| 1. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to the WCRF/AICR 2018 recommendations for cancer prevention and risk of cancer : prospective cohort studies of men and women
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 122:10, s. 1562-1570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn 2018, the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) issued revised recommendations for cancer prevention. We examined the relation between adherence to these recommendations and risk of total cancer in two population-based Swedish prospective cohorts (29,451 men and 25,349 women).MethodsStandardized-WCRF/AICR 2018 and simplified-WCRF/AICR 2018 adherence scores were constructed based on the WCRF/AICR recommendations for body weight, physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and dietary supplement use. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.ResultsDuring the 15.4 years of follow-up, 12,693 incident cancers were ascertained. The multivariable HR between extreme categories of the Standardized-WCRF/AICR 2018 score (4.1–7 vs. 0–2) was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.82–0.95) and for the Simplified score (5–8 vs. 0–2) was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.80–0.90); each 1-score increment in recommendation adherence was associated with 3% (95% CI = 1–5%) and 4% (95% CI = 2–5%) decreased risk, respectively. Based on the Simplified scoring, most participants (>90%) did not meet WCRF/AICR 2018 recommendations regarding consumption of plant foods, limited consumption of red/processed meat and ‘fast food’/processed food, and <50% of participants met the weight and physical activity recommendations.ConclusionsAdherence to the 2018WCRF/AICR recommendations substantially reduced the risk of total cancer. Given that many people do not meet the recommendations, there is a great potential for cancer prevention.
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| 2. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease : A Prospective Cohort Study of Men
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 188:5, s. 907-916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies indicate an inverse association between moderate alcohol consumption and chronic inflammatory diseases; however, the association between alcohol consumption and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incidence has not been widely studied. We investigated the associations of total alcohol consumption and intake of specific alcoholic beverages with risk of COPD in a population-based prospective cohort study, the Cohort of Swedish Men (n = 44,254). Alcohol consumption was assessed with a self-administered questionnaire in 1997. During follow-up (1998-2014), 2,177 COPD cases were ascertained. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with the lowest risk of COPD. A J-shaped association was observed for ethanol consumption (P for nonlinearity = 0.003) and beer consumption (P for nonlinearity < 0.001); for wine consumption, a U-shaped association was observed (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Defining a "standard drink" as 12 g of ethanol, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66, 0.90) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.05) for beer consumption of 4.1-6.0 and >6.0 standard drinks/week (SDW) versus <1.0 SDW, respectively; 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.93) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.21) for wine consumption of 2.0-4.0 and >4.0 SDW versus <1.0 SDW, respectively; and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.24) and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.44) for liquor consumption of 2.0-4.0 and >4.0 SDW versus <1.0 SDW, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that moderate beer and wine consumption, but not liquor consumption, may decrease risk of COPD. Additional studies are needed to confirm these associations.
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| 3. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-inflammatory diet and risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm in two Swedish cohorts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 105:24, s. 1876-1883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The relationship between dietary patterns and development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is not well understood. Thus, we prospectively evaluated the association between the anti-inflammatory potential of diet and risk of AAA. Methods The study population included the Cohort of Swedish Men (45 072 men) and the Swedish Mammography Cohort (36 633 women), aged 45-83 years at baseline. The anti-inflammatory potential of diet was estimated using Anti-inflammatory Diet Index (AIDI) based on 11 foods with anti-inflammatory potential and 5 with proinflammatory potential (maximum 16 points) that was validated againsthigh sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs. During the 14.9 years of follow-up (1 217 263 person-years), 1528 AAA cases (277 (18%) ruptured, 1251 non-ruptured) were ascertained via the Swedish Inpatient Register, the National Cause of Death Register and the Register for Vascular Surgery (Swedvasc). Results We observed an inverse association between the AIDI and AAA risk in women and men; HRs between extreme quartiles of the AIDI (>= 8 vs <= 5 points) were 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.83) in women and 0.81 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.98) in men. The AIDI was inversely associated with both ruptured and non-ruptured AAA incidence; the HR of participants in the highest quartile of AIDI compared with those in the lowest quartile was 0.61 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.90) for ruptured AAA and 0.79 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.95) for non-ruptured AAA. Conclusion Adherence to diet with a high anti-inflammatory potential was associated with a reduced AAA risk, an association that was even more pronounced for AAA rupture.
