| 1. |
- Karlsson, R., et al.
(författare)
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Proteotyping: Proteomic characterization, classification and identification of microorganisms - A prospectus
- 2015
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Ingår i: Systematic and Applied Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0723-2020. ; 38:4, s. 246-257
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern microbial systematics requires a range of methodologies for the comprehensive characterization, classification and identification of microorganisms. While whole-genome sequences provide the ultimate reference for defining microbial phylogeny and taxonomy, selected biomarker-based strategies continue to provide the means for the bulk of microbial systematic studies. Proteomics, the study of the expression of genes, as well as the structure and function of the resulting proteins, offers indirect measures of genome sequence data. Recent developments in applications of proteomics for analyzing microorganisms have paralleled the growing microbial genome sequence database, as well as the evolution of mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation and bioinformatics. MALDI-TOF MS, which generates proteomic mass patterns for 'fingerprint'-based characterizations, has provided a marked breakthrough for microbial identification. However, MALDI-TOF MS is limited in the number of targets that can be detected for strain characterization. Advanced methods of tandem mass spectrometry, in which proteins and peptides generated from proteins, are characterized and identified, using LC-MS/MS, provide the ability to detect hundreds or thousands of expressed microbial strain markers for high-resolution characterizations and identifications. Model studies demonstrate the application of proteomics-based analyses for bacterial species- and strain-level detection and identification and for characterization of environmentally relevant, metabolically diverse bacteria. Proteomics-based approaches represent an emerging complement to traditional methods of characterizing microorganisms, enabling the elucidation of the expressed biomarkers of genome sequence information, which can be applied to 'proteotyping' applications of microorganisms at all taxonomic levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Adielsson, Anna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A 20-year perspective of in hospital cardiac arrest : Experiences from a university hospital with focus on wards with and without monitoring facilities.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 216, s. 194-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Knowledge about change in the characteristics and outcome of in hospital cardiac arrests (IHCAs) is insufficient.AIM: To describe a 20year perspective of in hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in wards with and without monitoring capabilities.SETTINGS: Sahlgrenska University Hospital (800 beds). The number of beds varied during the time of survey from 850-746 TIME: 1994-2013.METHODS: Retrospective registry study. Patients were assessed in four fiveyear intervals.INCLUSION CRITERIA: Witnessed and nonwitnessed IHCAs when cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was attempted.EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Age below 18years.RESULTS: In all, there were 2340 patients with IHCA during the time of the survey. 30-Day survival increased significantly in wards with monitoring facilities from 43.5% to 55.6% (p=0.002) for trend but not in wards without such facilities (p=0.003 for interaction between wards with/without monitoring facilities and time period). The CPC-score among survivors did not change significantly in any of the two types of wards. In wards with monitoring facilities there was a significant reduction of the delay time from collapse to start of CPR and an increase in the proportion of patients who were defibrillated before the arrival of the rescue team. In wards without such facilities there was a significant reduction of the delay from collapse to defibrillation. However, the latter observation corresponds to a marked decrease in the proportion of patients found in ventricular fibrillation.CONCLUSION: In a 20year perspective the treatment of in hospital cardiac arrest was characterised by a more rapid start of treatment. This was reflected in a significant increase in 30-day survival in wards with monitoring facilities. In wards without such facilities there was a decrease in patients found in ventricular fibrillation.
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| 3. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Methodology for systems analysis of sustainable wastewater management - assessment for an urban catchment in Vasastaden, Göteborg.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Sustainable Techniques and Strategies in Urban Water Management (NOVATECH'2004). June 6-10 2004. ; , s. 457-464
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a methodology, i.e. a scheme of methods and principles to be used in systems analysis of alternative wastewater systems. The methodology is tested in a case study for an urban catchment where three different system structures for management of wastewater were compared: a combined sewer system, a conventional separate sewer system, and a source controlled separate system. The outcome of the step-by-step methodology is an overall assessment of the sustainability in each of the studied systems, which can be used as support in a decision-making process. The tools and methods have also proven to be useful in evaluation of different scenarios, especially in relation to source control.
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| 4. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling non-structural Best Management Practices - focus on reductions in stormwater pollution
- 2005
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. ; 52:5, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a modelling approach for evaluating the efficiency of different non-structural best management practises for stormwater management. A scenario with a set of source reduction practices was simulated using the substance flow model SEWSYS for an urban catchment in the city of Göteborg, Sweden. The scenario is based on a hypothetical control program that includes prevention, education and regulations. The simulation shows relatively high reductions of copper and PAH, 77 % and 50 %, respectively. The reduction in copper is mainly due to less copper roof corrosion and brake wear, while reduced road wear has the greatest effect for PAH. An important result from this study is that the non-structural BMPs applied did not give a sufficient reduction in pollution to meet the desirable environmental quality criteria. To meet these criteria, additional BMPs must be implemented, preferably a combination of both non-structural and structural measures.
