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- Sevastianova, K, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose tissue inflammation and liver fat in patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy-associated lipodystrophy
- 2008
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. - : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 295:1, s. E85-E91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this cross-sectional study, we sought to determine whether gene expression of macrophage markers and inflammatory chemokines in lipoatrophic subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and liver fat content are increased and interrelated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-positive, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated patients with lipodystrophy (HAART+LD+; n = 27) compared with those without (HAART+LD−; n = 13). The study groups were comparable with respect to age, gender, and body mass index. The HAART+LD+ group had twofold more intra-abdominal ( P = 0.01) and 1.5-fold less subcutaneous ( P = 0.091) fat than the HAART+LD− group. As we have reported previously, liver fat was 10-fold higher in the HAART+LD+ compared with the HAART+LD− group ( P = 0.00003). Inflammatory gene expression was increased in HAART-lipodystrophy: CD68 4.5-fold ( P = 0.000013), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α 2-fold ( P = 0.0094), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) 2 2.5-fold ( P = 0.0024), CCL3 7-fold ( P = 0.0000017), integrin αM (ITGAM) 3-fold ( P = 0.00067), epidermal growth factor-like module containing, mucin-like, hormone receptor-like (EMR)1 2.5-fold ( P = 0.0038), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain (ADAM)8 3.5-fold ( P = 0.00057) higher in the HAART+LD+ compared with the HAART+LD− group. mRNA concentration of CD68 ( r = 0.37, P = 0.019), ITGAM ( r = 0.35, P = 0.025), CCL2 ( r = 0.39, P = 0.012), and CCL3 ( r = 0.54, P = 0.0003) correlated with liver fat content. In conclusion, gene expression of markers of macrophage infiltration and adipose tissue inflammation is increased in lipoatrophic subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue of patients with HAART-associated lipodystrophy compared with those without. CD68, ITGAM, CCL2, and CCL3 expression is significantly associated with accumulation of liver fat.
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- Ahrén, K, et al.
(författare)
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Histamine stimulates progesterone synthesis and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation in isolated preovulatory rat follicles
- 1987
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Ingår i: Neuroendocrinology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0028-3835 .- 1423-0194. ; 46:1, s. 69-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of histamine on progesterone synthesis and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation was studied in superfused and incubated follicles dissected free from immature rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG). Histamine, like LH, increased the progesterone synthesis, but to a smaller extent. The H2-antagonist, cimetidine, inhibited completely the histamine-induced progesterone increase while the H1-antagonist, pyrilamine, as well as propranolol and atropine did not affect the initial response but modified its duration. The specific H2-agonist, 4-methylhistamine, but not the H1-agonist, 2-methylhistamine, mimicked the effect of histamine on progesterone synthesis. In the presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX, histamine increased tissue levels of cAMP. These results suggest that histamine stimulates progesterone synthesis via the H2-receptor with cAMP acting as secondary intracellular messenger.
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