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| 4. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-inflammatory diet and risk of heart failure : two prospective cohort studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 22:4, s. 676-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe impact of the anti‐inflammatory potential of diet on risk of heart failure (HF) and the potential modification of this association by smoking, a trigger of systemic inflammation, has not been previously investigated. We examined the association between anti‐inflammatory potential of diet and risk of HF taking into account smoking status.Methods and resultsThe study population included the Cohort of Swedish Men (40 514 men) and the Swedish Mammography Cohort (34 809 women), age 45–83 years, without HF, ischaemic heart disease, or cancer at baseline. Anti‐inflammatory potential of diet was estimated using an anti‐inflammatory diet index (AIDI; 0–16 scores). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for HF risk factors. Over a mean follow‐up of 14.9 years (1 119 110 person‐years, 1998–2014), 8161 new HF diagnoses (4443 in men, 3718 in women) were identified. Compared to the lowest quintile of the AIDI (scores ≤4), the HRs for men and women in the highest quintile (scores ≥8) were 0.92 (95% CI 0.84–1.02; P‐trend = 0.02) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.78–0.96; P‐trend = 0.001), respectively. An inverse association between the AIDI and HF incidence was observed in current and ex‐smokers but not in never‐smokers (P‐interaction = 0.046). Comparing extreme quintiles, the HRs were 0.86 (95% CI 0.74–1.00; P‐trend = 0.007) in current smokers, 0.81 (95% CI 0.71–0.92; P‐trend = 0.001) in ex‐smokers, and 0.95 (95% CI 0.86–1.06; P‐trend = 0.10) in never‐smokers.ConclusionThese results suggest that adherence to a diet with high anti‐inflammatory potential may be associated with lower HF incidence in current and ex‐smokers.
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| 5. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of Unprocessed and Processed Red Meat and the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease : A Prospective Cohort Study of Men.
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 184:11, s. 829-836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consumption of both processed and unprocessed red meat has been associated with a higher risk of major chronic diseases. However, only processed meat consumption has been studied in relation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, we endeavored to determine the association between the risk of COPD and consumption of processed and unprocessed red meat while taking into account smoking status. The population-based prospective Cohort of Swedish Men included 43,848 men who were 45-79 years of age and had no history of COPD or cancer at baseline. Meat consumption was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire in 1997. During 13.2 years of follow-up, 1,909 COPD cases were ascertained. Consumption of processed meat was associated with risk of COPD: Compared with men who consumed less than 25 g/day of processed meat, men who consumed 75 g/day or more had a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of 1.21 (95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.44; P for trend = 0.03). The positive association was confined to current smokers (P for interaction = 0.003); among smokers who consumed 75 g/day or more of processed red meat, the hazard ratio was 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.60) when compared with persons who consumed less than 25 g/day. Consumption of unprocessed red meat was not associated with COPD incidence. Findings from this prospective study indicate that high consumption of processed red meat is associated with an increased COPD risk among smokers.
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| 6. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Calcium and Magnesium Intake and Mortality : A Prospective Study of Men
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 171:7, s. 801-807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors examined the association of dietary calcium and magnesium intake with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality among 23,366 Swedish men, aged 45-79 years, who did not use dietary supplements. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the multivariate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of mortality. From baseline 1998 through December 2007, 2,358 deaths from all causes were recorded in the Swedish population registry; through December 2006, 819 CVD and 738 cancer deaths were recorded in the Swedish cause-of-death registry. Dietary calcium was associated with a statistically significant lower rate of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 0.88; P-trend < 0.001) and a nonsignificantly lower rate of CVD (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.01; P-trend = 0.064) but not cancer mortality (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.17; P-trend = 0.362) when the highest intake tertile (mean = 1,953 mg/day; standard deviation (SD), 334) was compared with the lowest (990 mg/day; SD, 187). Dietary magnesium intake (means of tertiles ranged from 387 mg/day (SD, 31) to 523 mg/day (SD, 38) was not associated with all-cause, CVD, or cancer mortality. This population-based, prospective study of men with relatively high intakes of dietary calcium and magnesium showed that intake of calcium above that recommended daily may reduce all-cause mortality.
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| 7. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease : A Prospective Cohort Study of Men.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Epidemiology. - 1044-3983 .- 1531-5487. ; 29:2, s. 254-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The limited literature suggests that dietary fiber intake from whole grains, fruits, and vegetables is negatively associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) via fiber's anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we investigated the association between total fiber and fiber sources and risk of COPD in the population-based prospective Cohort of Swedish Men (45,058 men, aged 45-79 years) with no history of COPD at baseline.METHODS: Dietary fiber intake was assessed with a self-administered questionnaire in 1997 and was energy-adjusted using the residual method. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusted for potential confounders.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 13.1 years (1998-2012), 1,982 incident cases of COPD were ascertained via linkage to the Swedish health registers. A strong inverse association between total fiber intake (≥36.8 vs. <23.7 g/day) and COPD was observed in current smokers (hazard ratio [HR]=0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.43-0.67) and ex-smokers (HR=0.62, 95%CI=0.50-0.78) but not in never smokers (HR=0.93; 95%CI=0.60-1.45;P-interaction=0.04). For cereal fiber, HRs for highest vs. lowest quintile were 0.62 (95%CI=0.51-0.77,P-trend<0.001) in current smokers and 0.66 (95%CI=0.52-0.82,P-trend<0.001) in ex-smokers; for fruit fiber the HR was 0.65 (95%CI=0.52-0.81,P-trend<0.001) in current smokers and 0.77 (95%CI=0.61-0.98,P-trend=0.17) in ex-smokers; for vegetable fiber it was 0.71 (95%CI=0.57-0.88,P-trend=0.003) in current smokers and 0.92 (95%CI=0.71-1.19,P-trend=0.48) in ex-smokers.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that high fiber intake was inversely associated with COPD incidence in men who are current or ex-smokers.
