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- Kazen, Thomas, Professor, 1960-
(författare)
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A Perhaps Less Halakic Jesus and Purity : On Prophetic Criticism, Halakic Innovation, and Rabbinic Anachronism
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal For The Study of the Historical Jesus. - : Brill. - 1476-8690 .- 1745-5197. ; 14:2, s. 120-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purity practices during the first century ce were widespread in Judaea and Galilee as part of everyday life and not limited to concerns relating to the temple cult. Developments in key water rites were partly triggered by concepts of graded impurity, to which an understanding of defilement via food also belonged. Certain rabbinic characteristics represent later developments and cannot be assumed for the time of Jesus. Hand impurity did not originate as a rabbinic decree to protect tĕrûmâ, and accusations against Pharisees for setting aside Scripture in favour of their own traditions did not originate with the historical Jesus, but suggest later polemics. Jesus’ stance on purity is perhaps better characterized as prophetic than halakic.
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- Kazen, Thomas, Professor, 1960-
(författare)
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Concern, custom and common sense : discharge, hand washing and graded purification
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal For The Study of the Historical Jesus. - : Brill. - 1476-8690 .- 1745-5197. ; 13:2-3, s. 150-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This essay interacts with E.P. Sanders’s work on purity, building on some of his insights, while disagreeing on other points. Sanders’s appeal to historical imagination and common sense is discussed and problematized. The essay deals at length with issues such as the expulsion, isolation, and integration of various impurity bearers, and the emergence of additional water rites to mitigate impurities and prevent unnecessary contamination. The evidence under discussion includes Hebrew Bible, Dead Sea texts, Philo, Josephus, New Testament, and rabbinic literature.
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- Kazen, Thomas, Professor, 1960-
(författare)
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Emotional Ethics in Biblical Texts : Cultural Construction and Biological Bases of Morality
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel. - : Mohr Siebeck. - 2192-2276 .- 2192-2284. ; 6:4, s. 431-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the evolution of human beings as a successful social species, emotions have played a crucial role. This article focuses on the role of empathy for moral discernment, and especially on its role for an expanding altruism. Although a cultural construct, morality rests on emotional underpinnings which have ensured the survival of humankind. Some of these mechanisms are illustrated by a discussion of select biblical and Second Temple period Jewish texts, including texts from the Covenant Code, Deuteronomy, the Holiness Code, Proverbs, Genesis, and ben Sira. Special attention is given to definitions of altruism, the role of kin, and potentials for expanding empathy beyond assumed limits.
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- Kazen, Thomas, Professor, 1960-
(författare)
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Emotional Fear in Pentateuchal Legal Collections
- 2019
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Ingår i: <em>Language, Cognition, and Biblical Exegesis</em>. - London : Bloomsbury Academic. ; , s. 40-62
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter examines the role of fear in the Pentateuchal legal collections. Fear of foreigners is conspicuous in laws regulating relationships with other peoples. Fear of divine punishment is frequently employed as a deterrent in motivating obedience. Fear of demonic or supernatural powers is implicit in certain rituals, not least in some that effect purification or atonement. This is not a study of the semantics of fear, but of the emotional role that fear seems to play within and behind the texts that are discussed. I note how fear both counteracts and interacts with other emotions, particularly empathy and disgust. I also relate my analysis to recent discussions about the interrelationship, dating, and social contexts of various Pentateuchal legal collections.
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