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| 2. |
- Herrmann, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Chlamydia trachomatis testing : a national evaluation of internet based self-sampling in sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 95, s. A72-A72
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) testing in Sweden is free of charge and now exceeds 600,000 annual tests in a population of 10 million. These tests include internet-based self-sampling tests, a service that gradually has been implemented as a part of routine diagnostics in all 21 counties. To our knowledge Sweden is the country with the highest coverage of internet based self-sampling for CT. This study evaluates the diagnostic outcome for self-sampling.Methods Requests for both self-sampling at home and clinic based sampling for CT-testing were sent to the laboratories in 18 of 21 counties. All 18 counties provided data on self-sampling in 2017 and 12 counties (representing 80% of the population) provided data on both self-collected samples at home and clinic based testing for the years 2013 to 2017.Results The proportion of self-sampling increased from 12.9% in 2013 to 17.8% in 2016 when compared to national chlamydia test figures. Between 23% and 26% of delivered test kits were never sent back for analysis during 2013–2017. In analysis of 12 counties self-sampling increased by 110% between 2013 (n=32,993) and 2017 (n=69,181) for women, compared to 67% for men (2013: n=21,008; 2017: n=35,091). Test volumes for clinic based sampling was fairly constant for both sexes (women 2013 n=245,274; 2017 n=243,338; men 2013 n=97,519; 2017 n=110,617). The proportion of men was 36% for self-sampling compared to 30% (p<0,00001) for clinic based sampling, and the positivity rate decreased for both groups from 2013 to 2017 (7,8% to 7,1% (p<0,01)) vs 9.1% to 7.0% (p<0,0001)). Corresponding figures for women went from 5.3% to 4.6% (p<0,0001)and from 4.9% to 4.1% (p<0,0001).Conclusion Self-sampling has increased significantly in recent years, especially among women.The positivity rate is similar in self-collected and clinic collected samples.Self-sampling reaches men more than clinic based testing, but not as much as expected.Disclosure No significant relationships.
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- Karlsson, Roger, 1944-
(författare)
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Interference with biological rhythm : a novel approach to metabolic disorders in women
- 1992
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Women seem to be largely protected against certain ‘welfare disorders’ such as cardiovacular disease and osteoporosis, during their fertile years.The metabolic changes observed during women’s non-menstrual states, i.e. during pregnancy, after the menopause and during use of oral contraceptives, indicate the importance of sex steroids and an undisturbed biological rhythm. Treatment with monophasic, combined oral contraceptives constitutes a model for the non-cyclic state.Growth hormone (GH) is a pituitary hormone that has major metabolic effects. The pattern of GH exposure to the target organ is of vital importance for the effects and changes in rhythm could possibly induce metabolic changes.Growth hormome, cholecystokinin (CCK), osteocalcin and angiotensinogen were used as markers for metabolic effects and the concentrations in serum were recorded in women during non-menstrual states. The clinical material comprised a total of 60 women: 18 healthy non-pregnant, 25 pregnant, one lactating woman and 16 postmenopausal women. Using a portable pump and a non-thrombogenic venous catheter, blood samples could be collected at 30-min intervals during 24-h periods. Furthermore, the effects of estrogen and GH in the regulation of angiotensinogen were investigated in an experimental model in the rat.Oral contraceptives were found to alter the secretion of GH towards a pattern of lower and more frequent peaks, though the total amount secreted during 24 h was unchanged. Oral contraceptives seem to induce a suppression of the 24-h concentrations of CCK, which may be important with respect to weight gain in some women. Osteocalcin in serum display a significant circadian variation. This emphasizes the need for careful timing of single point measurements and the value of continuous blood sampling. Oral contraceptives may reduce osteocalcin serum concentrations. The long-term effects on bone are unknown. During late pregnancy osteocalcin levels are extremely low, which could indicate osteoblast inhibition and reduced bone turnover. The mode of GH administration is important for the plasma concentration of angiotensinogen in the non-pregnant rat. Estrogen effects on this protein may be mediated via a modification of GH secretion. Oral contraceptives not only increase angiotensinogen concentrations in serum but also markedly enhance their variability. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relation between the individual pattern of angiotensinogen and hypertension.
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| 4. |
- Odlind, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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Allmän gynekologi
- 2003
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Ingår i: Läkemedelsboken. 2003/2004. - Linköping : Linköpings universitet. - 9185574457 ; , s. 449-465
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Söderqvist, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based self-sampling for Chlamydia trachomatis testing : a national evaluation in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 96:3, s. 160-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Internet-based testing for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) with self-sampling at home has gradually been implemented in Sweden since 2006 as a free-of-charge service within the public healthcare system. This study evaluated the national diagnostic outcome of this service. Methods Requests for data on both self-sampling at home and clinic-based sampling for CT testing were sent to the laboratories in 18 of 21 counties. Four laboratories were also asked to provide data on testing patterns at the individual level for the years 2013-2017. Results The proportion of self-sampling increased gradually from 2013, comprising 22.0% of all CT tests in Sweden in 2017. In an analysis of 14 counties (representing 83% of the population), self-sampling increased by 115% between 2013 and 2017 for women, compared with 71% for men, while test volumes for clinic-based sampling were fairly constant for both sexes (1.8% increase for women, 15% increase for men). In 2017 self-sampling accounted for 20.3% of all detected CT cases, and the detection rate was higher than, but similar to, clinic-based testing (5.5% vs 5.1%). The proportion of self-sampling men was also higher, but similar (33.7% vs 30.8%). Analysis of individual testing patterns in four counties over 5 years showed a higher proportion of men using self-sampling only (67%, n=10 533) compared with women (40%, n=8885). Conclusions Self-sampling has increased substantially in recent years, especially among women. This service is at least as beneficial as clinic-based screening for detection of CT, and self-sampling reaches men more than clinic-based testing.
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