| 1. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Fathers, Work and Family in Sweden and the US
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigated Swedish and US fathers’ experiences of work-family conflict, possible solutions, and actual changes to their work situation in relation to becoming a parent. The Swedish data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 fathers with a child born in 2005 or 2006. The US data came from interviews conducted between 2005 and 2007 with 26 fathers with at least one child age five or younger. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of conflicts, half of the Swedish fathers mention time pressures or stress, with some referring to work-life balance as a puzzle. Findings indicate that the US fathers think that they work too much overtime as well as shift hours, and they also mention arguments with their partner about responsibility at home. At the same time, a majority of both US and Swedish fathers emphasize family as a priority over work. In terms of possible solutions, a common theme among Swedish fathers is to mention that ideal work hours would be less than their current hours, with some wishing for a shorter work week (e.g., 4 days) and others a shorter work day (e.g., 6 hours). US fathers most commonly wish for a more flexible work-life situation. In terms of actual changes, several fathers adjust their work lives in response to their family life. Among Swedish fathers, the most common changes involve working fewer hours, adjusting their start and end times, and taking advantage of flexible hours. Swedish fathers also emphasize trading off with their partners, including ‘shift parenting.’ As for US fathers, some have changed their job to be more at home, some changed from working three shifts and some fathers solved the situation by intense work during a limited time.
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| 2. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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What Work-Family Conflicts Do Fathers Experience in Sweden and in the United States?
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: Balancing Work and Family in a Changing Society. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137595270 ; , s. 176-189
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigated Swedish and US fathers’ experiences of work-family conflict, possible solutions, and actual changes to their work situation in relation to becoming a parent. The Swedish data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 fathers with a child born in 2005 or 2006. The US data came from interviews conducted between 2005 and 2007 with 26 fathers with at least one child age five or younger. The Swedish semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of conflicts, half of the Swedish fathers mention time pressures or stress, with some referring to work-life balance as a puzzle. Findings indicate that the US fathers think that they work too much overtime as well as shift hours, and they also mention arguments with their partner about responsibility at home. At the same time, a majority of both US and Swedish fathers emphasize family as a priority over work. In terms of possible solutions, a common theme among Swedish fathers is to mention that ideal work hours would be less than their current hours, with some wishing for a shorter work week (e.g., 4 days) and others a shorter work day (e.g., 6 hours). US fathers most commonly wish for a more flexible work-life situation. In terms of actual changes, several fathers adjust their work lives in response to their family life. Among Swedish fathers, the most common changes involve working fewer hours, adjusting their start and end times, and taking advantage of flexible hours. Swedish fathers also emphasize trading off with their partners, including ‘shift parenting.’ As for US fathers, some have changed their job to be more at home, some changed from working three shifts and some fathers solved the situation by intense work during a limited time.
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| 3. |
- Engeman, Cassandra, et al.
(författare)
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United States
- 2023
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Ingår i: 19th International Review of Leave Policies and Related Research 2023. - : International Network on Leave Policies and Research. ; , s. 590-602
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The International Network on Leave Policies and Research has been producing an annual review of leave policies and related research since 2005 (for earlier reviews, go to the network’s website www.leavenetwork.org). The review covers Maternity, Paternity and Parental leaves; leave to care for sick children and other employment-related measures to support working parents; and early childhood education and care policy. The review is based on country notes from each participating country, prepared by members of the network and edited by a team of network members. Each country note follows a standard format: details of different types of leave; the relationship between leave policy and early childhood education and care policy; recent policy developments; information on take-up of leave. The review also includes definitions of the main types of leave policies; and cross-country comparisons. These comparative overviews cover: each main type of leave; the relationship between leave and ECEC entitlements; and policy changes and developments since the previous review. We also include a technical appendix. The 2023 review covers 50 countries. These are: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America, and Uruguay. Colombia is a new country note joining the review this year for the first time.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Kaufman, Gayle, et al.
(författare)
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Displaying parenthood, (un)doing gender : parental leave, daycare, and working time adjustments in Sweden and the UK
- 2021
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Ingår i: Families, Relationships and Societies. - : Policy Press. - 2046-7435 .- 2046-7443. ; 10:2, s. 213-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on interviews with 42 parents of preschoolers in Sweden and the UK, we examine how parents display good parenthood in two family policy contexts. In the UK, mothers take longer leave, work part-time, and limit daycare to demonstrate good motherhood while fathers continue to work long hours, reinforcing a gendered division of labor. In Sweden, mothers and fathers are more likely to share leave and caring responsibilities, displaying gender equality as well as good parenting. While displaying good parenthood was prominent in parents’ narratives in both countries, differences in policy context matter. Parental leave deliberations and working time adjustments were closely linked to the display of motherhood in both countries but also the display of fatherhood in Sweden. Daycare is an integral part of displaying parenthood by emphasizing benefits to children but also parental care through public appearances.
