bronzes, to sites seen as possible settlement areas from the Bronze Age. In this context I also have to consider the remains from the early Iron Age, foremost the visible remains of fossilised fields and ancient forts.The theoretical framework is a hermeneutic approach in the study of the relations of each cont- emporary types of monuments contextualized with possible settlements. As Gotland is an island I have to relate to the meaning of landscape and islands. To get closer to the society and the social orga- nisation, my aim is also to come closer to the people who lived their daily lives on Gotland during the Bronze Age and to consider the question of the chiefdoms and the social organisation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Arnberg, Anna, 1977-
(författare)
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Där människor, handling och tid möts : En studie av det förromerska landskapet på Gotland
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is concerned with the pre-Roman Iron Age on Gotland (500 BC–AD). The remains studied comprise artefacts, fossil field systems, ring-forts, burial localities, and places for iron-making, and more. The author focuses on the landscape formed by these remains, in an attempt to understand the people and society behind them. On the path to such an understanding, importance is attached to the acts and events leading up to the remains. The acts connected people and created relations between individuals and their surroundings. It is these relations, their materializations and the way they changed, that the study deals with.The period studied is presented as a time when people’s relations to the earth they lived by were vital for how they defined themselves and their relation to others. That earth attained this elevated position in the minds of people was not dependent on one feature solely. Cultivation and its material effects was one contributing aspect; the earthly origin of iron and the successive growth of burial grounds were two more. Archaeologically this mentality has resulted in vast systems of conjoined plots, in burial grounds, and in immense settlement areas that also had cemeteries.Further, the pre-Roman Iron Age is presented as a period when both the household and the local community were important factors for how people structured their lives, identities and surroundings. The institutions were complementary and people were often part of both. The institutions were upheld in different ways and have in turn given rise to different kinds of material culture. While the unity of the household was based on day-to-day activities and visualized by settlements with surrounding fields and small burial localities, the feelings of affinity within the local community were partly based on other factors and on activities carried out at other localities. Alongside ring-forts, vast burial grounds comprised such localities.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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En väg med historia
- 1992
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Ingår i: En väg med historia. - Linköping : Riksantikvarieämbetet. ; , s. 9-12
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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