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| 3. |
- Beskow, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Nya produkter och tjänster.
- 1999
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Ingår i: MTO Forskningsperspektivet. - : NUTEK.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Birkie, Seyoum Eshetu, 1982-
(författare)
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Be lean to be resilient : Setting capabilities for turbulent times
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Businesses globally are challenged to innovate their operations strategies and practices towards tighter delivery times, better quality and cheaper prices to remain profitable in addition to managing unpredictable circumstances well in today’s turbulent business environment. They often have to deal with the apparent paradox of advancing efficiency-fostering approaches such as lean production, and enhancing operational resilience against unanticipated disruptions. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether and how practices in seemingly contradicting paradigms in operations management can be utilised to attain a better competitive position in the face of uncertainties.This thesis is comprised of ‘modules’ of studies designed to systematically address the three research questions. This was necessary due to the different maturity level of the concepts brought together. Predominantly qualitative mixed-method approach was used for the overall research with some quantitative analysis included. The critical incident technique, case study and Bayesian inference were used in the different studies (papers).Operational resilience is characterised in terms of five core functions: sense, build, reconfigure, re-enhance, and sustain (RQ1). Resilience is also operationalised using routine practices that are bundled into internal/external, proactive/reactive dimensions of capabilities that positively influence performance upon recovery from disruption. An analysis showing that lean practice bundles lead to better operational performance under high uncertainty context is also done in this thesis (RQ2). Finally, operational resilience (based on routine practices that form the core functions) was found to have stronger synergies than trade-off with lean (based on practice bundles) in times of turbulence (RQ3).This thesis extends the resource-based view to high uncertainty contexts through empirical evidence and shows that resilience (dynamic) capabilities can be built from practices that firms normally employ; the capabilities are sources of better performance and competitive advantages in turbulent business environments. The thesis contributes to the discussion on the paradox of lean and operational resilience based approaches in the same context; lean practices bundles lend themselves to synergy with resilience capabilities, and leverage competitive gains in turbulent times.Practically, findings of this thesis suggest that companies need not abandon their lean implementation to become more resilient. In fact, it shows that lean implementation should be extended to address value chain processes beyond the shop floor for integrative removal of wastes, while being able to flexibly mitigate disruptions.
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| 5. |
- Birkie, Seyoum Eshetu, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Disentangling core functions of operational resilience : A critical review of extant literature
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Supply Chain and Operations Resilience. - 2052-8698. ; 1:1, s. 76-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study identifies and systematically reviews the literature on resilience in management research in order to characterise operational resilience. We argue that operational resilience provides an integrative view on different resilience perspectives in business (supply chain, business continuity, infrastructure, organisational, strategic). Using the resource-based view and particularly dynamic capabilities perspective as theoretical lenses, operational resilience is discussed in relation to the core business processes of an enterprise. Five core functions (sense, build, reconfigure, re-enhance, sustain) are identified from literature and discussed taking into account desired and undesired consequences of uncertainties. Moreover, operational resilience is operationalised using routines pertaining to the identified core functions. The proposed operational resilience core functions are further scrutinised using two case examples. Future research is suggested to validate the identified core functions and to use them for empirical analysis, including investigation of relationships with operations management paradigms such as lean thinking.
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| 6. |
- Birkie, Seyoum Eshetu, et al.
(författare)
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State-of-the-art review on operational resilience : Concept, scope and gaps
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advances in production management systems. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642403606 ; , s. 273-280
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This state-of-the-art review analyses literature on resilience paradigm perspectives and conceptualizations in business and management. Attempts have been made to produce a definition that reflects on and attempts to resolve inconsistencies and pursue with the conception of operational resilience. Future research directions are indicated by arguing on the possible relationships among operational resilience and modern operations management paradigms like lean thinking in view of operational performance.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Birkie, Seyoum Eshetu, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustaining performance under operational turbulence: the role of lean in engineer-to-order operations
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Lean Six Sigma. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2040-4166 .- 2040-4174. ; 8:4, s. 457-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Many studies have found out that lean practices provide better performance in a stable business environment. However, there is limited information on how lean practices influence performance gains (defined in this paper as improvement and sustenance of performance) in uncertain (complex and dynamic) environment. This study investigates how the implementation of lean helps to sustain performance in such context.Design/methodology/approach: The study draws on an in-depth investigation of two capital goods manufacturing engineer-to-order (ETO) cases in which performance sustenance is discussed in relation to the extent, locus, and extensiveness of implemented lean practice bundles.Findings: Findings indicate that a higher extent of lean practices implementation, covering both shop floor and transactional processes increases the possibility of performance sustenance in ETO. Furthermore, coherent approach in the pre-, during-, and post-implementation phases of the lean change process are required to foster performance sustenance. Lean practices in ETO are modified to suit context change from repetitive manufacturing.Research limitations/implications: This study proposes performance sustenance as a performance measure in highly uncertain context, such as ETO, as a single reference cannot effectively measure performance improvements over diverse orders. From this perspective, appropriate lean implementation contributes to build capabilities for flexibly and proactively managing uncertain circumstances.Practical Implication: Even companies operating in highly uncertain (complex and dynamic) contexts may benefit of significant performance gains thanks to lean implementation. It can be achieved by a balanced implementation of practices at shop floor and transactional processes, and their mindful customisations.Originality/value: The study compares lean implementation in ETO with that of high-volume-low-variety systems established in literature. It qualitatively discusses how lean implementation as an overarching effort both in shop floor and transactional processes leads to a better sustenance of achieved performance improvements in shop floor under high uncertainty.
