| 1. |
- A Atlasov, Kirill, et al.
(författare)
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1D photonic band formation and photon localization in finite-size photonic-crystal waveguides
- 2010
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Ingår i: OPTICS EXPRESS. - 1094-4087. ; 18:1, s. 117-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A transition from discrete optical modes to 1D photonic bands is experimentally observed and numerically studied in planar photonic-crystal (PhC) L-N microcavities of length N. For increasing N the confined modes progressively acquire a well-defined momentum, eventually reconstructing the band dispersion of the corresponding waveguide. Furthermore, photon localization due to disorder is observed experimentally in the membrane PhCs using spatially resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Implications on single-photon sources and transfer lines based on quasi-1D PhC structures are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Methodology for systems analysis of sustainable wastewater management - assessment for an urban catchment in Vasastaden, Göteborg.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Sustainable Techniques and Strategies in Urban Water Management (NOVATECH'2004). June 6-10 2004. ; , s. 457-464
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a methodology, i.e. a scheme of methods and principles to be used in systems analysis of alternative wastewater systems. The methodology is tested in a case study for an urban catchment where three different system structures for management of wastewater were compared: a combined sewer system, a conventional separate sewer system, and a source controlled separate system. The outcome of the step-by-step methodology is an overall assessment of the sustainability in each of the studied systems, which can be used as support in a decision-making process. The tools and methods have also proven to be useful in evaluation of different scenarios, especially in relation to source control.
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| 3. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling non-structural Best Management Practices - focus on reductions in stormwater pollution
- 2005
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. ; 52:5, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a modelling approach for evaluating the efficiency of different non-structural best management practises for stormwater management. A scenario with a set of source reduction practices was simulated using the substance flow model SEWSYS for an urban catchment in the city of Göteborg, Sweden. The scenario is based on a hypothetical control program that includes prevention, education and regulations. The simulation shows relatively high reductions of copper and PAH, 77 % and 50 %, respectively. The reduction in copper is mainly due to less copper roof corrosion and brake wear, while reduced road wear has the greatest effect for PAH. An important result from this study is that the non-structural BMPs applied did not give a sufficient reduction in pollution to meet the desirable environmental quality criteria. To meet these criteria, additional BMPs must be implemented, preferably a combination of both non-structural and structural measures.
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| 4. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Systemanalys Vasastaden Göteborg - Avloppsvattensystemet
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport beskriver en metod för systemanalys av avloppshanteringen i Vasastaden,Göteborg. Metoden ger ett beslutsunderlag för vilket system eller vilkenkombination av system som ger bäst resultat utifrån miljöaspekter, återföring av näringsämnen, ekonomi och risker. I denna rapport har inte organisations- och brukaraspekter behandlats men det är fullt möjligt att inkludera dessa aspekter i metoden. Metoden kan fånga upp eventuella flaskhalsar i systemen, samtidigt som den belyser risken av att göra fel antaganden så att ett nytt system inte ger den utveckling som vi vill.Analysen för Vasastaden omfattar det nuvarande avloppssystemet som i huvudsak är ett kombinerat system, ett konventionell duplikatsystem och ett duplikatsystem med sorterat dagvatten samt ett svartvattensystem med antingen rörtransport till central behandlingsanläggning eller lokalt omhändertagande med lastbiltransport till central behandlingsanläggning.Med hjälp av en modell för substansflödesanalys har emissionerna av näringsämnen,metaller och organiska föroreningar till mark, vatten och slam beräknats. Resultatet av substansflödesanalysen har använts som indata till bedömning av miljöeffekter för vatten, sediment och avloppsslam. Kostnader för att anlägga, driva och underhålla systemen har beräknats med en framtagen Excel-modell. Risker och robusthet för systemen har analyserats utifrån tekniska och hygieniska aspekter. I riskanalysen har hänsyn tagits till de boende, fastighetsägarna och de kommunala förvaltningarna. I en scenariostudie konstateras att vi måste spänna bågen hårdare för att nå våra uppsatta mål kring recipientskydd och näringsåterföring. Det kan innebära både teknisk utveckling, lagstiftning eller påverkan på tillverkare och brukargrupper. Scenariostudien visar också på var vi får störst resultat när vi påverkar källorna. I en känslighetsanalys visas vad som händer i systemen när vi börjar vrida på källparametrarnaoch hur långt man teoretiskt kan komma med rimliga bedömningar av framtida förändringar i samhället. Vidare belyses vad brukarna kan påverka och vilka åtgärder som generellt ger snabbast resultat. Det handlar också om att påverka människor och deras beteende. Brukarna måste vara mer insatta om hur va-systemen fungerar och de problem som finns samt ha förtroende för systemen. Fastighetsägarna måste sköta sina tak och eventuella lokala anläggningar.Metoden utgår i mycket hög grad från de verkliga lokala förutsättningarna, och kräver mycket indata men kan ge pålitliga svar. Läkemedelsrester är inte med i analysen eftersom utgångspunkten är de ämnen för vilka gränsvärden har satts i Naturvårdsverkets Aktionsplan. Att metallgränsvärdena underskrids är ingen garanti för att lantbrukarna accepterar återföring av slammet till jordbruket. Den oro för läkemedelsrester mm vilken ligger till grund för dagens slamstopp, fångas alltså inte upp i denna analys, eftersom läkemedelsrester mm. inte är med. Systemförändringar av det slag som studerats för Vasastaden kräver i verklighetenatt beslut tas om en samlad strategi för hela Göteborg. Metoden bedöms lämplig att skala upp till hela Göteborg, som underlag för framtida strategibeslut.