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| 8. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of COPD : a prospective cohort study of men.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 72:6, s. 500-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables may protect the lung from oxidative damage and prevent COPD.AIMS: To determine the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of COPD by smoking status in men.METHODS: The population-based prospective Cohort of Swedish Men included 44 335 men, aged 45-79 years, with no history of COPD at baseline. Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed with a self-administered questionnaire.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 13.2 years, 1918 incident cases of COPD were ascertained. A strong inverse association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and COPD was observed in smokers but not in never-smokers (p-interaction=0.02). The age-standardised incidence rate per 100 000 person-years in the lowest quintile (<2 servings/day) of total fruit and vegetable consumption was 1166 in current smokers and 506 in ex-smokers; among those in the highest quintile (≥5.3 servings/day), 546 and 255 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The multivariable HR of COPD comparing extreme quintiles of total fruit and vegetable consumption was 0.60 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.76, p-trend <0.0001) in current smokers and 0.66 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.85, p-trend=0.001) in ex-smokers. Each one serving per day increment in total fruit and vegetable consumption decreased risk of COPD significantly by 8% (95% CI 4% to 11%) in current smokers and by 4% (95% CI 0% to 7%) in ex-smokers.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that high consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced COPD incidence in both current and ex-smokers but not in never-smokers.
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| 9. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Heme iron intake and acute myocardial infarction : A prospective study of men
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 172:1, s. 155-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epidemiologic studies of heme iron and non-heme iron intake in relation to risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are lacking. Therefore, we examine the associations between heme iron and non-heme iron intake and fatal and nonfatal AMI in men. Moreover, we investigated whether the associations were modified by intake of minerals (calcium, magnesium, and zinc) that decreases iron absorption. Methods: The population-based prospective cohort of Swedish Men (COSM) included 36 882 men, aged 45-79 years, who completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and had no history of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, or cancer at baseline. Results: During an 11.7 year follow-up, 678 fatal and 2593 nonfatal AMI events were registered. The hazard ratio (HR) of fatal AMI among men in the highest compared with the lowest quintile of heme iron intake was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.07-2.13, P-trend = 0.02). The association was confined to men with a low intake of minerals that can decrease iron absorption. Among men with combined intakes of calcium, magnesium, and zinc below the medians, the HR of fatal AMI was 2.89 (95% CI: 1.43-5.82) for the highest vs. the lowest quintile of heme iron intake. There was no association between heme iron intake and nonfatal AMI, or between non-heme iron intake and fatal or nonfatal AMI. Conclusions: Findings from this prospective study indicate that a high heme iron intake, particularly with simultaneous low intake of minerals that can decrease iron absorption, may increase the risk of fatal AMI. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Kaluza, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Heme Iron Intake and Risk of Stroke A Prospective Study of Men
- 2013
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 44:2, s. 334-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose-Intake of iron, especially heme iron, has been associated with several diseases. However, epidemiological studies of heme iron and nonheme iron intake in relation to risk of stroke are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between heme iron and nonheme iron intake and stroke incidence in men. Methods-The population-based prospective Cohort of Swedish Men included 38 859 men, aged 45 to 79 years, who had no history of stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer at baseline. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results-During an 11.7 years follow-up, 3097 incident cases of stroke, including 2482 cerebral infarctions and 450 intracerebral hemorrhages, were registered. The hazard ratios of total stroke and cerebral infarction for the highest compared with the lowest quintiles of heme iron intake were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.03-1.31; P trend=0.037) and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.00-1.31; P trend=0.089), respectively. The incidence rates of total stroke per 10 000 person-years were 72.6 in the lowest quintile and 84.4 in the highest. The association was confined to men with body mass index <25 kg/m(2), the hazard ratios were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.17-1.68; P trend<0.001) for total stroke and 1.38 (95% CI, 1.13-1.70; P trend=0.001) for cerebral infarction; no association was observed among overweight and obese men. There was no association between nonheme iron intake and risk of total stroke and stroke types. Conclusions-Findings from this prospective study indicate that a high heme iron intake, particularly in normal weight individuals, may increase the risk of stroke. (Stroke. 2013; 44: 334-339.)
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