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| 9. |
- Broström, Anders, Docent, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Structured relations between higher education institutions and external organisations : opportunity or bureaucratisation?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Higher Education. - : SPRINGER. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 78:4, s. 575-591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the introduction of centrally coordinated initiatives aimed at formalising universities' relationships to external organisations. Such initiatives are referred to as structured relations. Based on a review of nine Swedish Universities, we identify three types of structured relation initiatives (network events, collaboration platforms, partnership agreements). In common for all structured relations identified are that they offer new opportunities to manage external expectations on universities, in particular as regards their ability to demonstrate their commitment to outreach activities. The formalisation of outreach activities challenges the academic tradition of giving individual professors discretionary mandates to enter and manage external relationships. Drawing on a collective action perspective, we analyse the tensions that are generated when universities introduce new elements of support and central coordination of outreach activities. The introduction of structured relations potentially contributes to changing the nature of the university as an organisation.
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| 10. |
- Bäcklander, Gisela, 1983-
(författare)
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Autonomous, yet Aligned : Challenges of Self-Leadership in Context
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Följande avhandling bidrar till teorier om ledning av kunskapsarbete på mikronivå, genom att undersöka självledarskap i kunskapsarbete och organisatoriska försök att främja det på individ- och teamnivåer. Det empiriska materialet är insamlat i kontexter av innovativ mjukvaruutveckling, konsulter, och aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt; metoden är företrädesvis djupintervjuer och tematisk analys, och i papper IV enkät och statistisk analys. Den övergripande forskningsfrågan har varit: Hur kan organisationer stödja hållbart och produktivt självledarskap hos sina anställda? I papper I framträder en förmåga att “se” vilket arbete som skulle göras. Det antyder att situationellt omdöme och uppmärksamhet är nyckelingredienser i vad som slutligen ses som framgångsrikt självgående eller självledarskap hos anställda. I papper II indikerar kunskapsarbetare själva att en förväntan att kunna ”utläsa” chefens/omgivningens krav som något som bidrar till ett internaliserande av krav och att man ser sig själv som källan till stress. Konsulterna i studien uttryckte en tro på interna själv-disciplinära strategier av en mer reaktiv natur som det som skulle göra dem mer självledande. I själva verket så visade deras berättelser istället på att det snarare var mer externa och proaktiva strategier (att välja eller ändra arbetsmiljön) som fungerade bäst i praktiken, vilket rimmar väl med den forskning om begränsade resurser för självreglering som publicerats på senare tid. Baserat på papper I & II så undersöker papper IV kvantitativt hypotesen att ha god tillgång till arbetsrelevant information (“information richness”) skulle ha ett starkare samband med lägre kognitiv stress, och bättre prestation, är de interna och självfokuserade strategier som förordas i det etablerade konceptet och måttet self-leadership (självledarskap). I synnerhet i en kontext av aktivitetsbaserat arbete, där medarbetarna själva har stark möjlighet att bestämma hur, var, när, och med vem de utför arbete. Hypoteserna bekräftades i stort, vilket tyder på att när organisatoriska situationer inte kan konfigureras starkt, till exempel eftersom den bästa arbetsprocessen inte är känd, eller för att innovation eller olika samarbeteskonstellationer krävs, så behöver de berikas så att den orientering och om-orientering som anställda behöver göra inte blir för belastande för den enskilda och försämrar kognitiv funktion och prestation. Papper III är en fallstudie av agila coacher (AC) på Spotify och hur de praktiserar ett underlättande ledarskap (”enabling leadership”), en central, balanserade kraft inom complexity leadership theory (Uhl-Bien, Marion, & McKelvey, 2007). Coacher praktiserar underlättande ledarskap genom att öka kontext-känsligheten hos andra, genom stöd till andra ledarroller, genom att etablera och förstärka enkla beslutsprinciper, observera gruppdynamik, synliggöra motsättningar och underlätta och uppmuntra konstruktiv dialog. AC som komplexitetsledare värderar att vara närvarande, observera och reagera i ögonblicket. Fynden antyder att den flexibla struktur som en uppmärksam coach bidrar med kan vara ett fruktsamt sätt att navigera och balansera autonomi och målstyrning, att ha en gemensam riktning.Omformuleringen av konceptet självledarskap i den här avhandlingen pekar på vikten av att, som individ, 1) kunna navigera ”svaga” situationer och att se eller skapa sina egna arbetsuppgifter på ett sådant sätt som gör ett värdefullt bidrag till organisationen, och 2) ha möjligheten att avlasta kognitiva krav på sin miljö i bred mening. Att stödja självledarskap innebär i så fall att stödja dessa två huvudmekanismer. Och med ett resursperspektiv kan vi säga att organisationer kan erbjuda stöd genom att bygga eller erbjuda resurser av olika slag, som i sin tur låter medarbetare ha mer kvar av sina interna, personliga resurser för de tillfällen då de verkligen behövs.
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