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| 6. |
- Kaufman, Gayle, et al.
(författare)
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Enduring Egalitarianism? Family Transitions and Attitudes Toward Gender Equality in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of family issues. - 0192-513X .- 1552-5481. ; 38:13, s. 1878-1898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research in industrialized countries finds that attitudes toward gender equality are affected by family-related transitions as young adults with egalitarian attitudes based on growing equality between the sexes in the public sphere of education and work encounter a much less equal situation in the private sphere of the family. Sweden, however, is a society known for its emphasis on gender equality in the family. This study examines the effect of family transitions on attitudes toward gender equality, asking whether egalitarian attitudes can withstand changing family transitions in Sweden. Using longitudinal data from the Young Adult Panel Study, we examine six different family transitions and three measures of attitudes toward gender equality for men and women, with only three significant findings across 18 coefficients. We conclude that most Swedish young adults possess enduring attitudes, likely because there is strong state support for families and gender sharing in the private sphere.
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| 7. |
- Kaufman, Gayle, et al.
(författare)
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Gender, work and childbearing : couple analysis of work adjustments after the transition to parenthood
- 2015
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Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 18:1, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focusses on Swedish couples' work adjustment following the transition to parenthood. Specifically, we ask whether couples' gender role attitudes influence whether they make adjustments to their work situations after the end of the parental leave. Using couple data from the Young Adult Panel Study , we find that both partners are more likely to make work adjustments when both partners hold egalitarian attitudes. It is also mre likely that only the male partne will make work changes when both partners are egalitarian. When one partner holds more egalitarian attitudes than the other partner, it tends to have a stronger impact on the work adjustment of the more egalitarian partner. For example, couples with egalitarian male partners are more than three times as likely to have the male partner change his work situation as couples in which neither partner holds egalitarian attitudes. While less consistent, there is some evidence that female egalitarian attitudes increase the likelihood of female work changes.
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| 8. |
- Kaufman, Gayle, et al.
(författare)
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His and Her Job : What Matters Most for Fertility Plans and Actual Childbearing?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Family Relations. - : Wiley. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 61:4, s. 686-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines workplace culture and fertility plans and transitions in Sweden. This study goes beyond previous research in examining the effect of particular job characteristics as well as the influence of a partner's job characteristics on women's and men's birth plans and transitions. We use data from the 1999 and 2003 Swedish Young Adult Panel Study. Results indicate that men are more likely to intend to have a child if their partner's job makes it easy to take parental leave or work part-time. Women are more likely to intend to have a child if their partner's job pays well. In addition, men whose job pays well are more likely to have a child. This research suggests that family-friendly policies may enhance fertility indirectly through men's fertility decision making.
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| 9. |
- Kurowska, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Familydemic Cross Country and Gender Dataset on work and family outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-4463. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we present the Familydemic Cross Country and Gender Dataset (FCCGD), which offers cross country and gender comparative data on work and family outcomes among parents of dependent children, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It covers six countries from two continents representing diverse welfare regimes as well as distinct policy reactions to the pandemic outbreak. The FCCGD was created using the first wave of a web-based international survey (Familydemic) carried out between June and September 2021, on large samples of parents (aged 20–59) living with at least one child under 12 in Canada, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and the US. While individual datasets are not available due to country-level restriction policies, the presented database allows for cross-country comparison of a wide range of employment outcomes and work arrangements, the division of diverse tasks of unpaid labour (housework and childcare) in couples, experiences with childcare and school closures due to the pandemic and subjective assessments of changes to work-life balance, career prospects and the financial situation of families (234 variables).
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| 10. |
- Petts, Richard J., et al.
(författare)
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United States country note
- 2021
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Ingår i: 17th International Review of Leave Policies and Related Research 2021. - Hagen : FernUniversität in Hagen. ; , s. 615-627
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Note on United States leave policy: The United States is a federalstate. There is no statutory right to any of the types of leave or otherstatutory measures covered in the other country notes in this review.Federal, state and local leave policies tend to provide coverage for careof a new child and time to care for a seriously ill member of one’s familyor oneself. The federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993provides unpaid leave for a variety of reasons including: childbirth orthe care of a new- born child up to the age of 12 months; for theplacement and care of an adopted or foster child; for the care of aseriously ill child, spouse, or parent; or for a serious health condition ofthe employee that makes them unable to work their regular schedule.The federal Department of Labor is responsible for the FMLA. In addition,nine states, the District of Columbia and one territory offer all or someemployees the statutory right to partly compensated leaves for familyreasons. In March 2020, 21 per cent of all civilian workers had accessto paid family leave, and 89 per cent had access to unpaid family leave
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