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| 5. |
- Atlasow, Kirill A., et al.
(författare)
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Photonic-crystal microcavity laser with site-controlled quantum-wire active medium
- 2009
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 17:20, s. 18178-18183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Site-controlled quantum-wire photonic-crystal microcavity laser is experimentally demonstrated using optical pumping. The single-mode lasing and threshold are established based on the transient laser response, linewidth narrowing, and the details of the non-linear power input-output charateristics. Average-power threshold as low as ~240 nW (absorbed power) and spontaneous emission coupling coefficient β~0.3 are derived.
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| 6. |
- Bianchi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of rare genetic variation to disease susceptibility in a large Scandinavian myositis cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 74:2, s. 342-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of complex autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation in skeletal muscle and extramuscular compartments, and interferon (IFN) system activation. We undertook this study to examine the contribution of genetic variation to disease susceptibility and to identify novel avenues for research in IIMs.Methods Targeted DNA sequencing was used to mine coding and potentially regulatory single nucleotide variants from ~1,900 immune-related genes in a Scandinavian case–control cohort of 454 IIM patients and 1,024 healthy controls. Gene-based aggregate testing, together with rare variant– and gene-level enrichment analyses, was implemented to explore genotype–phenotype relations.Results Gene-based aggregate tests of all variants, including rare variants, identified IFI35 as a potential genetic risk locus for IIMs, suggesting a genetic signature of type I IFN pathway activation. Functional annotation of the IFI35 locus highlighted a regulatory network linked to the skeletal muscle–specific gene PTGES3L, as a potential candidate for IIM pathogenesis. Aggregate genetic associations with AGER and PSMB8 in the major histocompatibility complex locus were detected in the antisynthetase syndrome subgroup, which also showed a less marked genetic signature of the type I IFN pathway. Enrichment analyses indicated a burden of synonymous and noncoding rare variants in IIM patients, suggesting increased disease predisposition associated with these classes of rare variants.Conclusion Our study suggests the contribution of rare genetic variation to disease susceptibility in IIM and specific patient subgroups, and pinpoints genetic associations consistent with previous findings by gene expression profiling. These features highlight genetic profiles that are potentially relevant to disease pathogenesis.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Capador‐Barreto, Hernán D., et al.
(författare)
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Killing two enemies with one stone? : Genomics of resistance to two sympatric pathogens in Norway spruce
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 30:18, s. 4433-4447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trees must cope with the attack of multiple pathogens, often simultaneously during their long lifespan. Ironically, the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling this process are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to compare the genetic component of resistance in Norway spruce to Heterobasidion annosum s.s. and its sympatric congener Heterobasidion parviporum. Heterobasidion root- and stem-rot is a major disease of Norway spruce caused by members of the Heterobasidion annosum species complex. Resistance to both pathogens was measured using artificial inoculations in half-sib families of Norway spruce trees originating from central to northern Europe. The genetic component of resistance was analysed using 63,760 genome-wide exome-capture sequenced SNPs and multitrait genome-wide associations. No correlation was found for resistance to the two pathogens; however, associations were found between genomic variants and resistance traits with synergic or antagonist pleiotropic effects to both pathogens. Additionally, a latitudinal cline in resistance in the bark to H. annosum s.s. was found; trees from southern latitudes, with a later bud-set and thicker stem diameter, allowed longer lesions, but this was not the case for H. parviporum. In summary, this study detects genomic variants with pleiotropic effects which explain multiple disease resistance from a genic level and could be useful for selection of resistant trees to both pathogens. Furthermore, it highlights the need for additional research to understand the evolution of resistance traits to multiple pathogens in trees.
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| 9. |
- Casas-Ruiz, Joan P., et al.
(författare)
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Integrating terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to constrain estimates of land-atmosphere carbon exchange
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this Perspective, we put forward an integrative framework to improve estimates of land-atmosphere carbon exchange based on the accumulation of carbon in the landscape as constrained by its lateral export through rivers. The framework uses the watershed as the fundamental spatial unit and integrates all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as well as their hydrologic carbon exchanges. Application of the framework should help bridge the existing gap between land and atmosphere-based approaches and offers a platform to increase communication and synergy among the terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric research communities that is paramount to advance landscape carbon budget assessments.
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| 10. |
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