| 1. |
- Andersen, Kristina Vaarst, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic City Regions in the Creative Class Debate: Putting the Creative Class Thesis to a Test
- 2010
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 17:2, s. 215-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries have a quite different urban structure and social systems than the USA. Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden may then constitute a critical test of the empirical reach of Richard Florida's much cited creative class thesis beyond its empirical basis in the USA. This paper employs comparative statistics to examine the importance of the quality of place in attracting members of the creative class to Nordic city regions, and it analyses the role of the creative class for regional economic development. Florida's original study focused only on city regions with more than 100,000 inhabitants. Our statistical analyses mainly support Florida's results with regard to these larger Nordic city regions. The paper, however, also analyses smaller city regions, which are important in the Nordic urban structure. The findings are clearly less supportive for these smaller regions, which mean that the original creative class approach has to be considerably refined when used in the Nordic context.
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| 2. |
- Andersen, Kristina Vaarst, et al.
(författare)
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One Size Fits All? Applying the Creative Class Thesis onto a Nordic Context
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1469-5944 .- 0965-4313. ; 18:10, s. 1591-1609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The creative class thesis put forward by Florida [(2002a) The Rise of the Creative Class and How it's transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life (New York: Basic Books)] has in recent years been subject to vivid debate and criticism. This article applies the creative class thesis onto a Nordic context in order to examine whether Florida's theory proves fruitful in a context different from the US. Based on qualitative data, the paper analyses the role of people climate and business climate for the location of the creative class and firms in three different kinds of regions in four Nordic countries. The analyses demonstrate that the people climate tends to be of secondary importance to the business climate in explaining the location of the Nordic creative class. This should be seen as a result of the urban hierarchy within the Nordic countries as well as a strong welfare policy, which ensures an equal distribution of public provision and supports dual career households. Together, these factors diminish the role of people climate for location choices. The study also finds that the notion of people climate has different meanings in various places, and what attracts or repels the creative class depends on the life phases of the members of the creative class. The study raises concerns about the potential for applying the creative class approach beyond large city regions, which limits its usability in regional planning.
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| 3. |
- Asheim, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge Bases, Talents, and Contexts: On the Usefulness of the Creative Class Approach in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Economic Geography. - 0013-0095. ; 85:4, s. 425-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The geography of the creative class and its impact on regional development has been debated for some years. While the ideas of Richard Florida have permeated local and regional planning strategies in most parts of the Western world, critiques have been numerous. Florida's 3T's (technology, talent, and tolerance) have been adopted without considering whether the theory fits into the settings of a specific urban and regional context. This article aims to contextualize and unpack the creative class approach by applying the knowledge-base approach and break down the rigid assumption that all people in the creative class share common locational preferences. We argue that the creative class draws on three different knowledge bases: synthetic, analytical, and symbolic, which have different implications for people's residential locational preferences with respect to a people climate and a business climate. Furthermore, the dominating knowledge base in a region has an influence on the importance of a people climate and a business climate for attracting and retaining talent. In this article, we present an empirical analysis in support of these arguments using original Swedish data.
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of VINNOVA Programmes on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises - the cases of Forska&Väx and VINN NU
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is the first impact analysis that exclusively deals with R&D funding taking place after the foundation of VINNOVA. Since the long-term effects of R&D projects are visible only years after the ending of the projects the analysis deals with impacts expected to be found in a shorter time span. The focus of the present impact analysis is to identify and analyze the presence and strength of behavioural additionality at small and medium-sized companies that received support from the VINNOVA programmes Forska&Väx (2006 – 2008) and VINN NU (2002 – 2008). Behavioural additionality is defined as changes in enterprise behaviour related to government R&D funding.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Industries, skills and human capital : how does regional size affect uneven development?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:3, s. 593-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses how the composition of industry structures, skills and human capital is related to regional development in peripheral and central locations. We do this by means of OLS models to analyse the relationship between purchase power growth and employment growth between 2001 and 2008 as well as a selection of variables constructed via register data of the total population in Sweden. The analysis demonstrates an evident spatial division of post-industrial development that larger regions benefit relatively more from than smaller regions do. The empirical findings indicate that a transition towards more knowledge intensive sectors and a higher educated labour force has the strongest impact on development in the largest Swedish regions, while a transition from manual skills towards more creative skills shows only a positive relationship with development in medium size regions. Consequently, the paper argues that the recent appraisal of the knowledge based economy mainly benefits the largest urban regions, meaning that regional size is an important parameter when discussing trajectories of regional development and the adaption to contemporary economic development paths.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of business climate and people climate on regional performance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Regional studies. - : Regional Studies Association. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 8:6, s. 1135-1155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Creativity and talent are considered key-factors in regional development due to the connection between growth, city regions and human capital. To come to a deeper understanding on the relevance of recent amenity-driven theories and how they are related to employment and GRP at regional level, this paper analyses the influence of business-climate (business friendly assets) and people-climate (amenities). Based on panel-data regressions, we show that both business- and people-climate is related to regional performance. The exact nature of these relationships is however dependent on how both regional performance and business- or people climate is defined.
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| 7. |
- Hansen, Høgni Kalsø, et al.
(författare)
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The public sector and regional development : why public sector employment remains a black box in economic geography, and how should we open it?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Progress in Human Geography. - : Sage Publications. - 0309-1325 .- 1477-0288. ; 47:6, s. 833-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite increasing calls on the state to manage major challenges, in the existing literature, the state – and public sector activities more generally – tends to be overlooked as an agent of regional change. The role of public sector jobs is often taken for granted, with diverse empirical findings being strongly influenced by geography and time period, if they are considered at all. We discuss two main threads of research on contemporary public sector employment that could enhance our understanding of the role of the public sector in regional development (i.e. human capital formation and diversification).
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| 8. |
- Kalsø Hansen, Høgni, et al.
(författare)
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Migration of the creative class: evidence from Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Geography. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1468-2702 .- 1468-2710. ; 9:2, s. 191-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A central element in contemporary regional development strategies is the ability for regions to attract and retain talented people. The underlying argument is that by attracting talented people, regions are better geared to meet the demand of competences of the knowledge economy and become more competitive. This article focuses on the migration of the creative class in Sweden. Three questions, central to recent theoretical claims but until now overlooked, are addressed: (i) Do members of the creative class move more often compared to other migrant groups (ii) Are they more selective in their destination choices, favouring regions with a favourable people climate (iii) Do their reasons for migration differ from those of other migrant groups Employing unique Swedish survey and register data, the results show that the migration rates of the creative class are only marginally higher than for other groups. The results, moreover, show that most migration activities for the creative class take place just after finishing university and that the creative class people move for jobs rather than place. The presented empirical findings of the article do not support central theoretical arguments about the mobility of the creative class. In light of these findings, the article concludes with discussing why the creative class theory has become so influential despite the lack of empirical evidence.
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