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| 5. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Systemanalys Vasastaden Göteborg - Avloppsvattensystemet
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport beskriver en metod för systemanalys av avloppshanteringen i Vasastaden,Göteborg. Metoden ger ett beslutsunderlag för vilket system eller vilkenkombination av system som ger bäst resultat utifrån miljöaspekter, återföring av näringsämnen, ekonomi och risker. I denna rapport har inte organisations- och brukaraspekter behandlats men det är fullt möjligt att inkludera dessa aspekter i metoden. Metoden kan fånga upp eventuella flaskhalsar i systemen, samtidigt som den belyser risken av att göra fel antaganden så att ett nytt system inte ger den utveckling som vi vill.Analysen för Vasastaden omfattar det nuvarande avloppssystemet som i huvudsak är ett kombinerat system, ett konventionell duplikatsystem och ett duplikatsystem med sorterat dagvatten samt ett svartvattensystem med antingen rörtransport till central behandlingsanläggning eller lokalt omhändertagande med lastbiltransport till central behandlingsanläggning.Med hjälp av en modell för substansflödesanalys har emissionerna av näringsämnen,metaller och organiska föroreningar till mark, vatten och slam beräknats. Resultatet av substansflödesanalysen har använts som indata till bedömning av miljöeffekter för vatten, sediment och avloppsslam. Kostnader för att anlägga, driva och underhålla systemen har beräknats med en framtagen Excel-modell. Risker och robusthet för systemen har analyserats utifrån tekniska och hygieniska aspekter. I riskanalysen har hänsyn tagits till de boende, fastighetsägarna och de kommunala förvaltningarna. I en scenariostudie konstateras att vi måste spänna bågen hårdare för att nå våra uppsatta mål kring recipientskydd och näringsåterföring. Det kan innebära både teknisk utveckling, lagstiftning eller påverkan på tillverkare och brukargrupper. Scenariostudien visar också på var vi får störst resultat när vi påverkar källorna. I en känslighetsanalys visas vad som händer i systemen när vi börjar vrida på källparametrarnaoch hur långt man teoretiskt kan komma med rimliga bedömningar av framtida förändringar i samhället. Vidare belyses vad brukarna kan påverka och vilka åtgärder som generellt ger snabbast resultat. Det handlar också om att påverka människor och deras beteende. Brukarna måste vara mer insatta om hur va-systemen fungerar och de problem som finns samt ha förtroende för systemen. Fastighetsägarna måste sköta sina tak och eventuella lokala anläggningar.Metoden utgår i mycket hög grad från de verkliga lokala förutsättningarna, och kräver mycket indata men kan ge pålitliga svar. Läkemedelsrester är inte med i analysen eftersom utgångspunkten är de ämnen för vilka gränsvärden har satts i Naturvårdsverkets Aktionsplan. Att metallgränsvärdena underskrids är ingen garanti för att lantbrukarna accepterar återföring av slammet till jordbruket. Den oro för läkemedelsrester mm vilken ligger till grund för dagens slamstopp, fångas alltså inte upp i denna analys, eftersom läkemedelsrester mm. inte är med. Systemförändringar av det slag som studerats för Vasastaden kräver i verklighetenatt beslut tas om en samlad strategi för hela Göteborg. Metoden bedöms lämplig att skala upp till hela Göteborg, som underlag för framtida strategibeslut.
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| 6. |
- Allard, Bert, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Black shale : a biogeochemical archive
- 2014
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Ingår i: Sedimentary Pore Space Cementation: Role of Microbes. ; , s. 6-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Brown, Kelly, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Profile of blood cells and inflammatory mediators in periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome.
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to profile levels of blood cells and serum cytokines during afebrile and febrile phases of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome to advance pathophysiological understanding of this pediatric disease. METHODS: A cohort of patients with a median age of 4.9 years experiencing 'typical PFAPA' episodes participated in this study. Blood cells and serum cytokines were analyzed by CBC analysis and multiplex ELISA. RESULTS: Oscillations in the concentration of blood cells during the afebrile and febrile phases of typical PFAPA syndrome were observed; novel findings include increased monocytes and decreased eosinophils during a febrile episode and increased thrombocytes in the afebrile interval. Relatively modest levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were present in sera. IFNγ-induced cytokine IP10/CXCL10 was increased after the onset of fever while T cell-associated cytokines IL7 and IL17 were suppressed during afebrile and febrile periods. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of dysregulated blood cells and serum cytokines is an initial step towards the identification of biomarkers of PFAPA disease and/or players in disease pathogenesis. Future investigations are required to conclusively discern which mediators are associated specifically with PFAPA syndrome.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Grandin, Anna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Potential use of native fungal strains for assisted uranium retention
- 2015
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Ingår i: Minerals Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0892-6875 .- 1872-9444. ; 81, s. 173-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uranium-stabilizing ligands can be useful complexing agents for uranium in aqueous solution. The discovery of novel ligand candidates for selective uranium capture in artificial and natural waters could provide scope for their use in water remediation and metal recovery from low- and high grade ores. In this study we used seven fungal strains, isolated from shale waste, to monitor the uranium retention capacity from an aqueous solution. After four weeks of incubation, suspensions containing the fungal strains were filtered, and up to 100% of the total uranium inventory was removed from a 10 mg L-1 solution. Approximately 70% of the total uranium removal is attributed to complexation and/or adsorption by particles in the malt extract and some 10% is adsorbed by the fungal biomass. The additional 20% uranium removed could be related to the excretion of fungal metabolites. From 58% to 90% of the uranium is removed within ten minutes. The formation of colloidal/particulate uranium is proposed to be controlled by organic ligands in the culture medium and organic ligands excreted by the fungi where phosphorus moieties seem to be important. Membrane fouling by the hydrocarbons is also suggested to contribute to a loss of uranium from the aqueous phase.
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| 10. |
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