| 1. |
- Karlsson, Salome, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ Experiences and Perceptions of Recovering from Anorexia Nervosa While Having Contact with Psychiatric Care : A Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis of Qualitative Studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 42:8, s. 709-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious disease which is difficult to treat. Little is known about the recovery from AN, and therefore, this review's aim was to review and synthesise patients' experiences and perceptions of what is meaningful for recovery from anorexia nervosa while having contact with psychiatric care. Cinahl, PubMed, and PsycINFO were systematically searched, and 24 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Three themes were identified: Being in a trustful and secure care relationship, Finding oneself again, and Being in an engaging and personal treatment. Efforts supporting staff learning and person-centred care should be emphasised and researched further.
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| 2. |
- Ottosson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic resin acid derivatives selectively open the hK(V)7.2/7.3 channel and prevent epileptic seizures
- 2021
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Ingår i: Epilepsia. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0013-9580 .- 1528-1167. ; 62:7, s. 1744-1758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective About one third of all patients with epilepsy have pharmacoresistant seizures. Thus there is a need for better pharmacological treatments. The human voltage-gated potassium (hK(V)) channel hK(V)7.2/7.3 is a validated antiseizure target for compounds that activate this channel. In a previous study we have shown that resin acid derivatives can activate the hK(V)7.2/7.3 channel. In this study we investigated if these channel activators have the potential to be developed into a new type of antiseizure drug. Thus we examined their structure-activity relationships and the site of action on the hK(V)7.2/7.3 channel, if they have unwanted cardiac and cardiovascular effects, and their potential antiseizure effect. Methods Ion channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes or mammalian cell lines and explored with two-electrode voltage-clamp or automated patch-clamp techniques. Unwanted vascular side effects were investigated with isometric tension recordings. Antiseizure activity was studied in an electrophysiological zebrafish-larvae model. Results Fourteen resin acid derivatives were tested on hK(V)7.2/7.3. The most efficient channel activators were halogenated and had a permanently negatively charged sulfonyl group. The compounds did not bind to the sites of other hK(V)7.2/7.3 channel activators, retigabine, or ICA-069673. Instead, they interacted with the most extracellular gating charge of the S4 voltage-sensing helix, and the effects are consistent with an electrostatic mechanism. The compounds altered the voltage dependence of hK(V)7.4, but in contrast to retigabine, there were no effects on the maximum conductance. Consistent with these data, the compounds had less smooth muscle-relaxing effect than retigabine. The compounds had almost no effect on the voltage dependence of hK(V)11.1, hNa(V)1.5, or hCa(V)1.2, or on the amplitude of hK(V)11.1. Finally, several resin acid derivatives had clear antiseizure effects in a zebrafish-larvae model. Significance The described resin acid derivatives hold promise for new antiseizure medications, with reduced risk for adverse effects compared with retigabine.
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| 3. |
- Salomé, Nicolas, et al.
(författare)
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On the central mechanism underlying ghrelin's chronic pro-obesity effects in rats: new insights from studies exploiting a potent ghrelin receptor antagonist.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of neuroendocrinology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2826 .- 0953-8194. ; 21:9, s. 777-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we explore the central nervous system mechanism underlying the chronic central effects of ghrelin with respect to increasing body weight and body fat. Specifically, using a recently developed ghrelin receptor antagonist, GHS-R1A (JMV2959), we investigate the role of GHS-R1A in mediating the effects of ghrelin on energy balance and on hypothalamic gene expression. As expected, in adult male rats, chronic central treatment with ghrelin for 14 days, when compared to vehicle-treated control rats, resulted in an increased body weight, lean mass and fat mass (assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry), dissected white fat pad weight, cumulative food intake, food efficiency, respiratory exchange ratio and a decrease of energy expenditure. Co-administration of the ghrelin receptor antagonist JMV2959 suppressed/blocked the majority of these effects, with the notable exception of ghrelin-induced food intake and food efficiency. The hypothesis emerging from these data, namely that GHS-R1A mediates the chronic effects of ghrelin on fat accumulation, at least partly independent of food intake, is discussed in light of the accompanying data regarding the hypothalamic genes coding for peptides and receptors involved in energy balance regulation, which were found to have altered expression in these studies.
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| 4. |
- Santos, Salome, et al.
(författare)
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Phase diagrams come alive: understanding how to create, destroy or change ordered surfactant structures by polymerizing the counterions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Soft Matter. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1744-6848 .- 1744-683X. ; 7:5, s. 1830-1839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free radical polymerization of acrylate counterions to cationic alkyltrimethylammonium surfactant ions was performed in aqueous media. The results of the reactions were either formation, destruction or change of liquid crystalline surfactant structures, depending on the starting conditions such as the surfactant concentration, the content of inert counterions and the monomer-to-initiator ratio. The results were consistent with predictions inferred from equilibrium phase diagrams recently established for aqueous mixtures of the cationic surfactants alkyltrimethylammonium acetate or bromide (C(n)TAAc/Br; n = 12, 16) with the "complex salts'' C(n)TAPA(m), in which the counterions to the surfactant ions were polyacrylate polyions (PAs) of different degrees of polymerization (m = 25, 30 or 6000). Appropriate pathways, at constant water content, through the latter ternary phase diagrams show what happens, at equilibrium, when monomeric counterions to the surfactant ions are replaced by polymeric counterions. These pathways through the equilibrium phase diagrams thus "come alive'' in the counterion polymerization processes performed here.
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