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| 2. |
- Groenheit, Ramona, et al.
(författare)
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High Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection Despite High Seroprevalence, Sweden, 2022
- 2023
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION. - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 29:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed 2 surveys during 2022 to estimate point prevalences of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with overall viral seroprevalence in Sweden. Point prevalence was 1.4% in March and 1.5% in September. Estimated seroprevalence was >80%, including among unvaccinated children. Continued SARS-CoV-2 surveillance is necessary for detecting emerging, possibly more pathogenic variants.
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| 4. |
- Hjalmarsson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Orally Administered Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Metronidazole as Infection Prophylaxis in Elective Colorectal Surgery
- 2015
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Ingår i: Surgical Infections. - : MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. - 1096-2964 .- 1557-8674. ; 16:5, s. 604-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This randomized clinical trial evaluated orally administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and metronidazole (TSM) in elective colorectal surgery as prophylactic for post-operative surgical site infections (SSI). Methods: Patients undergoing elective colorectal resection were evaluated for inclusion. Randomized subjects received either orally administered TSM or intravenously administered cefuroxime and metronidazole (control group, CXM). The primary endpoint was the rate of SSI. Results: A total of 1073 subjects were randomized to either control (540) or TSM (533). 486 patients in the TSM group and 499 in the control group were followed-up with after 4 weeks. Thirty-seven (3.8%) patients were afflicted by SSI at discharge from hospital and 69 (7.0%) at follow-up four weeks after surgery. After four weeks, the rate of incisional SSI was 7.0% in the TSM group and 3.6% in the control group (p=0.022). For organ/space SSI and the other complications monitored in the study, no differences were observed between the groups. Conclusion: Orally administered TSM as prophylaxis before elective colorectal surgery results in a low rate of organ/space SSI but an increased rate of incisional SSI compared with intravenously administered cefuroxime and metronidazole. Thus, when considering orally administered TSM, because of environmental concerns or for economic reasons, the slightly increased infection rate has to be kept in mind.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Jonas
(författare)
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Litteraturhistoriskt undervisningsinnehåll – introduktion och respons
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aims to develop knowledge about the teaching of literary history in upper secondary school. Sub-study I explores: What content is foregrounded when upper secondary school teachers of Swedish introduce literary history? And what significance can different teaching content have for sparking interest? Sub-study II explores: What teaching content sparks students’ interest in literary history? And what other aspects of the teaching spark their interest in literary history according to the students themselves? The study is framed by didactics and curriculum theory and also theories about interest and teaching. The material consists of video recordings from ten different lessons when upper secondary teachers were introducing literary history in the course Swedish 2. The experiences of upper secondary school students of the teaching were collected using questionnaires and interviews. All students were enrolled in university preparation programmes in a medium-sized Swedish city. The results of the analysis in Sub-study I show a wide range of potential literary history teaching content. The study thus contributes new empirical knowledge about what forms (in terms of its content) literary history can take in its teaching. In the past, Swedish as a subject has been discussed to a large extent in relation to the conceptions of the subject of Swedish as a skills subject, as a cultural heritage subject, and as an experience-based subject. The results of the study are discussed in relation to these conceptions but make further contributions by concretizing the variety of teaching content that occurs in classrooms. The results of the analysis in Sub-study II show that upper secondary school students’ interest in literary history can be sparked in relation to different content in the teaching such as students experiences; intertextuality; similarities and differences between different periods; epochs, authors and works, and aesthetic elements. The analysis also revealed aspects that could be linked to the teachers’ ways of leading and organising the teaching. These were passion and engagement; content legitimation; interaction and participation; variety; structure and delimitation and grades or de-emphasis on performance. The many themes identified in Sub-study II contribute to revealing different ways of sparking interest in literary history. This is an important result in view of the fact that previous research has shown that students lack interest in literary history teaching. Together, the two sub-studies contribute to revealing new empirical knowledge about literary history teaching. Finally, there is a reflective discussion which illuminate the study in relation to different perspectives on classroom management.
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| 7. |
- Karlberg, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Structure of human argininosuccinate synthetase.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. - 0907-4449. ; 64:Pt 3, s. 279-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Argininosuccinate synthetase catalyzes the transformation of citrulline and aspartate into argininosuccinate and pyrophosphate using the hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate. This enzymatic process constitutes the rate-limiting step in both the urea and arginine-citrulline cycles. Previous studies have investigated the crystal structures of argininosuccinate synthetase from bacterial species. In this work, the first crystal structure of human argininosuccinate synthetase in complex with the substrates citrulline and aspartate is presented. The human enzyme is compared with structures of argininosuccinate synthetase from bacteria. In addition, the structure also provides new insights into the function of the numerous clinical mutations identified in patients with type I citrullinaemia (also known as classic citrullinaemia).
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanics of materials and structures: a simulation-driven design approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Mechanics of Materials and Structures. - Berkeley, USA : Mathematical Sciences Publishers. - 1559-3959 .- 2157-5428. ; 6:1-4, s. 277-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering product development has developed considerably over the past decade. In order for industry to keep up with continuously changing requirements, it is necessary to develop new and innovative simulation methods. However, few tools and methods for simulation-driven design have been applied in industrial settings and proven to actually drive the development and selection of the ideal solution. Such tools, based on fundamental equations, are the focus of this paper. In this paper the work is based on two cases of mechanics of materials and structures: welding and rotor dynamical simulations. These two examples of simulation-driven design indicate that a larger design space can be explored and that more possible solutions can be evaluated. Therefore, the approach improves the probability of innovations and finding optimal solutions. A calibrated block dumping approach can be used to increase the efficiency of welding simulations when many simulations are required.
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| 9. |
- Källström, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Automatic Transmission Vibration for Clutch Slippage Detection
- 2015
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Ingår i: 22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2015 (ICSV 22). - : Curran Associates, Inc.. - 9781510809031
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heavy duty construction equipment is generally equipped with automatic transmission enablingto change gear ratio automatically. The clutches in an automatic transmission transfer torquefrom the engine to the gearbox and clutch failures may result in costly downtime of constructionequipment. To prevent costly downtime of construction equipment, condition monitoring in com-bination with condition based maintenance may be utilized. Different sensor data are collectedon a machine that enables condition monitoring. Vibration have been measured on an automatictransmission in a construction equipment machine during controlled driving sessions, with andwithout clutch slippage, on a test track. An initial investigation of the vibration measured on theautomatic transmission have been carried out with the purpose to find out if the vibration maycontain reliable information related to clutch slippage considered to be abnormal. Initial signalanalysis of the data have been carried out using Spectrogram and Spectral Kurtosis methods. Theresults indicate that information related to abnormal clutch slippage may be extracted from vibra-tion measured on an automatic transmission in a construction equipment machine.
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