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- Roupé, Mattias, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring diffrent design spaces - VR as a tool during building design
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality (CONVR2019) - Enabling digital technologies to sustain construction growth and efficiency. ; 19, s. 94-102
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the design process of a building different medias are often used to depict the design. Traditional media, especially 2D requires high spatial skill and cognitive demand on the designers. For inexperienced designers, this process can be demanding, be difficult and can cause potential biased design perceptions that are significantly different from the reality. However, studies have also shown that different media and representation facilitates different cognitive reasoning processes about the design. Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) is assumed to give another level of understanding and perception of design space from an egocentric perception than 2D plan drawings or bird-eye views, which have been argued to provide opportunities for better pattern and object recognition that is suitable when studying spatial organization in an allocentric reasoning process. This paper investigates, the different design medias and spatial space explorations further, by studying how students used the different representations and medias (e.g. sketches, 3d-models and VR) during their design process. By combining and using both of these two design space representations, (e.g. egocentric and allocentric) in the design process, it gives a possibility to achieve a more developed design outcome. The methods used in this study were observations and un-structured interviews during the design process and a follow up questionnaire at the end of the design project. The result show, by combining and using both VR and traditional design sketching tools that it is possible to support the two design space representations together and give the designer the possibilities to explore, understand, discuss and work with the design in a more elaborate way from both an egocentric and allocentric perspective. The paper also presents in what way VR can contribute to the Evidence Based Design (EBD) criteria and how the students used different design spaces representations for design and spatial reasoning about the healthcare design of the psychiatric facility they were designing.
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| 2. |
- Fröst, Peter, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Administrativa arbetsplatser i vården och dess förvaltningar
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kan administrativa arbetsplatser i vården utformas så att det administrativa arbetet underlättas och det blir mer tid över till det direkta patientarbetet?Flera studier visar att svenska läkare använder cirka hälften av sin arbetstid till administration. Trots detta har vi hittills gett utformningen av de administrativa arbetsplatserna väldigt lite uppmärksamhet. Ny teknik och nya arbetssätt har inneburit att förutsättningarna för administrativa arbetsplatser/kontor har förändrats drastiskt under de senaste decennierna. Det är därför dags att ifrågasätta ”Expeditionerna” inom vården för att se om man kan hämta inspiration till nya lösningar i andra samhällssektorer. Rapporten presenterar ett ”evidensbaserat konceptprogram” för vårdens administrativa arbetsplatser. Det är utvecklat av PTS-forum, som är en sammanslutning av fastighetsorganisationerna i 15 svenska landsting. Tillsammans med Centrum för vårdens arkitektur (CVA) på Chalmers har man sedan 2011 arbetat med att utveckla kunskapsunderlag för planering av vårdbyggnader. Utgångspunkten är att bra vårdbyggnader och god vårdarkitektur är en viktig del av vården. Syftet är att tillhandahålla ett samordnat kunskapsmaterial som kan användas som planerings- och beslutsunderlag när vårdens administrativa lokaler planeras och byggs. Målet är att främja en god arbetsmiljö inom vården och underlätta moderna och rationella arbetssätt så att det blir mer tid över till det direkta patientarbetet. Rapporten innehåller illustrerade förslag till utformning av framtidens administrativa arbetsplatser. Här ingår också en forskningsöversikt med relevant internationell forskning samt en ny kartläggning av hur dagens administrativa arbetsplatser uppfattas och används inom den svenska vården. Rapportens slutsats är att ett förändrat förhållningssätt behöver införas där även de administrativa arbetsplatserna, liksom vårdens övriga lokaler utformas aktivitetsbaserat och behovsstyrt. Projektets kartläggning pekar på att nyttjandegraden av ej vårdnära administrativa arbetsplatser är mycket låg. Dessa kan därför effektiviseras och minska i yta genom att planeras för en behovsstyrd användning. Outnyttjad yta kan därmed omfördelas till vårdnära administration, där det behövs mer arbetsplatser. Våra kartläggningar indikerar också att nyttjandegraden på vårdnära administrativa arbetsplatser är relativt hög. Rapportens slutsats är därför att vårdnära administrativa arbetsplatser för det direkta patientarbetet behöver utvecklas genom att nya typer införs och i vissa fall utökas.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Saga, 1985
(författare)
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Framtidssäkring i vårdbyggnadsprojekt
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Buildings are affected by physical, economical, functional, technological, social and legal drivers. These aspects also change over the life time of a building and results in new requirements. This development drive change in all building design projects and more importantly so in healthcare. This results in a need to consider future-proofing (FP) approaches to manage the continual change and requirements. Previous research on FP approaches has mostly focused on the importance of FP as such, i.e. that it is considered. There has been little attention on how the architectural practice actually worked with FP related to healthcare buildings, or their interpretations of related concepts to FP, such as flexibility. The objective of the licentiate thesis is to explore how FP in Swedish healthcare building design is approached by architects and stakeholders in healthcare building design projects. In the licentiate thesis the following research questions are addressed: 1) Which aspects of FP was discussed when working on the strategy during the design process in Swedish healthcare buildings according to the architects in the study? 2) Which building design due to FP has been or not been implemented (but discussed) in Swedish healthcare buildings according to the architects in the study? 3) Which FP design strategies has not been discussed, in relation to a broader foreign framework, by the architects in the study? 4) In what way does stakeholders in the Swedish healthcare projects relate to the concept of FP and flexibility? The licentiate thesis is explorative in its character and contain two studies. The first study takes its point of departure in a qualitative, multi-case study of planned and/or built Swedish healthcare buildings. Data has been collected from presentations of healthcare building design projects encompassing FP approaches and through semi-structured interviews with architects designing healthcare buildings. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed through content analysis focusing on the architects view and interpretation of FP in their projects. In the first study a qualitative synthesis has also been done concerning the third research question. The synthesis compare result from the second research question with a larger framework containing 12 design strategies and 60 building characteristics (a framework constructed by Schmidt and Austin, 2016). The second study which aims to answer the fourth research question was a survey study. Data has been collected from a survey (n=42) and has been analysed through a word analysis. Results show that architects, healthcare staff and clients has planned and considered future changes in all the healthcare project discussed in the study according to the architects. Result also describe different changes in the design process and finds that certain building design strategies aimed to ease changes during the management stage, also eases changes during the concept- and developed design phases. Sixteen different types of building design strategies addressing future changes were identified in the projects that were studied. Results from studies related to the third research question and a part of study one indicates that architects in the study do consider all 12 design strategies from the broader framework constructed by Schmidt and Austin (2016). However, 23 of the 60 building characteristics in the framework were not discussed in relation to FP in the studied projects. In the second study respondents showed a different understanding of the relationship between flexibility and future proofing. The view among the architects, that were included in the study, on FP approaches is found to be based on a narrow scope and include a vague terminology. While it is difficult, even impossible, to predict all future changes in a healthcare building design project there is a need to develop design strategies that can address FP. However, and herein lies the challenge, an FP approach needs to be broad enough to allow for variations and defined enough to be justifiable from a project cost and delivery perspective as well as enabling a design supporting the healthcare activities. This could be relevant to further research such as studying or working with a healthcare building project process in detail or developing a new tool for practitioners working with approaches for FP. This licentiate thesis is written in Swedish.
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